ALBERT

Note: Contents: Contributing Authors. - SECTION 1. HISTORY OF RESEARCH OF POLAR SOIL. - The History of Research of Polar Soil: Introduction / S. V. Goryachkin. - Chapter 1. Soil Research in Arctic Alaska, Greenland, and Antarctica / J.C.F. Tedrow. - Chapter 2. The History of Research of Eurasian Cryosols / S.V. Goryachkin, N.A. Karavaeva, and O.V. Makeev. - Chapter 3. Northern Soil Research in Canada / C. Tarnocai. - SECTION 2. THE GEOGRAPHY OF CRYOSOLS. - The Geography of Cryosols: Introduction / C.A. Scott Smith and S.V. Goryachkin. - Chapter 1. Similarities and Differences in Arctic and Antarctic Soil Zones / S. V. Goryachkin, H.P. Blume, L. Beyer, I. Campbell, G. Claridge, J. G. Bockheim, N.A. Karavaeva, V. Targulian, and C. Tarnocai. - Chapter 2. Cryosols in Alaska / C.-L. Ping, M. H. Clark, and D. K. Swanson. - Chapter 3. Cryosols of Arctic Canada / C. Tarnocai. - Chapter 4. Cryosols of the Boreal, Subarctic, and Western Cordillera Regions of Canada / C. A. S. Smith and H. Veldhuis. - Chapter 5. Cryosols in the Russian Arctic Archipelagos / S. V. Goryachkin and N. A. Karavaeva. - Chapter 6. Soils and Soil Cover of Northeastern Eurasia / Ye. M. Naumov. - Chapter 7. Cryosols of the Russian European North / S. V. Goryachkin and I. V. Ignatenko. - Chapter 8. Cryosols of Western Siberia / N. Karavaeva. - Chapter 9. Cryosols of the Mountains of Southern Siberia and Far Eastern Russia / R. G. Gracheva. - Chapter 10. Geography and Ecology of Cryogenic Soils of Mongolia / S. V. Maximovich. - Chapter 11. The Periglacial Environment and Distribution of Cryosols in China / C.-L. Ping, G. Qiu, and L.Zhao. - Chapter 12. Cryosols of the Arid Antarctic / I. B. Campbell and G. G. C. Claridge. - Chapter 13. The Soil Cover of Central Siberia / I. A. Sokolov, T. V. Ananko, and D. Ye. Konyushkov. - SECTION 3. PROPERTIES AND PROCESSES OF CRYOSOLS. - Properties and Processes of Cryosols: Introduction / B. Van Vliet-Lanoë. - Chapter 1. Physico-Chemical Processes in Cryogenic Soils / V. Ostroumov. - Chapter 2. Micromorphology of Cryosols / B. Van Vliet-Lanoë, C. A. Fox, and S. V. Gubin. - Chapter 3. The Thermal Regime of Cryosols / C. R. Burn. - Chapter 4. Cryosols in the Extremely Arid Transantarctic Mountains Region of Antarctica / I. B. Campbell and G. G. C. Claridge. - Chapter 5. Mineralogy and Weathering of Antarctic Cryosols / H.-P. Blume, J. Chen, E. Kalk, and D. Kuhn. - Chapter 6. Weathering Processes in Arid Cryosols / G. G. C. Claridge and I. B. Campbell. - SECTION 4. ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES OF CRYOSOLS. - Ecological Processes of Cryosols: Introduction / L. Beyer. - Chapter 1. Organic Matter and Bioactivity in Cryosols of Arctic Alaska / G. J. Michaelson, X.Y. Dai, and C.-L Ping. - Chapter 2. The Biological Cycle in Terrestrial Polar Ecosystems and its Influence on Soil Formation / D. G. Zamolodchikov and D. G. Fedorov-Davydov. - Chapter 3. Soil Organic Matter Storage in Cold Soils of CoastalEastern Antarctica (Casey Station, Wilkes Land) / L. Beyer, K. Pingpank, M. Bölter, and R. D. Seppelt. - Chapter 4. Composition and Transformation of Soil Organic Matter in Cryosols and Gelic Histosols in Coastal Eastern Antarctica (Casey Station, Wilkes Land) / L. Beyer, D. M. White, K. Pingpank, and M. Bolter. - Chapter 5. Microorganisms and Microbial Processes in Antarctic Soils / M. Bolter and E. Kandeler. - Chapter 6. The Biology of Arid Cryosols / G. G. C. Claridge and I. B. Campbell. - Chapter 7. Biodiversity, primary productivity, and the seasonal dynamic of soil processes in Taimyr soil-permafrost complexes / V. D. Vassiljevskaja, B. Pospelova, and V. Telesnina. - SECTION 5. CLASSIFICATION OF CRYOSOLS. - Classification of Cryosols: Introduction / G. Broil and D. Ye. Konyushkov. - Chapter 1. Classification of Cryosols in Canada / C. Tarnocai. - Chapter 2. Classification of Cryosols in Russia / G. Mazhitova. - Chapter 3. The Gelisol Order in Soil Taxonomy / R. J. Ahrens, J. G. Bockheim, and C-L. Ping. - Chapter 4. Classification of Permafrost-Affected Soils in the WRB / C. Tarnocai, G. Broil, and H.-P. Blume. - SECTION 6. MANAGEMENT AND USE OF CRYOSOLS. - Management and Use of Cryosols: Introduction / I. B.Campbell. - Chapter 1. Agricultural Use of Tundra Soils in the Vorkuta Area, Northeast European Russia / I. A. Archegova, N. Kotelina, and G. Mazhitova. - Chapter 2. Disposal of Mine Tailings in Continuous Permafrost Areas:Environmental Aspects and Future Control Strategies / B. Elberling. - Chapter 3. Environmental Impacts and Recovery from Human Activities on Cryosols of the Transantarctic Mountains / I. B. Campbell and G. G. C. Claridge. - Chapter 4. Soil Properties and Relationships in Cryosols of theRegion of the Transantarctic Mountains in Antarctica / I. B. Campbell and G. G. C. Claridge

Note: Contents Preface Acknowledgments Organizing Committee Welcome / Richard Asselin Opening / Dick Arnold Papers Review of the Classification of Permafrost-Affected Soils In the United States and Canada / R.J. Ahrens, C.A.S. Smith, J.P. Moore, and L. Ratliff Thermic Control on Soil Formation In Northeastern Asia and Probable Effects of Global Change / A. V. Alfimov, G.G. Mazhitova, and D.I. Bennan Gellsols: A New Proposed Order for Permafrost-Affected Soils / J.G. Bockheim, C.L. Ping, J.P. Moore, and J.M. Kimble Traces of Plelstocene Periglacial Processes and their recent Presence in Relief of the Republic of Croatia / Andrija Bognar Micromorphology of Permafrost-Affected Soils / Catherine A. Fox Relic Features In Recent Tundra Soli Profiles and Tundra Soils Classification / S.V. Gubin The Main Regularities of Soil Formation on Calcareous Rocks of the North / D.Ye. Konyushkov Permafrost-Affected Soils and Cryopeclology / Oleg V. Makeev The Main Soli Types In Northeastern Eurasia / Ye. M. Naumov Characterization of Organic Carbon, Using the 813C·value of a Permafrost Site In the Kolyma.Jndigirka·Lowland, Northeast Siberia / E-M. Pfeiffer and H. Janssen Reflection of Bedrock on the Soil Geochemistry and Weathering In the Tundra Region of Northernmost Finland / M.L. Räisänen Permafrost Dynamics and Soli Formation / Y.L. Shur and C.L. Ping Soil Cover of the North of Russia and Its Cartographic Modeling / I.A. Sokolov, Ye.M. Naumov, and D. Ye. Konyushkov Soils and Landscapes of the Upper Kobuk Valley, Alaska / David K. Swanson Genesis of Permafrost-Affected Soils / Charles Tamocai The Peculiar Features of Microstructure and Genesis of Cryosols of the Permafrost Regions of Russia / T.V. Tursina Mineralogical and Particle-Size Relationships of Two Alluvial Soils from Alaska / M.A. Wilson, W.C. Lynn, D.W. Moser, and A.B. Sarata Frozen Soils of China / Zhao Qi-guo and Wang Hao-qing Appendix 1: Tour Sites Appendix 2: Work Groups Appendix 3: Proposed Gelisol Order

Note: Contents Section I - Introduction Chapter 1 - Methods for Assessing Soil C Pools / J.M Kimble, R. Lal and R.F Follett Section II - Soil Sampling and Sample Preparation Chapter 2 - Methodology for Sampling and Preparation for Soil Carbon Determination / J.M Kimble, R.B. Grossman and S.E. Samson-Liebig Chapter 3 - Importance of Soil Bulk Density and Methods of Its Measurement / R. Lal and J.M Kimble Chapter 4 - The Effects of Terrain Position and Elevation on Soil C in the Southern Appalachians / P. V Bolstad and J.M Vose Chapter 5 - Approaching "Functional" Soil Organic Matter Pools through Particle-Size Fractionation: Examples for Tropical Soils / C. Feller, J. Balesdent, B. Nicolardot and C. Cerri Chapter 6 - Spatial Variability: Enhancing the Mean Estimate of Organic and Inorganic Carbon in a Sampling Unit / P. Wilding, L.R. Drees and L. C. Nordt Chapter 7 - Assessment of Soil Organic Carbon Using the U.S. Soil Survey / R.B. Grossman, D.S. Harms, D.F. Kingsbury, R.K Shaw and A.B. Jenkins Cbapter 8 - Organic Carbon Methods, Microbial Biomass, Root Biomass and Sampling Design under Development by NRCS / C.D. Franks, J.M Kimble, S.E. Samson-Liebig and TM Sobecki Section III - Assessment of Carbon Pools Chapter 9 - Characterization of Soil Organic Carbon Pools / HH Cheng and J.M Kimble Chapter 10 - Measuring and Comparing Soil Carbon Storage / B.H Ellert, HH Janzen andB. McConkey Chapter 11 - Estimating Total System C in Smallhold Farming Systems of the East African Highlands / P.L. Woomer, NK Karanja, and E.W. Murage Chapter 12 - Assessment and Significance of Labile Organic C Pools in Forest Soils / P.K Khanna, B. Ludwig, J. Bauhus and C. O'Hara Section IV - Assessment and Analytical Techniques Chapter 13 - Interlaboratory Carbon Isotope Measurements on Five Soils / R.F. Follett and E.G. Pruessner Chapter 14 - The Determination of Soil C Pool Sizes and Turnover Rates: Biophysical Fractionation and Tracers / E.A. Paul, SJ Morris and S. Bohm Chapter 15 - Ecozone and Soil Profile Screening for C-Residence Time, Rejuvenation, Bomb 14C Photosynthetic 613C Changes / H W. Scharpenseel, E.M Pfeiffer and P. Becker-Heidmann Chapter 16 - Use of 13C Isotopes to Determine Net Carbon Sequestration in Soil under Ambient and Elevated CO2 / W.R. Horwath, C: van Kessel, U Hartwig and D. Harris Chapter 17 - Methods Using Amino Sugars as Markers for Microbial Residues in Soil / W. Amelung Chapter 18 - Characterization of Soil Organic Matter / C.L. Ping, G.J. Michaelson, X Y Dai and R.J. Candler Chapter 19 - Fractionating Soil in Stable Aggregates Using a Rainfall Simulator / G.C. Starr, R. Lal and J.M Kimble Chapter 20 - Toward an Efficient Method for Measuring Total Organic Carbon Stocks in Forests / G.R. Smith Chapter 21 - Soil Organic Matter Evaluation / R.A. Rossell, J.C. Gasparoni and J.A. Galantini Chapter 22 - The Development of the KMnO4 Oxidation Technique to Determine Labile Carbon in Soil and Its Use in a Carbon Management Index / G. Blair, R. Lefray, A. Whitbread, N Blair and A. Conteh Chapter 23 - Effects of Soil Morphological and Physical Properties on Estimation of Carbon Storage in Arctic Soils / G.J. Michaelson, C.L. Ping and J.M Kimble Chapter 24 - Estimation of Particulate and Total Organic Matter by Weight Loss-on-Ignition / C.A. Camberdella, A.M Gajda, J. W. Doran, B.J. Wienhold and T.A. Kettler Chapter 25 - Use of Near Infrared Spectroscopy to Determine Inorganic and Organic Carbon Fractions in Soil and Litter / B. Ludwig and P.K Khanna Chapter 26 - Development of Rapid Instrumental Methods for Measuring Soil Organic Carbon / G. W. McCarty and J.B. Reeves III Chapter 27 - Soil Quality Evaluations of Alternative and Conventional Management Systems in the Great Plains / A.M Gajda, J. W. Doran, T.A. Kettler, B.J. Wienhold, J.L. Pikul, Jr. and C.A. Cambardella Section V - Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Chapter 28 - 137Cs for Measuring Soil Erosion and Redeposition: Application for Understanding Soil Carbon / J.C. Ritchie Chapter 29 - Assessing the Impact of Erosion on Soil Organic Car\:〉0n Pools and Fluxes / G. C. Starr, R. Lal, JM Kimble and L. Owens Chapter 30 - Assessing Water Erosion Impacts on Soil Carbon Pools and Fluxes / P.A. Jacinthe, R. Lal and JM Kimble Chapter 31 - Soil Organic Carbon Erosion Assessment by Cesium-137 / Y. Hao, R. Lal, L.B. Owens and RC. Izaurralde Section VI - Modeling and Scaling Procedures Chapter 32 - A Simple Model to Estimate Soil Carbon Dynamics at the BOREAS Northern Study Area, Manitoba, Canada / G. Rapalee Chapter 33 - Methods Used to .Create the North American Soil Organic Carbon Digital Database / R. Lacelle, S. Waltman, N Bliss and F. Orozco-Chavez Chapter 34 - Basic Principles for Soil Carbon Sequestration and Calculating Dynamic Country-Level Balances Including Future Scenarios / O. Andren and T Kiitterer Chapter 35 - Examining the Carbon Stocks of Boreal Forest Ecosystems at Stand and Regional Scales / JS. Bhatti, MJ Apps and lL Jiang Chapter 36 - Predicting Broadscale CStores of Woody Detritus from Plot Data / ME. Harmon, 0.N Krankina, M Yatskov and E. Matthews Chapter 37 - Soil C Dynamics: Measurement, Simulation and Site-to-Region Scale-Up / R.C. Izaurralde, Kll Haugen-Kozyra, D.C. Jans, WB. McGill, R.F. Grant and JC. Hiley . Chapter 38 - Some Factors Affecting the Distribution of Carbon in Soils of a Dry land Agricultural System in Southwestern Australia / R.J Harper and R.J. Gilkes Chapter 39 - A National Inventory of Changes in Soil Carbon from National Resources Inventory Data / MD. Eve, K. Paustian, R. Follett and E.T. Elliott Section VII - Economics and Policy Issues Chapter 40 - Assessing the Economics of Carbon Sequestration in Agriculture / L. Tweeten, B. Sohngen and J Hopkins Chapter 41 - Climate Change Policy and the Agricultural Sector / D. Zilberman and D. Sunding Chapter 42 - Approaches to Assessing Carbon Credits and Identifying Trading Mechanisms / A. Manale Section VIII - Synthesis Chapter 43 - Methodological Challenges: Toward Balancing Soil C Pools and Fluxes / R. Lal, JM Kimble and R.F. Follett Index