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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Evaluation of the Lower Extremity Joint Moments and Muscle Force during Various High-Heel Walking (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 326-328 (Dec. 2006), p. 755-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In this study, we determined joint moments and muscle forces in the lower extremity duringwalking with different heel-height shoes using the 3D motion analysis and the correspondingmusculoskeletal modeling. Totally fifteen healthy women participated in the 3D motion analysis forvarious walking with barefoot, flat shoe, 3cm, 6cm and 9cm high heels. Inverse dynamic simulationswere also performed using a musculoskeletal model in order to calculate joint moments and muscleforces in the lower extremity. As for the hip, joint angles, joint moments and corresponding muscleforces did not show significant differences. Rectus femoris, a biarticular muscle for hip flexor and kneeextensor, revealed stronger effect on the knee than the hip. Soleus, playing the most important role forankle plantarflexor, showed decreases in the maximum muscle force at pre-swing, as heel heightincreased. Tibialis anterior produced larger dorsiflexion moments for foot clearance with higher-heeledshoes
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/52/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.326-328.755.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermographic Diagnosis of Whiplash Injury with/without Radiculopathy (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 321-323 (Oct. 2006), p. 845-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Whiplash injury is produced by the hyperextension of the neck followed by flexion.These patients have no abnormality in radiologic evaluation.We collected 39 patients and divided into two groups; Group 1 (neck pain without radiculopathy)and Group 2 (neck pain with radiculopathy). Thermal differences at neck and arm were checkedwith IR thermography. 1 patient was taken the IR thermography periodically until recovery from hissymptom.Group 1 showed that subjective painful area on the neck was changed to hyperthermic, but thearm temperature was normal. Group 2 showed that subjective painful area on the neck was changedto hyperthermic, and painful arm was changed hyperthermic, which can be differentiated fromhypothermic change in cervical disc herniation patients. Thermal differences were graduallyreduced with the same consequence of the patient’s symptom recovery.IR thermography can be used to diagnose the whiplash injury and also to determine a symptomrecovery. It is possible to differentiate the whiplash injury with radiculopathy and pre-existingcervical disc disease
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.321-323.845.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects on Foot/Ankle Roll-Over Characteristics According to Different Heel Heights during Walking (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 321-323 (Oct. 2006), p. 1022-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This study investigated effects on foot/ankle roll-over characteristics according to heelheights during walking. Fifteen female volunteers who have neither musculoskeletal nor footproblems participated in gait analyses, wearing totally four pairs of shoes with different heel heights.To obtain roll-over shape of foot/ankle complex, we used trajectories of ankle, knee and the center ofpressure (COP) between initial contact(IC) and opposite initial contact(OIC) to represent as circulararc using the least-square method. We found that the entire roll-over shape moved distally as the heelheight increased but roll-over characteristics did not change significantly with different heel heights.In addition, we found that nondisabled persons automatically adapt their foot/ankle complex tochanges in heel height shoes up to 6cm, by moving the origin of roll-over shape distally to keep theroll-over characteristics uniform. Roll-over characteristics in human walking would provide a newunderstanding of human walking, and furthermore can be applied to the design of prosthetics andorthotics of the lower extremity
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.321-323.1022.pdf
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved Non-Invasive Biomechanical Evaluation Method for the Virtue of Risedronate (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 342-343 (July 2007), p. 921-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: New medicines for treatment of osteoporotic bones have developed. In the previousstudies, there were lots of pre-clinical experiments on animals to analyze the virtue of new medicine.However, the previous methods sacrificed a number of animals. They induced lots of expenses andethical problems. In the present study, to investigate the effect of a medicine for osteoporosis byusing in-vivo micro computed tomography (In-vivo Micro-CT, skyscan 1076, skyscan, Belgium)and micro finite element (*FE) analysis, morphological and mechanical characteristic changes ofrat bone were detected and tracked. The 8 female Sprague-Dawley rats, used in the experiment,were randomized into 3 groups (Control, Sham and Risedronate group). The Risedronate (actonel,0.58mg/Kg and 5days/week) for 8 weeks was administered in RIS group. The 4th lumbar vertebraeof rats were scanned by In-vivo Micro-CT with 35*m at week 0 (just before dose) and week 8 (afterdose). Three-dimensional (3D) structural parameters were calculated. Simulated compression testsof 3D FE models were carried out to investigate the mechanical characteristics in the wholevertebral bone model of the 4th lumbar vertebra. The change rate of quantity and structure inRisedronate (RIS) group was smaller than that of control (CON) group. The change rate ofstructural modulus in RIS group was also smaller than that of CON group. This result shows thevirtue of risedronate quantitatively as well as qualitatively. The study introduced the improved noninvasivebiomechanical evaluation method, combined with In-vivo Micro-CT and *FE analysis,which was more effective and useful than the previous pre-clinical experiments
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/54/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.342-343.921.pdf
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure Distributions on the Buttocks and Thighs by Electrical Stimulation in the Sitting Posture (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 321-323 (Oct. 2006), p. 984-987 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Pressure distributions on the buttocks and thighs by the functional electrical stimulation onthe gluteus maximus, sartorius and hamstring in the seating posture were analyzed for ten healthyyoung volunteers in order to determine which muscle can be stimulated for pressure ulcer prevention.Muscles were stimulated every 5 seconds over 30 seconds by the MP150 stimulator. Pressuredistribution and ground reaction forces on the stimulated buttocks and thighs increased when thegluteus maximus was stimulated. Pressure on the stimulated thigh slightly decreasedwhen stimulating sartorius and hamstring individually. With a simultaneous stimulation of thegluteus maximus and sartorius, pressures on the stimulated buttocks and thighs increasedsignificantly, but pressure on the opposite buttock decreased significantly. With a simultaneousstimulation of the sartorius and hamstring, both pressure on the stimulated thigh and the groundreaction force significantly decreased
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.321-323.984.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship of Morphological and Mechanical Characteristics in Vertebral Trabecular Bone (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 342-343 (July 2007), p. 41-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Several researchers investigated the mechanical characteristics of human trabecular boneusing finite element analysis (FEA) based on micro computed tomography (μ-CT). There were fewinvestigations on morphological and mechanical characteristics of vertebral trabecular bones. Thisstudy analyzed the relationship between morphological and mechanical characteristics in theregional vertebral trabecular bones using μ-CT and μ-FEA. Two specimens were obtained from the12th thoracic vertebral bodies of cadavers (85 years female and 48 years male). In each vertebralbody, fifteen regions were selected from two-dimensional (2D) images acquired from μ-CT. Voxelbasedthree-dimensional (3D) finite element models, with 4[removed info]4[removed info]4[removed info] cubic block, were generatedfrom each region for simulated compression test. The relationship between morphologicalcharacteristics, such as bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, trabecularnumber and structure model index, and mechanical characteristics, such as structural modulus (E†),was analyzed by bivariate correlation coefficient. As a result, the region of center column andinferior layer had the highest density. However, structural moduli in center column and middle layerwere the biggest. The results indicated that there was a regional difference between morphologicaland mechanical characteristics of vertebral trabecular bone. In addition, for more exact evaluationof osteoporosis, it was recommended to analyze not only the mechanical characteristics but also themorphology characteristics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/54/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.342-343.41.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Hormone Treatment on the Mechanical Characteristics of Osteoporotic Vertebral Trabecular Bone Using RP and FE Models (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 342-343 (July 2007), p. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Considerable researchers analyzed the effects of hormone treatment on osteoporoticvertebral bones. Hormone treatment of age-related osteoporotic bone has a potential to decrease anincidence of osteoporosis. In the present paper, experimental and simulated tests for the mechanicalcharacteristics of osteoporotic models and their hormone-treated models were investigated. Threedimensional (3D) geometries of the models (rapid prototyped and finite element models) weregenerated from high resolution micro-computed tomography ($-CT, Skyscan 1076, Skyscan,Belgium) scan data for the central parts of the second lumbar vertebrae. From these 3D geometries,cubic specimens with side length 6.5mm were formed and analyzed. Rapid prototyped (RP) models,instead of the real bone specimen, of vertebral trabecular bones were created in the fused depositionmodeling (FDM) machine. In the present study, experimental compressions test for RP models werecarried out by the INSTRON testing machine (8874 series, Instron, UK). The mechanicalcharacteristics of finite element (FE) models for simulated compression tests were compared withphysical predictions from RP models for experimental compression test. As a result, it is found thatthe hormone therapy is likely to be less effective than reported by previous researchers. Aremarkable agreement was achieved between the results obtained from the experimental tests forRP models and simulated tests for FE models
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/54/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.342-343.37.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detecting and Tracking Changes of Morphologies and Mechanical Characteristics in the Lumbar Vertebrae of OVX Rats Using RP Technique and Micro-FE Method (2006)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 321-323 (Oct. 2006), p. 1078-1081 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the present study, changes of morphologies and mechanical characteristics in the lumbarvertebrae of the ovariectomised (OVX) rats were investigated and analyzed by Finite Element (FE)and Rapid-Prototyped (RP) models based on micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). In previousresearches, there were many studies about morphology such as bone mineral density and trabecularmicrostructure. However, detecting and tracking local changes were few in the trabecular and corticalbone of the lumbar vertebrae for the OVX rats. Experimental and simulated studies were used toinvestigate mechanical characteristics of the lumbar vertebral bones for the OVX rats. Threedimensional (3D) geometries of the models (RP and FE models), generated from in-vivo micro-CTscan data, were obtained from the 4th lumbar of the OVX rats. Three specimens (whole vertebral,trabecular and cortical bone models) were generated and analyzed in the simulated compression tests.For further verification, the experimental compression test for RP models ‘instead of real bonespecimens’ was performed to indirectly validate the results of the simulated compression test for theFE models. The results were similar to those of the compression test simulated by micro-FE analysis.The present study showed the efficiency of the combined method (FE and RP techniques based onin-vivo micro-CT) as a nondestructive evaluation
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/51/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.321-323.1078.pdf
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  • 9
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    Compact microwave ion source for industrial applications (2012)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    GaP–ZnS Pseudobinary Alloy Nanowires (2014)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-22
    Print ISSN: 1530-6984
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-6992
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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