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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of Resistance to Downy Mildew (Peronospora destructor [Berk.] Casp.) from Allium roylei Stearn in the Backcross Allium cepa L. × (A. roylei ×A. cepa) (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 105 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Allium roylei Stearn and both reciprocals of the interspecific hybrid between Allium cepa L. and A. roylei displayed no symptoms of Peronospora destructor (Berk.) Casp. after artificial or natural inoculations, whereas A. cepa was susceptible. In the offspring from the backcross A. cepa× (A. roylei ×A. cepa) resistant and susceptible plants segregated after artificial inoculations, fitting a 1: 1-ratio. This suggests that resistance is controlled by a single, dominantly-inherited locus (designated Pd1) from the nuclear genome of A. roylei. During a severe epidemic in the field, plants from the same backcross segregated resistant and susceptible individuals in a 3: 1-ratio. Escapes may explain the deviation from the 1: 1-segregation, but the presence of a second resistance locus segregating independently from Pd1 cannot be excluded, implicating possible differences in virulence between populations of P. destructor. The occurrence in the backcross offspring of plants having a morphology similar to A. cepa without showing symptoms of downy mildew opens perspectives for breeding P. destructor-resistant onion varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1990.tb00467.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of Relative Growth Rate and Survival in Ecologically Contrasting Populations of Agrostis stolonifera (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant species biology 6 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-1984
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Significant differentiation in relative growth rate (RGR) was found among three ecologically contrasting populations of Agrostis stolonifera. Under low nitrogen conditions the sand dune population had the highest mean RGR. The plastic response in RGR to different levels of nitrogen supply was significantly higher in the inland meadow population than in the polder and sand dune populations. The (colonizing) polder population tended to have the highest variation for RGR. Variation in RGR within populations was mainly environmentally determined, although in the polder population significant effects of genotype and of genotype × nitrogen level were found. The repeatability for RGR in this population proved to be different from zero under both nitrogen conditions. Root/shoot ratios of the three populations were not different from each other, independent of the level of nitrogen supply. Correlations between RGR and survival of genotypes within the populations were not significant, which points at the influence of genotype × environment interactions or the possibility that genotypic differences in RGR do not necessarily indicate an adaptation to any habitat, not even the home site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-1984.1991.tb00209.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phylogeny reconstruction and hybrid analysis in Allium subgenus Rhizirideum (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 1000-1009 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Allium subgenus Rhizirideum ; Allium cepa ; Allium roylei ; AFLP ; Onion ; Phylogeny reconstruction ; Hybrid Distance ; nDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) for assessing nuclear DNA diversity have been used for the reconstruction of the phylogeny and evolution of several sections of Allium subgenus Rhizirideum. A dataset of 355 characters for 33 accessions belonging to 20 species has been compiled. The band-sharing of five interspecific hybrids and of an F2 population between Allium cepa and Allium roylei with their parents indicated a heterozygosity level between 6 and 14%, which allows the use of dominant markers such as AFLPs for phylogeny reconstruction. A majority rule consensus tree based on 56 most-parsimonius trees (CI = 0.528) revealed a separate clade for each of the sections, Cepa, Rhizirideum and Schoenoprasum, and one clade combining the sections Oreiprason and Petroprason. An unweighted pair group mean average (UPGMA)-based dendrogram showed the same subdivision. The trees and the ’Hybrid Distance’ approach both supported the assumption of a hybrid origin for A. roylei with considerable subsequent secondary evolution. The establishment of three alliances in the section Cepa and the close relationship of sections Oreiprason and Petroprason are now confirmed. The predictions of the Soybean domestication scenario, i.e. selection of a crop from one progenitor with subsequent narrowing of the genetic diversity of the crop, which applies to the cultigens A. cepa and Allium fistulosum, is supported by the Hybrid Distance approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051381
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introgression of Allium fistulosum into A. cepa mediated by A. roylei (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 17-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Onion ; Wild species ; Multi-colour genomic in situ hybridisation ; Chiasmata ; Meiotic recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Introgression of Allium fistulosum into the genome of A. cepa using A. roylei as a bridging species was studied by means of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Here we demonstrate for the first time that A. fistulosum can be stably introgressed into A. cepa with a bridge-cross. The first and second bridge-cross generations were fertile, although pollen was sterile in some individuals. Only occasionally were there translocations in the second generation bridge-cross. Recombination between the three genomes was frequently seen in meiotic anaphase 1 and prophase 2 chromosomes of the first generation bridge cross and in mitotic chromosomes of the second generation bridge-cross. The number of observed recombination points in anaphase 1 and prophase 2 significantly exceeded the value expected from chiasma frequency in metaphase 1. Recombination points were randomly distributed, thus the A. cepa or A. roylei type of random distribution prevails over the A. fistulosum type of proximally localised chiasmata.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050003
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic map of an interspecific cross in Allium based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLPTM) markers (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 118-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words AFLP ; Allium roylei ; Allium cepa ; Downy mildew ; Genetic linkage map ; Onion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Segregation of 692 polymorphic AFLPTM (amplified fragment length polymorphism) fragments was determined in an F2 of the interspecific cross A. roylei x A. cepa. Two different enzyme combinations were used, PstI/MseIand EcoRI/MseI; in the latter one extra selective nucleotide was added to the MseI primer. The map based on A. cepa markers consisted of eight linkage groups with 262 markers covering 694 cM of the expected 800 cM. The map based on A. roylei markers comprised 15 linkage groups with 243 markers and had a length of 626 cM. The two maps were not integrated, and 25% of the markers remained unlinked. One of the alliinase genes and a SCAR marker linked to the disease resistance gene to downy mildew are present on this map. Of the AFLP markers, 50—80% were polymorphic between A. cepa and A. roylei; the level of polymorphic markers between different A. cepa accessions was4-8%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050017
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial DNA variation and crossability of leek (Allium porrum) and its wild relatives from the Allium ampeloprasum complex (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Leek ; Allium ampeloprasum complex ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Domestication ; Interspecific hybridization ; Breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Mitochondrial (mt) DNA variation in the cultigens leek, kurrat and prei-anak is limited compared to that of their wild relatives in the Allium ampeloprasum complex. The phylogenetic relationships among these cultigens and their wild relatives is quite close, with the majority of the species clustering within one mitochondrial clade. The presence in leek of an extra-mitochondrial genetic element was noted. Analysis of crossability showed that all species were interfertile with leek. It is suggested that the genetic variation present within the A. ampeloprasum complex could be exploited in order to broaden the genetic basis of leek.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050438
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AFLP linkage group assignment to the chromosomes of Allium cepa L. via monosomic addition lines (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 480-486 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Allium cepa ; Monosomic addition lines ; AFLP™ ; CAPS ; Isozymes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Two complete sets of Allium fistulosum L.– A. cepa monosomic addition lines (2n=2x+1=17) together with an AFLP linkage map based on a cross between A. cepa and A. roylei Stearn were used to re-evaluate the eight A. cepa linkage groups identified in the mapping study. The linkage groups could be assigned to individual, physical chromosomes. The low level of molecular homology between A. cepa and A. fistulosum enabled the identification of 186 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP™ markers) present in A. cepa and not in A. fistulosum with ten different primer combinations. With the monosomic addition lines the distribution of the markers over the eight chromosomes of A. cepa could be determined. Of these 186 AFLP markers 51 were absent in A. roylei and consequently used as markers in the mapping study (A. cepa ×A. roylei cross). Therefore, these 51 AFLP markers could be used to assign the eight A. cepa linkage groups identified in the mapping study to physical chromosomes. Seven isozyme and three CAPS markers were also included. Two of the linkage groups had to be split because they included two sets of markers corresponding to different chromosomes. A total of 20 (approx. 10%) of the A. cepa-specific AFLP markers were amplified in more than one type of the monosomic addition lines, suggesting unlinked duplications. The co-dominant isozyme and CAPS markers were used to identify the correspondence of linkage groupsoriginating from A. cepa or from A. roylei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050062
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetical studies in the bridge cross Allium cepa× (A. fistulosum×A. roylei) (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 96 (1998), S. 8-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Onion ; Introgression ; Multi-colour genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) ; Interspecific crosses ; Wild species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   Allium fistulosum harbours a number of desirable agronomical traits for the breeding of onions. However exploitation of A. fistulosum for onion breeding via direct sexual hybridization is problematic. Therefore, we examined if a bridge cross, using A. roylei as a bridging species, might provide an alternative. By means of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) we showed that each of the three parental genomes can be distinguished from the others in interspecific hybrids, suggesting that these genomes contain sufficiently different repetitive DNA families. We succeeded in carrying out multi-colour GISH to metaphase spreads of a first-generation bridge-cross individual [A. cepa× (A. fistulosum×A. roylei], which is composed of three parental genomes. Recombination between the genomes of A. fistulosum and A. roylei took place to a large extent: 7 recombined chromosomes were observed, and it could be shown that the proximal regions of the recombined A. fistulosum/A. roylei chromosomes belonged to the former, whereas the distal parts belonged to the latter. The high percentage of bound bivalent arms in metaphase I of pollen mother cells of a fertile bridge-cross individual suggests the introgression of A. fistulosum genes, mediated by A. roylei, into the genome of A. cepa. However, the presence of univalents reflects decreased pairing and recombination between the three genomes. Pollen fertility and pollen-tube growth of the first-generation bridge-cross individual seem to be sufficient to produce a second generation bridge-cross (A. cepa×first-generation bridge cross) progeny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050702
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protoplast culture and regeneration from Brassica oleracea ‘rapid cycling’ and other varieties (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 35 (1993), S. 107-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Brassica oleracea ; protoplast ; plating efficiency ; plant regeneration ; ‘rapid cycling’ ; var. Botrytis ; var. gemmifera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The results are reported for the first time on successful plant regeneration from mesophyll-derived protoplasts of ‘rapid cycling’ B. oleracea. Comparative data were also presented on plant regeneration from mesophyll-derived protoplasts of two other varieties namely var. botrytis and var. gemmifera. It was found that a modified Pelletier (Pelletier et al. 1983) protocol is highly beneficial for protoplast culture and plant regeneration from mesophyll-derived protoplasts. The plating efficiency of B. oleracea ‘rapid cycling’ protoplasts was, in the best combination of isolation method, culture technique and culture media 4.5%±0.4% and the plant regeneration frequency approximately 15%. Plant regeneration was further improved by transferring the calli from the D medium of Pelletier to a callus growth medium (MS11) and subsequently to the K3 regeneration medium of Glimelius (Glimelius 1984). Various factors influencing plating efficiency and plant regeneration from mesophyll protoplasts of B. oleracea are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00032959
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AFLPs in leek ( Allium porrum) are not inherited in large linkage blocks (1999)
    Springer
    Euphytica 110 (1999), S. 127-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: AFLP ; chiasma localisation ; leek ; linkage map ; recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Genetic linkages of 1:1 segregating amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLPTM) markers in leek (2n=4x=32) were studied with the aim of detecting block inheritance resulting from strong suppression of crossing over in chromosomal arms. The study comprised 97 markers in 70 plants originating from a cross between two highly heterozygous parents. At LOD≥3, 52 markers were linked in 23 linkage groups, spanning 405 of an expected 6400 cM. Cytogenetic data in previous studies indicated that recombination may be suppressed in two-thirds of the leek genome, supposedly leading to large linkage blocks of markers. In the present study, however, comparison of AFLP linkages with simulations indicates that the linkage blocks are much smaller, comprising no more than one-third of the leek genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003728808682
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