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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsatellite Evolution: Testing the Ascertainment Bias Hypothesis (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 46 (1998), S. 256-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Key words: Microsatellite — Sheep — Cattle — Ascertainment bias
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Previous studies suggest the median allele length of microsatellites is longest in the species from which the markers were derived, suggesting that an ascertainment bias was operating. We have examined whether the size distribution of microsatellite alleles between sheep and cattle is source dependent using a set of 472 microsatellites that can be amplified in both species. For those markers that were polymorphic in both species we report a significantly greater number of markers (P 〈 0.001) with longer median allele sizes in sheep, regardless of microsatellite origin. This finding suggests that any ascertainment bias operating during microsatellite selection is only a minor contributor to the variation observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006301
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative mapping of human Chromosome 2 identifies segments of conserved synteny near the bovine mh locus (1997)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 8 (1997), S. 751-755 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The ``double-muscling'' (mh) locus has been localized to an interval between the centromere and the microsatellite marker TGLA44 on bovine Chromosome (Chr) 2 (BTA2). We identified segments of conserved synteny that correspond to this region of BTA2 by assigning large genomic clones containing bovine homologs of seven genes from the long arm of human Chr 2 (HSA2q). Polymorphic markers developed from these clones integrated the physical and linkage maps of BTA2 from 2q12 to 2q44 and extended genetic coverage towards the centromere. This comparative analysis suggests the mh locus resides on HSA2q near both the protein C and collagen type III alpha-1 genes. Overall, our data reveal a complex rearrangement of gene order between BTA2q12-44 and HSA2q14-37 that underscores the need to establish boundaries of conserved synteny when applying comparative mapping information to identify genes or traits of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359900559
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anchoring of bovine Chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 10, and 14 linkage group telomeric ends via FISH analysis of lambda clones (1997)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 8 (1997), S. 333 -336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report the placement of 34 new microsatellite (ms) markers, isolated from a lambda phage genomic clone library, on the bovine genetic map by linkage to published markers. Five of these markers lie at or near the ends of linkage groups and are used to establish chromosomal coverage and orientation. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis demonstrates that the linkage groups on the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (MARC) map extend to the telomeric region of Chromosomes (Chrs) 7 and 10. Linkage groups on Chrs 4, 6, and 14 appear to be less inclusive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359900434
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myostatin maps to the interval containing the bovine mh locus (1997)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 8 (1997), S. 742-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Myostatin (GDF-8) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily and plays a role in muscle growth and development. Mice having targeted disruption of this gene display marked increases in muscle mass, a phenotype similar to the muscular hypertrophy (mh) in several cattle breeds. Physical mapping data developed from YAC clones indicate the bovine myostatin gene lies close to the centromere of bovine Chromosome (Chr) 2 (BTA2) at 2q11, indistinguishable from the cytogenetic location of the mh locus. In addition, a polymorphism in the second intron of the gene was used to show that myostatin maps within the interval previously shown to contain mh. These data suggest myostatin may be the gene causing muscular hypertrophy in cattle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359900557
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative map alignment of BTA27 and HSA4 and 8 to identify conserved segments of genome containing fat deposition QTL (2000)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 11 (2000), S. 682-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with fat deposition have been identified on bovine Chromosome 27 (BTA27) in two different cattle populations. To generate more informative markers for verification and refinement of these QTL-containing intervals, we initiated construction of a BTA27 comparative map. Fourteen genes were selected for mapping based on previously identified regions of conservation between the cattle and human genomes. Markers were developed from the bovine orthologs of genes found on human Chromosomes 1 (HSA1), 4, 8, and 14. Twelve genes were mapped on the bovine linkage map by using markers associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms or microsatellites. Seven of these genes were also anchored to the physical map by assignment of fluorescence in situ hybridization probes. The remaining two genes not associated with an identifiable polymorphism were assigned only to the physical map. In all, seven genes were mapped to BTA27. Map information generated from the other seven genes not syntenic with BTA27 refined the breakpoint locations of conserved segments between species and revealed three areas of disagreement with the previous comparative map. Consequently, portions of HSA1 and 14 are not conserved on BTA27, and a previously undefined conserved segment corresponding to HSA8p22 was identified near the pericentromeric region of BTA8. These results show that BTA27 contains two conserved segments corresponding to HSA8p, which are separated by a segment corresponding to HSA4q. Comparative map alignment strongly suggests the conserved segment orthologous to HSA8p21-q11 contains QTL for fat deposition in cattle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003350010130
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A second-generation linkage map of the sheep genome (1998)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 9 (1998), S. 204-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A genetic map of Ovis aries (haploid n = 27) was developed with 519 markers (504 microsatellites) spanning ∼3063 cM in 26 autosomal linkage groups and 127 cM (female specific) of the X Chromosome (Chr). Genotypic data were merged from the IMF flock (Crawford et al., Genetics 140, 703, 1995) and the USDA mapping flock. Seventy-three percent (370/504) of the microsatellite markers on the map are common to the USDA-ARS MARC cattle linkage map, with 27 of the common markers derived from sheep. The number of common markers per homologous linkage group ranges from 5 to 22 and spans a total of 2866 cM (sex average) in sheep and 2817 cM in cattle. Marker order within a linkage group was consistent between the two species with limited exceptions. The reported translocation between the telomeric end of bovine Chr 9 (BTA 9) and BTA 14 to form ovine Chr 9 is represented by a 15-cM region containing 5 common markers. The significant genomic conservation of marker order will allow use of linkage maps in both species to facilitate the search for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in cattle and sheep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359900726
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery and linkage mapping of bovine cytokine genes (1999)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 10 (1999), S. 1062-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Polymorphic markers at bovine gene loci facilitate the integration of cattle genetic maps with those of humans and mice. To this end, 31 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were developed for seven bovine chemokine genes. Loci were amplified from bovine genomic DNA by the polymerase chain reaction, and candidate amplicons were sequenced to determine their identity. Amplified loci from 24 founding parents and select progeny from a beef cattle reference population were sequenced and analyzed for SNPs. SNP haplotype alleles were determined by examining segregation patterns and used to establish the locus position on the bovine linkage map. Loci for growth-related proteins (GRO3, GRO1, and GROX) were clustered with the related CXC chemokine genes, interleukin (IL) 8, and epithelial cell inflammatory protein 1, at 84 cM from the centromeric end of the bovine chromosome (BTA) 6 linkage group. Bovine loci for a cluster of IL8 receptors, a stromal cell-derived factor 1, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α were mapped at 90, 55, 59, and 34 cM, respectively, from the centromeric ends of the BTA 2, 28, 5, and 23 linkage groups. The positions of these bovine loci were compared with those of orthologous loci on the human map to refine the boundaries of conserved synteny. These seven loci provide examples of SNP development in which the efficiency was largely dependent on the availability of bovine genomic or cDNA sequence. The polymorphic nature of these SNP haplotype markers suggests that they will be useful for mapping complex traits in cattle, such as resistance to infectious disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359901162
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative mapping of the ovine clpg locus (2000)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 11 (2000), S. 871-876 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We used a comparative mapping approach to identify segments of conserved synteny between human Chromosome 14 (HSA14), bovine Chromosome 21 (BTA21), and the portion of ovine Chromosome 18 (OAR18) that contains the clpg locus. A bovine radiation hybrid map of the region was constructed with available Type II genetic markers and seven candidate genes to establish the comparative interval between BTA21 and HSA14. We developed polymorphic microsatellite and SNP markers associated with five candidate genes and placed them on the ovine and/or bovine genetic maps by multipoint linkage analysis. Three additional genes were mapped by virtue of their physical linkage to genetically mapped makers. Development of integrated linkage and physical maps facilitates the selection of positional candidate genes from the gene rich human map. The physically linked candidate genes PREF-1 and MEG3 map to the interval containing the clpg locus. Comparative biology suggests imprinting of MEG3 and/or the influences of PREF-1 on cellular differentiation, should be examined for their role in the parent-of-origin dependent influence of mutant clpg alleles on sheep muscle characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003350010150
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and genetic mapping of bovine chemokine genes expressed in epithelial cells (1999)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 10 (1999), S. 128-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. RNA fingerprinting by arbitrarily primed (RAP)-PCR was used to identify two bovine genes that were differentially expressed in epithelial cells during an inflammatory response. RNA fingerprints revealed two differentially amplified transcripts when monolayers of Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells were stimulated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in combination with cycloheximide (CX). Sequence analysis showed that both transcripts encoded members of the alpha C-X-C chemokine family; one was interleukin 8 (IL-8), and the other was a protein closely related to bovine growth-regulated protein (GRO)-γ (89% identical). The latter putative epithelial cell inflammatory protein was designated ECIP-1. IL-8 and ECIP-1 genes were placed on the cattle genetic map with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers amplified from genomic DNA. Multi-point linkage analysis indicated that the gene locations were indistinguishable from those of serum albumin (ALB) and vitamin D-binding protein (GC) on bovine Chromosome (BTA) 6. In humans, ALB and GC are located near IL-8, GRO-γ, and seven other alpha chemokines on Chr 4 (HSA 4q11-4q13), suggesting that this gene cluster has been conserved on BTA6. These results provide a starting point for characterizing allelic variation in chemokine genes and their role in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections in cattle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003359900957
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  • 10
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    Anchoring of bovine chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 10, and 14 linkage group telomeric ends via FISH analysis of lambda clones (1997)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0938-8990
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1777
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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