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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Observations on the Morphology and Division of Balantidium coli and Balantidium caviae (?) (1958)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 5 (1958), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Studies of the body ciliature of Balantidium coli and B. caviae (?) after Breslau's opal-blue and Klein's silver nitrate techniques revealed a preoral-dorsal suture area where some of the ciliary rows fail to reach the peristomial margin. The incomplete kineties ranged up to a dozen in number and were variable in arrangement. In a count of 100 specimens of B. caviae (?) the incomplete kineties were at the right of the suture in 39, at the left in 24 and on both sides of the suture line in 37. At the posterior end not many kineties reach the pole but no sutural pattern was seen in that region. Scattered irregularities in the ciliary rows were sometimes seen.Studies of the oral region tend to confirm the view of Fauré-Fremiet that the peristomial ciliature consists of short rows of cilia which are continuations of the anterior body kineties. Membranelles were not found. Thus, some species of Balantidium, at least, show affinities with the Holotricha in agreement with Nie and Fauré-Fremiet.Fission commonly produces two equal-sized daughters but many cases of unequal division were observed. In both these species conjugants are much smaller than vegetative animals and two preconjugant divisions are indicated, the first of which may be unequal.During the early stages of fission, the anterior ends of the kineties of the posterior daughter change direction, becoming oblique in the fission zone. In this region the kinetosomes multiply; possibly some of the kineties also divide but evidence for this is incomplete. No evidence of reorganization at the anterior end of the anterior daughter was seen.Attempts to infect hamsters with B. coli and B. caviae (?) failed. No parasites were found in two collared peccaries repeatedly examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1958.tb02551.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple Methods for Purifying Balantidia (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Two methods for purifying balantidia are described. The first one may be applied to cultures which are not thriving when it is desirable to keep the purified ciliates without loss in number. Another method may be used for bulk material such as intestinal contents containing these ciliates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb04373.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abnormal Infraciliatures of Balantidium coli and B. caviae (?) and Some Morphological Observations on These Species (1959)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 6 (1959), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Balantidium coli was cultured for 4 months in Dobell-Laidlaw's medium. About 10 specimens of monsters were found in the preparations (Chatton-Lwoff silver impregnation technique). One individual showed a tendency to polystomy. One doublet of Balantidium caviae (?) in preparations treated by the same technique was found in a population from a guinea pig.The monsters of Balantidium coli are either single distomic individuals or doublets (homopolar or heteropolar).The infraciliature of the monsters shows different degrees of deviation from the normal pattern. No reorganization field during the formation of additional cytostomes was observed, which agrees with the data on normal stomatogenesis. This process is very similar in both normal specimens and monsters and is characterized by the arrangement of radiating kineties surrounding the anlage of the cytostome and, evidently, by invagination of this area which later forms the peristome. The fate of single monsters and that of homopelar doublets is unknown. The heteropolar monsters are considered non-viable because the arrangement of the kineties in both presumptive daughters contradicts the rule of desmodexy (Chatton-Lwoff).The occurrence of the monsters in cultures may possibly be explained by the action of acriflavine which is mutagenic for Escherichia coli, or by gentian-violet which inhibits fission of sea urchin eggs.This paper apparently constitutes the first presentation of anomalies of the infraciliature in parasitic ciliates.In addition the exact arrangement of the kineties and kinetosomes at the posterior pole of Balantidium coli is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1959.tb03928.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observations on the Morphology and Division of Eudiplodinium neglectum Dogiel (Ciliata Entodiniomorpha) from the Stomach of a Moose (Alces americana). (1955)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 2 (1955), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. The material containing the ciliate Eudiplodinium neglectum Dog. from the rumen of a moose was fixed with 4% formalin solution and studied both unstained and after staining with methylene blue or methyl green.This ciliate is closely related to Eudiplodinium neglectum Dog. (1925) formae spectabile Dog. (1925) and impalae Dog. (1925), but differs from them in the presence of a transverse cuticular line. The form of the macronucleus of the investigated ciliates is regularly elongated clavate, the anterior end being wider than the posterior one. The following measurements were obtained from 14 specimens: length 81.3 μ (67.2–112 μ), width 66.2 μ (48.8–84 μ).During division the anterior daughter gets the old skeletal plate and a new one arises de novo in the posterior daughter. The anlage of a new skeletal plate for the posterior daughter was observed in earlier and later telophases, first as an indistinct structure, later as a group of a variable number of granules, more often about 30. This anlage gradually grew into a typical skeletal plate. The anlage of the pharynx in the posterior daughter was seen in later telophases. A part of the distal end of the old skeletal plate (one, two or five rectangular prisms belonging to this organelle) and a part of the distal end of the old oesophagus are possibly cut off during division and dissolved in the protoplasm of the posterior daughter. A crossing of the distal end of the old skeletal plate by the division plane was observed only in those specimens in which this part consisted of one row of the rectangular skeletal prisms and was not found in the specimens with a shaft of the skeletal plate consisting of two rows of polygons. In later division stages a bending of the old skeletal plate takes place.The morphological plasticity of the skeletal plate (loss of the distal part and subsequent bending of this organelle during the division of the ciliate) observed by the present writer and its dynamic reversibility (disappearing during starvation and thickening under satisfactory feeding conditions, reported by Westphal) confirm the assumption that the skeletal lamina functions primarily as a storage organelle. Some cases of destruction and defective development of the old skeletal plate were observed.The presence of fat in some specimens of E. neglectum Dog. is noted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1955.tb02412.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The silver-line system of chilodonella cyprini (moroff) (1953)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 92 (1953), S. 79-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1050920104
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