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  • 1
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    Search for Two-Photon Interaction with Axionlike Particles Using High-Repetition Pulsed Magnets and Synchrotron X Rays (2017)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-17
    Description: Author(s): T. Inada, T. Yamazaki, T. Namba, S. Asai, T. Kobayashi, K. Tamasaku, Y. Tanaka, Y. Inubushi, K. Sawada, M. Yabashi, T. Ishikawa, A. Matsuo, K. Kawaguchi, K. Kindo, and H. Nojiri We report on new results of a search for a two-photon interaction with axionlike particles (ALPs). The experiment is carried out at a synchrotron radiation facility using a “light shining through a wall (LSW)” technique. For this purpose, we develop a novel pulsed-magnet system, composed of multiple… [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 071803] Published Thu Feb 16, 2017
    Keywords: Elementary Particles and Fields
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 2
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    Purification and molecular cloning of aspartic proteinases from the stomach of adult Japanese fire belly newts, Cynops pyrrhogaster (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-23
    Description: Six aspartic proteinase precursors, a pro-cathepsin E (ProCatE) and five pepsinogens (Pgs), were purified from the stomach of adult newts ( Cynops pyrrhogaster ). On sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the molecular weights of the Pgs and active enzymes were 37–38 kDa and 31–34 kDa, respectively. The purified ProCatE was a dimer whose subunits were connected by a disulphide bond. cDNA cloning by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent phylogenetic analysis revealed that three of the purified Pgs were classified as PgA and the remaining two were classified as PgBC belonging to C-type Pg. Our results suggest that PgBC is one of the major constituents of acid protease in the urodele stomach. We hypothesize that PgBC is an amphibian-specific Pg that diverged during its evolutional lineage. PgBC was purified and characterized for the first time. The purified urodele pepsin A was completely inhibited by equal molar units of pepstatin A. Conversely, the urodele pepsin BC had low sensitivity to pepstatin A. In acidic condition, the activation rates of newt pepsin A and BC were similar to those of mammalian pepsin A and C1, respectively. Our results suggest that the enzymological characters that distinguish A- and C-type pepsins appear to be conserved in mammals and amphibians.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 3
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    Genome-Wide SNP Analysis Reveals Population Structure and Demographic History of the Ryukyu Islanders in the Southern Part of the Japanese Archipelago (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-26
    Description: The Ryukyu Islands are located to the southwest of the Japanese archipelago. Archaeological evidence has revealed the existence of prehistoric cultural differentiation between the northern Ryukyu islands of Amami and Okinawa, and the southern Ryukyu islands of Miyako and Yaeyama. To examine a genetic subdivision in the Ryukyu Islands, we conducted genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism typing of inhabitants from the Okinawa Islands, the Miyako Islands, and the Yaeyama Islands. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed genetic differentiation among the island groups, especially between Okinawa and Miyako. No genetic affinity was observed between aboriginal Taiwanese and any of the Ryukyu populations. The genetic differentiation observed between the inhabitants of the Okinawa Islands and the Miyako Islands is likely to have arisen due to genetic drift rather than admixture with people from neighboring regions. Based on the observed genetic differences, the divergence time between the inhabitants of Okinawa and Miyako islands was dated to the Holocene. These findings suggest that the Pleistocene inhabitants, whose bones have been found on the southern Ryukyu Islands, did not make a major genetic contribution, if any, to the present-day inhabitants of the southern Ryukyu Islands.
    Print ISSN: 0737-4038
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-1719
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Nucleotide-dependent single- to double-headed binding of kinesin (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-02-07
    Description: The motility of kinesin motors is explained by a "hand-over-hand" model in which two heads of kinesin alternately repeat single-headed and double-headed binding with a microtubule. To investigate the binding mode of kinesin at the key nucleotide states during adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis, we measured the mechanical properties of a single kinesin-microtubule complex by applying an external load with optical tweezers. Both the unbinding force and the elastic modulus in solutions containing AMP-PNP (an ATP analog) were twice the value of those in nucleotide-free solution or in the presence of both AMP-PNP and adenosine 5'-diphosphate. Thus, kinesin binds through two heads in the former and one head in the latter two states, which supports a major prediction of the hand-over-hand model.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kawaguchi, K -- Ishiwata, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jan 26;291(5504):667-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physics, School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11158681" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate/*metabolism ; Animals ; Cattle ; Elasticity ; Kinesin/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Microtubules/metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Swine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Quantum oscillations of electrical resistivity in an insulator (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-05
    Description: In metals, orbital motions of conduction electrons on the Fermi surface are quantized in magnetic fields, which is manifested by quantum oscillations in electrical resistivity. This Landau quantization is generally absent in insulators. Here, we report a notable exception in an insulator—ytterbium dodecaboride (YbB 12 ). The resistivity of YbB 12 , which is of a much larger magnitude than the resistivity in metals, exhibits distinct quantum oscillations. These unconventional oscillations arise from the insulating bulk, even though the temperature dependence of the oscillation amplitude follows the conventional Fermi liquid theory of metals with a large effective mass. Quantum oscillations in the magnetic torque are also observed, albeit with a lighter effective mass.
    Keywords: Physics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Oscillatory control of factors determining multipotency and fate in mouse neural progenitors (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-11-02
    Description: The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors Ascl1/Mash1, Hes1, and Olig2 regulate fate choice of neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, respectively. These same factors are coexpressed by neural progenitor cells. Here, we found by time-lapse imaging that these factors are expressed in an oscillatory manner by mouse neural progenitor cells. In each differentiation lineage, one of the factors becomes dominant. We used optogenetics to control expression of Ascl1 and found that, although sustained Ascl1 expression promotes neuronal fate determination, oscillatory Ascl1 expression maintains proliferating neural progenitor cells. Thus, the multipotent state correlates with oscillatory expression of several fate-determination factors, whereas the differentiated state correlates with sustained expression of a single factor.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Imayoshi, Itaru -- Isomura, Akihiro -- Harima, Yukiko -- Kawaguchi, Kyogo -- Kori, Hiroshi -- Miyachi, Hitoshi -- Fujiwara, Takahiro -- Ishidate, Fumiyoshi -- Kageyama, Ryoichiro -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Dec 6;342(6163):1203-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1242366. Epub 2013 Oct 31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24179156" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Astrocytes/cytology/metabolism ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Homeodomain Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Multipotent Stem Cells/*physiology ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells/*physiology ; *Neurogenesis ; Neurons/cytology/metabolism ; Oligodendroglia/cytology/metabolism ; Optogenetics ; Telencephalon/cytology/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectroscopy of NH+: An analysis of the perturbation between the X 2Π and a 4Σ− states (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 4584-4591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The v=1–0 vibration–rotation transitions in the X 2Π and a 4Σ− states as well as those between the two electronic states were observed with a difference frequency laser as a radiation source. The two electronic states (X 2Π and a 4Σ−) lie close together and interact each other strongly through the spin–orbit coupling. A merged least-squares fit was carried out with the present infrared transition wave numbers, some of the previous optical term values, and the recent far-infrared rotational transition frequencies to determine the spectroscopic parameters precisely. The equilibrium internuclear distance was obtained to be 1.0692±0.0002 and 1.0924±0.0001 A(ring) for the X and a states, respectively. The Λ-type doubling transition frequencies were calculated for several of the lowest J states with the molecular constants obtained and the hyperfine coupling constants determined from the far-infrared transitions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.453771
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variable-angle ultraviolet total-internal-reflection fluorescence spectroscopy using a white excitation light source (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3520-3526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An apparatus for variable-angle ultraviolet total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) spectroscopy is described. TIRF spectroscopy is an analytical technique based on the excitation of fluorescence from a sample by means of an exponentially decaying surface energy wave. The limited penetration depth of the excitation volume results in excitation of fluorescence only near the sample/substrate interface. The angular spectrum makes TIRF spectroscopy suitable for obtaining quantitative information on the depth profile of a sample. In the instrument described here, precise positioning of incident optics with correction of the chromatic aberration due to the xenon light source enables the measurement of the excitation spectrum. The system provides the fluorescence and excitation spectra for study of the physical and chemical properties of thin-film structures. The incident- and observation-angle dependences of those spectra give important information on the depth profiles of the fluorophores in the samples. The performance of the instrument is demonstrated with thin polymer films containing a fluorescent probe of pyrene. Pyrene monomer is found to form the nonuniform depth profile different from that of pyrene excimer. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145464
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization of a CuO/MgO artificially superstructured film by the x-ray diffraction method (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1952-1955 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A CuO/MgO epitaxial artificially superstructured film [CuO(50 A(ring))/MgO(40 A(ring))]40 was successfully grown and its structure was studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The film was found to have a texture in which the (111) planes of monoclinic CuO and the (001) planes of cubic MgO were layered perpendicular to the film plane. Its lateral structure was revealed by precession photographs where the CuO [101¯] axis is oriented approximately along the MgO [100] axis in the film plane. The XRD pattern, observed over a wide range of scattering vectors perpendicular to the film plane, was carefully analyzed by an extended step model. The fluctuation of the superlattice period was estimated to be as small as 1 A(ring).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356343
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of layered CuO in CuO/Al2O3 and CuO/MgO multilayers (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 1189-1193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mössbauer spectra of 57Fe-doped polycrystalline CuO/Al2O3 multilayers (CAOs) show magnetic ordering at liquid helium temperature. The Néel temperature of a CAO with thin CuO layers is lower than that of bulk CuO judged from the temperature dependence of the Mössbauer spectra. A paramagnetic component was observed in all magnetic susceptibility measurements of the multilayers. The component also exists in both polycrystalline and epitaxial CuO/MgO multilayers. We have found that the component was localized at interfaces and derived from the spin fluctuation effect. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358984
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