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  • 1
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and coral primary production (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: While research on ocean acidification (OA) impacts on coral reefs has focused on calcification, relatively little is known about effects on coral photosynthesis and respiration, despite these being among the most plastic metabolic processes corals may use to acclimatize to adverse conditions. Here, we present data collected between 2016 and 2018 at three natural CO2 seeps in Papua New Guinea where we measured the metabolic flexibility (i.e. in hospite photosynthesis and dark respiration) of 12 coral species. Despite some species-specific variability, metabolic rates as measured by net oxygen flux tended to be higher at high pCO2 (ca 1200 µatm), with increases in photosynthesis exceeding those of respiration, suggesting greater productivity of Symbiodiniaceae photosynthesis in hospite, and indicating the potential for metabolic flexibility that may enable these species to thrive in environments with high pCO2. However, laboratory and field observations of coral mortality under high CO2 conditions associated with coral bleaching suggests that this metabolic subsidy does not result in coral higher resistance to extreme thermal stress. Therefore, the combined effects of OA and global warming may lead to a strong decrease in coral diversity despite the stimulating effect on coral productivity of OA alone.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard deviation; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard deviation; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a+c2; CO2 vent; Coast and continental shelf; Entire community; Field observation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross photosynthesis/respiration ratio; Gross photosynthesis rate, oxygen; Location; Net photosynthesis rate, oxygen; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; pH, standard deviation; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Rocky-shore community; Salinity; Site; South Pacific; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Surface area; Symbiont cell density; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard deviation; Tropical; Type of study
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 15510 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Thermal performance of scleractinian corals along a latitudinal gradient on the Great Barrier Reef (2019)
    The Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-17
    Description: Species have evolved different mechanisms to cope with spatial and temporal temperature variability. Species with broad geographical distributions may be thermal generalists that perform well across a broad range of temperatures, or they might contain subpopulations of locally adapted thermal specialists. We quantified the variation in thermal performance of two coral species, Porites cylindrica and Acropora spp., along a latitudinal gradient over which temperature varies by approximately 6°C. Photosynthesis rates, respiration rates, maximum quantum yield and maximum electron transport rates were measured on coral fragments exposed to an acute temperature increase and decrease up to 5°C above and below the local average temperature. Results showed geographical variation in the performance curves of both species at holobiont and symbiont level, but this did not lead to an alignment of the optimal temperature for performance with the average temperature of the local environment, suggesting suboptimal coral performance of these coral populations in summer. Furthermore, symbiont thermal performance generally had an optimum closer to the average environmental temperature than holobiont performance, suggesting that symbionts have a higher capacity for acclimatization than the coral host, and can aid the coral host when temperatures are unfavourable. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Physiological diversity, biodiversity patterns and global climate change: testing key hypotheses involving temperature and oxygen’.
    Print ISSN: 0962-8436
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2970
    Topics: Biology
    Published by The Royal Society
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Seasonal acclimation of thermal performance in two species of reef-building corals (2020)
    Inter-Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Thermal performance curves describe the relationship between temperature and the rate of biological processes. These relationships can vary among species and environments, allowing organisms to acclimatize to their local thermal regime. This study quantified the seasonal variation in the thermal performance of several coral and symbiont-dominated physiological traits for the thermally tolerant coral species Porites cylindrica and the thermally sensitive coral species Acropora valenciennesi. Photosynthesis rates, respiration rates, maximum photosystem II (PSII) quantum yield and electron transport rates were measured in winter and summer on coral fragments exposed to an acute temperature increase and decrease up to 5°C above and below the average seawater temperature in each season. Results showed that colonies of A. valenciennesi acclimated primarily by shifting their optimal temperature to a higher temperature in summer, whereas colonies of P. cylindrica had broader thermal breadth during summer. For symbionts within both species, performance was higher at all temperatures in summer, while the thermal optima and performance breadth remained unchanged. Despite these changes in thermal performance, the thermal optima of most traits did not match the ambient environmental temperature, but fell between the summer and winter temperatures. Overall, these results showed that both coral species were physiologically plastic in response to temperature change, but that there are constraints on the rate or capacity for acclimation that prevent a perfect match between the average temperature of the environment and the thermal optimum of the species.
    Print ISSN: 0171-8630
    Electronic ISSN: 1616-1599
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Inter-Research
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    High p CO 2 promotes coral primary production (2019)
    The Royal Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-01
    Description: While research on ocean acidification (OA) impacts on coral reefs has focused on calcification, relatively little is known about effects on coral photosynthesis and respiration, despite these being among the most plastic metabolic processes corals may use to acclimatize to adverse conditions. Here, we present data collected between 2016 and 2018 at three natural CO 2 seeps in Papua New Guinea where we measured the metabolic flexibility (i.e. in hospite photosynthesis and dark respiration) of 12 coral species. Despite some species-specific variability, metabolic rates as measured by net oxygen flux tended to be higher at high p CO 2 ( ca 1200 µatm), with increases in photosynthesis exceeding those of respiration, suggesting greater productivity of Symbiodiniaceae photosynthesis in hospite , and indicating the potential for metabolic flexibility that may enable these species to thrive in environments with high p CO 2 . However, laboratory and field observations of coral mortality under high CO 2 conditions associated with coral bleaching suggests that this metabolic subsidy does not result in coral higher resistance to extreme thermal stress. Therefore, the combined effects of OA and global warming may lead to a strong decrease in coral diversity despite the stimulating effect on coral productivity of OA alone.
    Print ISSN: 1744-9561
    Electronic ISSN: 1744-957X
    Topics: Biology
    Published by The Royal Society
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  • 5
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    Inhibition of HIV-1 Infectivity by Phosphate-Methylated DNA: Retraction (1990)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-10-05
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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    PAPER CURRENT
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