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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 218 (1968), S. 1217-1223 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Reconstruction of 70S particles from 30S and 50S ribosomes requires both messenger RNA and peptidyl-tRNA. Experiments with poly A and oligolysyl-tRNA show that assembly proceeds through a labile 30S-poly A-polylysyl-tRNA complex which is stabilized by addition of 50S ...
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 79 (1971), S. 59-68 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In exponentially growing cultures of the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa the number of gas vacuoles per cell decreases and reaches a value of 4.5×103 at 1.2×107 cells per ml. The assembly of gas vacuoles with respect to number and length was followed after the organelles were caused to collapse by a pulse of ultrasound. The change in the number N of gas vacuoles per cell is N=224.8×t 0.757, 0〈t〈24 h. After 24 h 50% of the value of non-sonicated cultures is reached. The changes in the length L of the organelles is expressed by L=87.06 ×t 0.4084, 0〈t〈24 h. After 24 h 85% of the control value is reached.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 53 (1966), S. 50-58 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Hohlspindeln aus Oscillatoria rubescens enthalten in ihrem Innern ein Gas und sind die Elemente der lichtmikroskopisch beobachtbaren Gas- oder Pseudovacuolen. Sie können mit Hilfe der Dichtegradienten-zentrifugation von den Thylakoiden, die den photosynthetischen Apparat enthalten, und den anderen Strukturen abgetrennt werden. Zwar verlieren sie bei der Isolation ihre Spindelform, doch besitzen die entstandenen Blasen eine mit Osmium stabilisierbare Membran, an deren Aufbau die zwei Polyene β-Carotin und 4-Keto-β-Carotin und vermutlich Fettsäuren beteiligt sind.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 50 (1965), S. 211-245 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Blue-green algae ; Gas vesicles ; Gas vacuoles ; Pseudovacuoles ; Growth ; Photosynthesis ; Oxygen evolution ; Pigments ; Light shielding ; Volume regulation ; Free space
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Physiological evidence was obtained for a light shielding role for gas vacuoles inMicrocystis aeruginosa Kuetz. emend. Elenkin, by comparing photosynthetic oxygen evolution, growth behaviour and pigment composition of cells with intact or collapsed gas vacuoles. The oxygen evolution rates were strongly dependent on cell concentration, a maximum rate for cells with intact gas vacuoles occurring at about 1.4×109 cells/ml and for cells with collapsed gas vacuoles at about 2.5×109 cells/ml. By using light saturation curves for oxygen evolution, it was estimated that at low light intensities up to 30% of the photosynthetically useable light was shielded at a cell concentration of 6×108 cells/ml. Collapsing the gas vacuoles twice daily did not alter the initial growth rate of the cultures, but enabled them to reach a higher final cell density. Collapsing of gas vacuoles during growth for about four generations resulted in a lower level of all acetone soluble pigments with a greater relative reduction in carotenoids than in chlorophyll a. Collapse of the gas vacuoles does not alter the cell volume. Various optical interactions which could account for light shielding are discussed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 70 (1970), S. 43-64 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A method involving penicillin treatment was developed to osmotically lyse the cells of the blue-green alga,Microcystis aeruginosa Kuetz. emend. Elenkin, and release the pressure-sensitive gas vacuoles intact. The gas vacuoles were purified by liquid-polymer partitioning or by macromolecular sieving and centrifugation. The degree of purification of the gas vacuoles was followed by observation in the electron microscope and by the use of C14-labeled vacuolated and nonvacuolated strains ofM. aeruginosa. The gas-vacuole membrane is composed of only protein consisting of 10% basic, 18% acidic and 52% non-polar amino acids.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 81 (1972), S. 100-102 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In a cell-free homogenate of the blue-green algaMicrocystis aeruginosa gas vacuoles are assembled within the first half hour after incubation.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Heterocysts of Anabaena cylindrica, isolated rapidly in the cold, were found—in contrast to earlier reports—to contain all of the same lipids and lipophilic pigments, and in about the same proportions, as vegetative cells. In broken filaments and in heterocysts damaged during isolation, the membrane lipids and certain pigments (myxoxanthophyll and an unidentified red pigment) break down rapidly. The glycolipids specific to heterocyst-forming blue-green algae are localized in the laminated layer of the heterocyst envelope. A possible role of the laminated layer is discussed.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 68 (1965), S. 205-216 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Proteasepartikel von Neurospora crassa sind membranumschlossene Kugeln mit einem Durchmesser von 0,15 bis 0,3 μ, die einen dichten Inhalt besitzen. Ihr spezifisches Gewicht ist größer als 1,35 g cm−3 (Dichtegradienten Zentrifugation), der Gehalt an Lezithin gering (Einbau von Cholin-Methyl-C14). 2. In situ sind Proteasepartikel relativ selten unter der Voraussetzung, daß die Hyphen mit anorganischem Stickstoff ernährt werden. In proteinhaltigen Medien, d.h. in Perioden massiver Sekretion von Proteasen liegen Zellabschnitte mit einer großen Zahl von Proteasepartikeln vor. 3. Die Proteasepartikel sind höchst wahrscheinlich Abkömmlinge des endoplasmatischen Retikulums. (Während der Ausscheidungsperiode, d.h. in Perioden der Neubildung von Partikeln, kann saure Protease in einer leichten Membranfraktion mit NADH-Cytochrom Redutase Aktivität festgestellt werden.) 4. Die Proteasepartikel bleiben während ihres Durchtritts durch die Plasmamembran intakt. Sie werden durch Invagination des Plasmalemmas aus dem Cytoplasma eliminiert und in den Raum zwischen Zellwand und Plasmalemma verfrachtet.
    Notes: Summary 1. Protease particles of Neurospora crassa are membranebound spheres with diameters from 0,15 to 0,3 μ; they bear a dense content. The specific density is 〉 1,35 g cm−3 (centrifugation in sucrose density gradients). The amount of lecithin present in protease particles is very small as concluded from the incorporation of choline-methyl-C14. 2. Protease particles are relatively rare in hyphae grown on inorganic nitrogen sources. They become very numerous in certain compartments of the cells during secretion of proteases into proteinous culture media. 3. The protease particles probabely originate from filaments of the endoplasmic reticulum. (During the secretion of proteases a fraction of the intracellular enzyme is recovered in a light membrane fraction with NADH-cytochrome reductase activity.) 4. The protease particles cross the plasmamembrane as intact particles by means of invaginations of the plasmalemma.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A microdroplet spray method is described to determine quantitatively the number of gas vacuoles in purified fractions and in total lysates of the blue-green alga,Microcystis aeruginosa. It is found that 6.45×1012 gas vacuoles of 370 nm length make up one mg of protein. This supports the idea that the entire organelle is made up by a single layer of protein only. The gas vacuole number per cell varies with the stage of growth between 3,700 and 11,000.
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