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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric study of temperature-dependent aerosol OT/water/isooctane microemulsion structure (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 93 (1989), S. 2506-2512 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100343a054
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution of the Percus–Yevick approximation of the multicomponent adhesive spheres system applied to the small angle x-ray scattering from microemulsions (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 4482-4490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper describes the application of the numerical solution of the Percus–Yevick approximation for a multicomponent system of sticky hard spheres to small angle x-ray scattering experiments. The effect of polydispersity on the pair correlation function is quantitatively described, thus enabling the analysis of experimental data. In this way quantitative estimates of the size distribution width, interaction radii and the measure of attraction between particles can be obtained. The attractive interaction in a system of sticky spheres is known to give rise to a transition analogous to a gas–liquid phase transition. The effect of polydispersity on this transition is discussed. Finally it is shown how the model can be used to describe small angle x-ray scattering from an AOT microemulsion system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.456635
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of the composition of the oil phase on the microstructure and dielectric behavior of water-in-oil microemulsions (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 7293-7300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A comparison is made between the clustering process occurring the sodium-di-2-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinate microemulsion in the four organic solvents: n-decane, iso-octane, n-heptane, and n-hexane. The clustering process is studied by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The structural parameters obtained from the analysis of the SAXS experiments using the sticky hard sphere droplet model are used to calculate the dielectric permittivity and are compared with results from the dielectric relaxation experiments. It is found that an increase in the attraction between microemulsion droplets when the chain-length of the solvent molecule is increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459401
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Percolation in oil-continuous microemulsions. A dielectric study of aerosol OT/water/isooctane (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 626-631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The percolation transition in AOT/water/isooctane microemulsions has been studied by means of dielectric spectroscopy. At the percolation threshold the conductivity of the system increases sharply and the static dielectric permittivity attains a large maximum. It is shown that the frequency dependence of the permittivity can be well described by simple scaling relations of percolation theory. The critical exponent u of the frequency dependence has been found to be equal to u=0.62±0.02 and independent of temperature and microemulsion composition. The temperature dependence of the critical volume fraction for percolation has been related to the temperature dependence of the permittivity of the system far away from the percolation threshold.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.451588
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solitary waves and solitons in liquid films (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 2427-2432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We consider weakly dispersive and weakly nonlinear surface waves on liquid films in which long-range interaction forces are operative. As a first approximation, disturbances on both interfaces of the film can be described as a superposition of symmetrical and antisymmetrical waves even when considering nonlinearities. For small, but finite amplitudes, the antisymmetrical waves are free of nonlinearities, whereas for the symmetrical ones a Korteweg–de Vries equation can be derived. Depending on the particular thickness dependence of the long-range interaction forces the symmetrical disturbances lead to solitary waves with negative amplitudes (holes) or with positive amplitudes (intumescences). Taking as an example a soap film, with electrical double layer and London–van der Waals forces as interaction phenomenon, it is shown that observable solitons can be expected. It is put forward that the theory, presented here, is a contribution towards framing more sophisticated theories of liquid film (in)stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.448336
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the hydration of polyoxyethylene at low temperatures by differential scanning calorimetry (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 623-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Polyoxyethylene ; DSC ; water structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract As a part of a study of the colloidal structures present in nonionic ointments, the interaction between polyoxyethylene and water is investigated. A series of mixtures of polyoxyethylene 1550 and water is studied using differential scanning calorimetry. Heating as well as cooling experiments are performed. The effects of the heat of mixing, supercooling and melting point depression on the measured enthalpy changes are discussed. From the non-freezing water fraction it is concluded that 2 water molecules per oxyethylene unit are tightly bound to the polymer chain. The observed differences between the cooling and the heating curves lead to a possible explanation for the alterations in the samples occurring at low temperatures. A hydrate structure of polyoxyethylene at low temperatures is proposed. Finally, comment is made on the phase diagram of the system polyoxyethylene/water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01412602
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the gel structure in a nonionic O/W cream by differential scanning calorimetry (1986)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 691-700 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Gel structure ; nonionic surfactant ; DSC ; O/W cream
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of a simple O/W cream and its separate components were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The results obtained for cetylstearylalcohol agree with those cited in literature. The thermal behaviour of the component poly(oxyethylene)20 glycerolmonostearate (= PGM20) was also investigated. It is pointed out that the thermal history of the PGM20 batch may play an important role in a study concerning the structure of this surfactant. To both components water was added to study the effects of hydration. Hydration affected the transition temperatures of either component. The melting enthalpy per unit mass of cetylstearylalcohol was not influenced, in contrast with the melting enthalpy of the hydrocarbon fraction in PGM20/water mixtures. It is supposed that hydration induces a tilt of the hydrocarbon chains with respect to the lattice plane in lamellar PGM20/water mixtures. Cooling experiments indicated that, in samples containing sufficient water, 2 water molecules were tightly bound to the polyoxyethylene chains of the surfactant. The properties of simple creams containing cetylstearylalcohol, PGM20 and water can be explained regarding their structure and considering the behaviour of the separate components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469530
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    De koffijveilingen der Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij (1866)
    Springer
    De economist 15 (1866), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9982
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02203366
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In search of a hydrological explanation for vegetation changes along a fen gradient in the Biebrza Upper Basin (Poland) (1996)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 124 (1996), S. 191-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Acidification ; Extreme-rich fen ; Hydrology ; Moderate-rich fen ; Succession ; Water and peat chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The understanding of succession from rich fen to poorer fen types requires knowledge of changes in hydrology, water composition, peat chemistry and peat accumulation in the successional process. Water flow patterns, water levels and water chemistry, mineralisation rates and nutrient concentrations in above-ground vegetation were studied along a extreme-rich fen-moderate-rich fen gradient at Biebrza (Poland). The extreme-rich fen was a temporary groundwater discharge area, while in the moderate-rich fen groundwater flows laterally towards the river. The moderate-rich fen has a rainwater lens in spring and significant lower concentrations of calcium and higher concentrations of phosphate in the surface water. Mineralisation rates for N, P and K were higher in the moderate-rich fen. Phosphorus concentrations in plant material of the moderate-rich fen were higher than in the extreme-rich fen, but concentrations of N and K in plant material did not differ between both fen types. Water level dynamics and macro-remains of superficial peat deposits were similar in both fen types. We concluded that the differences observed in the moderate-rich and the extreme-rich fens were caused by subtile differences in the proportion of water sources at the peat surface (rainwater and calcareous groundwater, respectively). Development of an extreme-rich fen into a moderate-rich fen was ascribed to recent changes in river hydrology possibly associated with a change in management practices. The observed differences in P-availability between the fen types did not result in significantly different biomass. Moreover, biomass production in both fen types was primarily N-limited although P-availability was restricted too in the extreme-rich fen. Aulacomnium palustre, the dominant moss in the moderate-rich fen, might be favoured in competition because of its broad nutrient tolerance and its quick establishment after disturbance. It might outcompete low productive rich fen species which were shown to be N-limited in both fens. We present a conceptual model of successional pathways of rich fen vegetation in the Biebrza region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00045494
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abstracts of papers (1984)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 6 (1984), S. 48-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01960199
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