ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibiosis to the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) in wild species of Nicotiana (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 47 (1988), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: host plant resistance ; insect-plant interaction ; nicotine ; N-acylnornicotine ; alkaloid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La resistance aux chenilles de M. sexta a été examinée chez quatre espèces sauvages: Nicotani excelsior Black, N. gossei Domin, N. plumbaginifolia Viviani, et N. stocktonii Brandagee. L'alimentation, la croissance et la mortalité pendant quatre jours d'expérience ont servi d'indices physiologiques de l'action des substances chimiques de la plante. Pour tous les critères utilisés, la résistance de N. stockonii était significativement supérieure. Les méchanismes de la résistance se sont révélés différents pour les quatre espèces examinées. La discussion concerne l'influence du mode d'action des facteurs de résistance et l'espèce présentant le plus de potentialités pour la sélection.
    Notes: Abstract Four wild species of Nicotiana were examined in field experiments for antibiosis toward larvae of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.). The species examined were N. excelsior Black, N. gossei Domin., N. plumbaginifolia Viviani, and N. stocktonii Brandegee. Feeding, growth, and mortality rates were used as physiological indicators of plant defense compounds in a four day bioassay procedure. The magnitude of the resistance in Nicotiana stocktonii was consistently greater by all criteria measured. The mechanisms of resistance appeared to be different among the species tested. In addition, inferences on the mode of action of the resistance factors in the species and the best candidate for a breeding program are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00352213
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of supernumerary molting by starvation in Manduca sexta larvae (1980)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 28 (1980), S. 259-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Studien durchgeführt über die Effekte längeren Hungerns auf die Entwicklung des fünften (letzten) Larvenstadiums bei Manduca sexta. Nach der Häutung wurden die Larven während unterschiedlicher Zeit ohne Nahrung gelassen und dann mit normalem Futter versehen. Der Prozentsatz Häutungen für ein sechstes Larvenstadium nahm mit der Dauer des Hungerns zu, während die Ueberlebensrate abnahm. Wenn Agar als Quelle für Wasser gereicht wurde, wurden beide Effekte vermindert. Die optimalen Verhältnisse für maximales Überleben und zusätzliches Häuten scheinen bei 3 Tagen Hunger mit 0.5–1.0 Gramm Agar am Tage 0 zu sein. Die endokrinologische Basis für die zusätzliche Larvenhäutung wird kurz diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract Studies were carried out on the effects of prolonged starvation on the development of fifth- (last-) instar larvae of the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta. Following ecdysis, larvae were starved for varying lengths of time and subsequently fed normal diet. The percent of starved larvae molting to sixth instars increased, while the percent survival decreased with increasing length of the starvation period. When larvae were provided with agar as a source of water during the starvation period, the percent survival increased, but the percent undergoing supernumerary molting decreased. The optimal condition for maximum survival and supernumerary molting appeared to be 3 days of starvation with 0.5–1.0 g of agar provided on day 0. The endocrine basis for the supernumerary larval molt induced by starvation is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366312
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wild species of Nicotiana as a new source of tobacco resistance to the tobacco hornworm Manduca sexta (1985)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 38 (1985), S. 157-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Manduca sexta ; Nicotiana ; host plant resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La résistance aux chenilles de second stade de Manduca sexta L. a été examinée chez seize espèces de Nicotiana. Les essais ont été conçus pour distinguer absence d'appétance et antibiose. Plusieurs espèces sauvages comme N. gossei et les espèces de la section Repandae ont présenté un niveau élevé d'antibiose. D'autres espèces, comme N. excelsior ont présenté une antibiose vraisemblablement due à un mécanisme différent de la résistance des espèces précédentes provoquée par un exsudat alcaloïde des trichomes. Les résultats indiquent que ces espèces de Nicotiana peuvent être utilisées comme nouvelle source de résistance aux chenilles de M. sexta.
    Notes: Abstract Sixteen species of Nicotiana were examined for resistance to second instar larvae of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta (L.). The tests were designed so as to discriminate between antibiosis and nonpreference. High levels of antibiosis resistance were observed in several wild species such as N. gossei and species in the Repandae section. Several other species, such as N. excelsior, showed antibiosis that appeared to be due to a different mechanism than the alkaloid-trichome exudate based resistance of the above species. The data indicate that these species of Nicotiana may be used as a new source of resistance to larvae of M. sexta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00361927
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical investigations of antibiosis material in leaf exudate of wildNicotiana species and interspecific hybrids (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 1203-1217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Nicotiana sp. ; Rapandae ; trichomes ; nicotine ; alkaloids ; Manduca sexta ; Lepidoptera ; Sphingidae ; acylnornicotines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A model system involving severalNicotiana species containing novel nicotine alkaloids was used to study heritability and expression of alkaloid production in leaf trichomes. The three species that comprise the section Repandae (N. repanda, N. stocktonii, andN. nesophila) were hybridized with eitherN. tabacum orN. sylvestris (neither of which producesN-acylnornicotine). The progeny of the hybrid with sylvestris produced theN-acylnornicotines at a level found in the Repandae parent.Nicotiana repanda was crossed toN. tabacum, and the F2 progeny produced the alkaloid at the same level as the original Repandae parent. Inheritance of the ability to acylate nornicotine in Repandae species is inherited in hybrids in a dominant manner These and other data obtained suggest that theN-acyltransferase that acylates nornicotine in Repandae species inherited in hybrids is in a dominant manner and that the regulatory sequence(s) for the gene is expressed in leaf trichomes when the gene is in a foreignNicotiana background.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014823
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Juvenile hormone esterases of Lepidoptera II. Isoelectric points and binding affinities of hemolymph juvenile hormone esterase and binding protein activities (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 154 (1984), S. 213-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The juvenile hormone esterase (JHE) and juvenile hormone binding protein (JHBP) activities from the last larval instar of 14 species of Lepidoptera (Pieris rapae, Colias eurytheme, Danaus plexippus, Junonia coenia, Hemileuca nevadensis, Pectinophora gossypiella, Spodoptera exigua, Trichoplusia ni, Heliothis virescens, Orygia vetusta, Ephestia elutella, Galleria mellonella, Manduca sexta andEstigmene acrea) were analyzed by analytical isoelectric focusing (IEF). While the multiplicity and isoelectric point of these proteins varied, all of them were mildly acidic (pI 4.0–7.0), and a large number of the species possessed only a single JHE and/or JHBP activity. The Michaelis constants (K m's) of the whole hemolymph JHE activities from selected species for JH III were in the range of 10−7M. The equilibrium dissociation constantK d of the JHBP was determined by Scatchard analysis for selected species as well, with the majority of species having aK d near 10−7M. This information is consistent with JHE acting as a scavenger for JH at various times during development and relying entirely on mass action to remove JH from its protective JHBP complexes. The JHBP should limit nonspecific binding and thus facilitate the rapid transport of the intact hormone through-out the hemocoel. These data indicate that the species currently used in the study of the developmental biology of the Lepidoptera are biochemically similar to a variety of other species in this order.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00684148
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The endocrine basis for developmentally stationary prepupae in larvae ofTrichoplusia ni pseudoparasitized byChelonus insularis (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 155 (1985), S. 645-645 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694456
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The endocrine basis for developmentally stationary prepupae in larvae ofTrichoplusia ni pseudoparasitized byChelonus insularis (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 155 (1985), S. 235-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Larvae of the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni, precociously initiate metamorphosis in the penultimate instar when parasitized byChelonus insularis. Some larvae developing from stung eggs precociously spin cocoons, but upon dissection contain no live or obvious parasites. Such ‘pseudoparasitized’ larvae greatly slow down in development as prepupae, due to a suppressed ecdysteroid titer which in turn may be caused by a suppressed juvenile hormone titer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685218
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parasite regulation of host insect metamorphosis: a new form of regulation in pseudoparasitized larvae ofTrichoplusia ni (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 155 (1985), S. 583-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary When eggs ofTrichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera) are stung by a parasitic wasp,Chelonus sp., the developing host larvae precociously initiate metamorphosis ten days later. Precocious initiation of metamorphosis occurs even in ‘pseudoparasitized’ stung hosts which contain no living parasites at the time of symptoms of host regulation by the parasite. In feeding, penultimate instar, pseudoparasitized hosts, the corpora allata activity, hemolymph juvenile hormone esterase activity, in vivo rates of juvenile hormone metabolism and changes in hemolymph protein composition all follow the pattern of the normal last instar. This and other evidence suggests the entire developmental pattern of the last larval instar is precociously expressed in penultimate instar, pseudoparasitized hosts. The cause of precocious expression of the developmental program leading to metamorphosis is a significant decrease in the critical size parameter that, in normal larvae, signals attainment of the last instar. The induction, in preultimate instar larvae, of the entire feeding stage developmental program leading to metamorphic commitment, using either biochemical, surgical or parasitic experimental probes, has not been previously reported. The results have important implications for the study of host-parasite endocrine interaction, of normal insect metamorphosis and even of human puberty.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694448
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Juvenile hormone esterases of Lepidoptera (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 148 (1982), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The juvenile hormone esterase (JHE) titer was measured during the last larval instar of 11 species of Lepidoptera (Pieris rapae, Junonia coenia, Danaus plexippus, Hemileuca nevadensis, Pectinophora gossypiella, Spodoptera exigua, Orgyia vetusta, Ephestia elutella, Galleria mellonella, Manduca sexta andEstigmene acrea). All species had a peak of JHE at or near the time of wandering. The peak activity at this time ranged from 0.8 to 388 nmoles JH III cleaved/min·ml. All species exceptJ. coenia had a second peak of JHE during the late prepupal stage. The height of the second peak ranged from 0.4 to 98.4 nmoles/min·ml. However, there was no apparent correlation between size of the first and second JHE activity peaks for the lepidopteran species examined. There was an apparent relationship between the height of the first and second JHE peaks and reports on titer of JH just prior to these peaks. These data support, with some qualifications, the extension of developmental information obtained on several well studied species to a variety of Lepidoptera.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688882
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predators and parasites of temporary row crop pests: Agents of irreplaceable mortality or scavengers acting prior to other mortality factors? (1982)
    Springer
    BioControl 27 (1982), S. 245-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8248
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a réalisé une étude chez l'arpenteuse du chou,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner) afin de déterminer: 1) si les arthropodes entomophages naturels provoquent une mortalité irremplaçable chez cet insecte en culture de céleri, et 2) si les arthropodes entomophages sont là pour causer une telle mortalité aux œufs et aux larves du 1er stade deT. ni quand la culture est sensible à ce ravageur. L'estimation des populations de prédateurs a été effectuée 1. par un traitement insecticide plus une cage d'exclusion, 2. par une application d'insecticide seule, 3. par la capture des prédateurs à l'aide de l'aspirateur D-vac et 4. par l'exclusion à l'aide de barrières engluées. Dans tous les cas d'exclusion la survie des œufs et des larves a été plus importante que dans le témoin sans exclusion. L'analyse des données de la table de vie a confirmé l'hypothèse que la ortalité des œufs due au parasitisme parTrichogramma et des larves d'âge moyen par d'autres hyménoptères parasites n'est pas remplaçable par d'autres facteurs de mortalité. L'époque de formation du 1er pétiole commercialisable fut en corrélation à la fois avec la hauteur du pétiole le plus élevé et avec le nombre de pétioles par plante. Les densités maxima en trichogrammes et en prédateurs importants se sont manifestées avant l'apparition du 1er pétiole commercialisable pour atteindre les niveaux les plus bas à l'approche de la récolte.
    Notes: Abstract A study was conducted with the cabbage looper,Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), to determine: 1) whether naturally occurring entomophagous arthropods impart irreplaceable mortality to the cabbage looper in celery, and 2) whether entomophagous arthropods are present to impart such mortality toT. ni eggs and 1st instar larvae when the crop is sensitive to the pest. Predator evaluation involved 1) insecticidal + cage exclusion, 2) insecticidal exclusion alone, 3) D-vac removal of predators, and 4) sticky barrier exclusion. In all the exclusion regimes survival of eggs and larvae was higher than in the unexcluded control. Analysis of life table data was consistent with the hypothesis that some mortality of eggs due to parasitism byTrichogramma and of medium-larvae by other hymenopterous parasites was not replaceable by other mortality factors. The time of appearance of the first marketable petiole was correlated with both the height of the tallest petiole and the number of petioles on the plant. Peak densities ofTrichogramma and important predators occurred before the first marketable petiole appeared and declined to low levels as harvest approached.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02374809
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...