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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A wet oxidation process was developed for oxidizing waste materials, comprising dissolved ruthenium salt in a reactant feed stream containing the waste materials. The feed stream is introduced into a reactor, and the reactor contents are then raised to an elevated temperature to effect deposition of a catalytic surface of ruthenium black on the interior walls of the reactor. The feed stream is then maintained in the reactor for a period of time sufficient to effect at least partial oxidation of the waste materials.
    Keywords: INORGANIC AND PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The modular Research Animal Holding Facility (RAHF) developed by NASA is described. Besides providing general housing for various animal species, the RAHF is designed to minimize disturbance of the specimens caused by vehicle and mission operations. The RAHF system offers life-sustaining capabilities, such as food, water, and waste removal, as well as environmental control. Modularity of construction to accommodate a variety of small animals and associated instrumentation ensures continued use of RAHF as the sophistication of experiments increases on subsequent missions.
    Keywords: LIFE SCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: IAF PAPER 81-171 , International Astronautical Congress; Sept. 6-12, 1981; Rome; Italy
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Regenerative life support system to minimize expendable materials aboard spacecraft during long manned flights
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Laboratory investigations to define optimum process conditions for oxidation of fecal/urine slurries were conducted in a one-liter batch reactor. The results of these tests formed the basis for the design, fabrication, and testing of an initial prototype system, including a 100-hour design verification test. Areas of further development were identified during this test. Development of a high pressure slurry pump, materials corrosion studies, oxygen supply trade studies, comparison of salt removal water recovery devices, ammonia removal investigation, development of a solids grinder, reactor design studies and bearing life tests, and development of shutoff valves and a back pressure regulator were undertaken. The development work has progressed to the point where a prototype system suitable for manned chamber testing can be fabricated and tested with a high degree of confidence of success.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-112151
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Use of metabolic wastes in closed life support systems for manned orbital research laboratory, lunar base, and interplanetary spacecraft
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-73159
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Methane, methanol, glycerol, and hydrocarbons for microbial life support systems on extended space missions, animal links in closed system, use of wastes, and chemical synthesis of food
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-73158
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Carbon monoxide generation rates related to the use of commerical equipment in Spacelab, added to the normal metabolic and subsystem loads, will produce carbon monoxide levels in excess of the maximum allowable concentration. In connection with the sensitivity of carbon monoxide oxidation catalysts to poisoning at room temperature, catalysts for an oxidation of carbon monoxide at low temperatures have been investigated. It was found that platinum and palladium are the only effective room temperature catalysts which are effective at 333 K. Hopcalite was ineffective at ambient temperatures, but converted CO with 100 percent efficiency at 333 K. Poisoning tests showed the noble metal catalysts to be very sensitive, and Hopcalite to be very resistant to poisoning.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: ASME PAPER 77-ENAS-28 , Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 11, 1977 - Jul 14, 1977; San Francisco, CA; US
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  • 8
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Aqueous stream of human waste is mixed with soluble ruthenium salts and is introduced into reactor at temperature where ruthenium black catalyst forms on internal surfaces of reactor. This provides catalytically active surface to convert oxidizable wastes into breakdown products such as water and carbon dioxide.
    Keywords: MATERIALS
    Type: MSC-14831 , NASA Tech Briefs (ISSN 0145-319X); 1; 3; P. 381
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper describes the overall approach used by NASA-MSFC to design and develop a trace contaminant removal canister for Spacelab. The elements of this approach include the establishment of a trace contaminant load model, analysis and testing to define a preliminary design, development testing to verify the adequacy of the selected design, and testing to define a suitable canister location in the transfer tunnel ventilation system. The canister utilizes a catalyst material which is effective in removing carbon monoxide at room temperature, as well as plain and acid treated charcoal. The canister alone will control all contaminants in the load model below their maximum allowable concentration (MAC) levels without assistance from the baseline environmental control system (ECS) except for methyl alcohol and ammonia.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: ASME PAPER 79-ENAS-16 , Intersociety Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 16, 1979 - Jul 19, 1979; San Francisco, CA
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The ability to maintain the well being of experiment animals is of primary importance to the successful attainment of life sciences flight experiment goals. To assist scientists in the conduct of life sciences flight experiments, a highly versatile Research Animal Holding Facility (RAHF) is being developed for use on Space Shuttle/Spacelab missions. This paper describes the design of the RAHF system, which in addition to providing general housing for various animal species, approximating the environment found in ground based facilities, is designed to minimize disturbances of the specimens by vehicle and mission operations. Life-sustaining capabilities such as metabolic support and environmental control are provided. RAHF is reusable and is a modular concept to accommodate animals of different sizes. The basic RAHF system will accommodate a combination of 24 500-g rats or 144 mice or a mixed number of rats and mice. An alternative design accommodates four squirrel monkeys. The entire RAHF system is housed in a single ESA rack. The animal cages are in drawers which are removable for easy access to the animals. Each cage contains a waste management system, a feeding system and a watering system all of which will operate in zero or one gravity.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: ASME PAPER 80-ENAS-39 , Intersociety Environmental Systems Conference; Jul 14, 1980 - Jul 17, 1980; San Diego, CA
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