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  • 1
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    Upper Mantle Pollution during Afar Plume-Continental Rift Interaction (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-18
    Description: New Pb, Sr, Nd, Hf, and He isotope data for Quaternary basalts, erupted from Debre Zeyit, Butajira, and the Wonji Fault Belt of the Main Ethiopian Rift, show systematic mixing relationships involving three distinct mantle sources. The Pb, Sr, Nd, and Hf isotopic arrays converge in a specific region of isotopic multi-space where they define the composition of the Afar mantle plume (centered about 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 19·5, 87 Sr/ 86 Sr = 0·7035, Nd = +4·6, Hf = +9·3, 3 He/ 4 He 〉 15 R A ). This plume end-member has an identical composition to that observed previously in oceanic basalts. The distinct isotopic arrays for the various volcanic areas in the Main Ethiopian Rift vary spatially in a systematic manner, and may be viewed as pseudo-binary mixing arrays. This further suggests that the Afar mantle plume interacts with the local continental lithosphere and upper mantle asthenosphere (mid-ocean ridge basalt-like source) through an ordered sequence of mixing events. Simple mixing models require that the mass proportions of continental lithosphere and upper mantle involved in magma generation must be nearly constant within each volcanic area, but that the proportion of plume material decreases regularly with distance southwestward along the Main Ethiopian Rift, away from the central axis of the plume. This systematic behavior means that continental lithosphere can become detached and mixed into the shallow mantle prior to the flow of upwelling plume material beneath the developing rift system. Detachment and mixing into the asthenosphere during continental rift evolution is an important process for producing the range of ambient upper mantle compositions sampled by mid-ocean ridge volcanism away from island hotspots.
    Print ISSN: 0022-3530
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2415
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Data2Dynamics: a modeling environment tailored to parameter estimation in dynamical systems (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-21
    Description: : Modeling of dynamical systems using ordinary differential equations is a popular approach in the field of systems biology. Two of the most critical steps in this approach are to construct dynamical models of biochemical reaction networks for large datasets and complex experimental conditions and to perform efficient and reliable parameter estimation for model fitting. We present a modeling environment for MATLAB that pioneers these challenges. The numerically expensive parts of the calculations such as the solving of the differential equations and of the associated sensitivity system are parallelized and automatically compiled into efficient C code. A variety of parameter estimation algorithms as well as frequentist and Bayesian methods for uncertainty analysis have been implemented and used on a range of applications that lead to publications. Availability and implementation: The Data2Dynamics modeling environment is MATLAB based, open source and freely available at http://www.data2dynamics.org . Contact: andreas.raue@fdm.uni-freiburg.de Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Trefoil factor 1 acts to suppress senescence induced by oncogene activation during the cellular transformation process [Medical Sciences] (2011)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-04-20
    Description: Senescence is a cellular stress response characterized by persistent cell growth arrest under various stress conditions, including oncogene activation or tumor suppressor loss, which functions as a critical barrier that must be overcome to allow the progression from a precancerous or preinvasive lesion to a malignant tumor. Trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) is a secreted protein involved in maintaining the gastrointestinal epithelium by serving a tumor-suppressive role; however, TFF1 is overexpressed in several types of cancers. Here we report that TFF1 acts as a promoter of tumorigenesis in the context of prostate and pancreatic cancers by suppressing oncogene-induced senescence (OIS). Expression of TFF1 allows human prostate epithelial cells to escape OIS caused by the activated Ras oncogene or by reduced expression of the tumor suppressor PTEN, in part by the involvement of the EGF receptor-mediated pathway and inhibition of the expression of the cell cycle regulator p21. Without intrinsic promitogenic activity TFF1 may act in both autocrine and paracrine manners to enable cells to undergo the initial transformation and expansion against the restrictive microenvironment during early stage tumorigenesis. Taken together, our findings identify TFF1 as a soluble factor designed to act mainly to antagonize the OIS process to accelerate tumorigenesis.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 4
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    Climate change and violent conflict (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-05-19
    Description: Current debates over the relation between climate change and conflict originate in a lack of data, as well as the complexity of pathways connecting the two phenomena.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Scheffran, Jurgen -- Brzoska, Michael -- Kominek, Jasmin -- Link, P Michael -- Schilling, Janpeter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 May 18;336(6083):869-71. doi: 10.1126/science.1221339.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Research Group Climate Change and Security, Institute of Geography and KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Grindelberg 5, D-20144 Hamburg, Germany. juergen.scheffran@zmaw.de〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22605765" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression ; *Climate Change ; *Conflict (Psychology) ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Data Collection ; Databases, Factual ; Humans ; Politics ; Socioeconomic Factors ; *Violence
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Polymer nanotubes by wetting of ordered porous templates (2002)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2002-06-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinhart, M -- Wendorff, J H -- Greiner, A -- Wehrspohn, R B -- Nielsch, K -- Schilling, J -- Choi, J -- Gosele, U -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jun 14;296(5575):1997.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Materials Science, Philipps-University, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35032 Marburg, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12065828" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Elastic strain engineering for ultralow mechanical dissipation (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-05-18
    Description: Extreme stresses can be produced in nanoscale structures; this feature has been used to realize enhanced materials properties, such as the high mobility of silicon in modern transistors. We show how nanoscale stress can be used to realize exceptionally low mechanical dissipation when combined with "soft-clamping"—a form of phononic engineering. Specifically, using a nonuniform phononic crystal pattern, we colocalize the strain and flexural motion of a free-standing silicon nitride nanobeam. Ringdown measurements at room temperature reveal string-like vibrational modes with quality ( Q ) factors as high as 800 million and Q x frequency exceeding 10 15 hertz. These results illustrate a promising route for engineering ultracoherent nanomechanical devices.
    Keywords: Physics, Applied, Engineering
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Ribosome assembly factors prevent premature translation initiation by 40S assembly intermediates (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-13
    Description: Ribosome assembly in eukaryotes requires approximately 200 essential assembly factors (AFs) and occurs through ordered events that initiate in the nucleolus and culminate in the cytoplasm. Here, we present the electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of a late cytoplasmic 40S ribosome assembly intermediate from Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 18 angstrom resolution. We obtained cryo-EM reconstructions of preribosomal complexes lacking individual components to define the positions of all seven AFs bound to this intermediate. These late-binding AFs are positioned to prevent each step in the translation initiation pathway. Together, they obstruct the binding sites for initiation factors, prevent the opening of the messenger RNA channel, block 60S subunit joining, and disrupt the decoding site. These redundant mechanisms probably ensure that pre-40S particles do not enter the translation pathway, which would result in their rapid degradation.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3402165/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3402165/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strunk, Bethany S -- Loucks, Cherisse R -- Su, Min -- Vashisth, Harish -- Cheng, Shanshan -- Schilling, Justin -- Brooks, Charles L 3rd -- Karbstein, Katrin -- Skiniotis, Georgios -- P41 RR012255/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM086451/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-GM086451/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- RR12255/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Sep 9;333(6048):1449-53. doi: 10.1126/science.1208245. Epub 2011 Aug 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Chemical Biology Doctoral Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21835981" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding Sites ; Cryoelectron Microscopy ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-1/chemistry/metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3/chemistry/metabolism ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Methyltransferases/chemistry/metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; *Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/metabolism ; RNA, Fungal/genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Ribosomal Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Ribosome Subunits, Small, Eukaryotic/chemistry/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oscillatory magnetic bead rheometer for complex fluid microrheometry (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 3626-3634 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The dynamic range of the microrheometry based on the analysis of the enforced motion of colloidal force probes by video microscopy has been extended to 40 Hz. For that purpose a novel rapid image processing system has been developed enabling the real-time data acquisition and analysis thus improving the time resolution of particle tracking to 6 ms. A second advancement consists of the development of a correction procedure accounting for two effects: First, for the smearing out of the diffraction image of the beads due to the finite data acquisition time and, second, for systematic phase shifts of magnetic bead deflection with respect to the force due to the finite response time of the superparamagnetic beads in the direction of the gradient of the magnetic field. The new method has been applied to re-study the dynamic scaling law of the frequency dependence of the viscoelastic impedance of entangled actin solutions in the frequency regime determined by the conformational dynamics and entropic tension of single filaments. The frequency dependence of the storage and loss modulus obeys the scaling laws G′(ω)∝G″(ω)∝ωα with α=0.83(8) which is only slightly higher than the theoretical prediction (α=0.75). © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1394185
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of bromine in silicate rocks by epithermal neutron activation analysis (1977)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 49 (1977), S. 1998-2000 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50021a029
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical studies of transition-metal methyl ions, MCH3+ (M = Sc, Cr, Mn, Zn, Y, Mo, Tc, Pd, Cd) (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 109 (1987), S. 5573-5580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00253a002
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