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  • 1
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    Giant magneto-optical Raman effect [Applied Physical Sciences] (2016)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-03-02
    Description: We report a dramatic change in the intensity of a Raman mode with applied magnetic field, displaying a gigantic magneto-optical effect. Using the nonmagnetic layered material MoS2 as a prototype system, we demonstrate that the application of a magnetic field perpendicular to the layers produces a dramatic change in intensity...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 2
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    From mountains to sound: modelling the sensitivity of Dungeness crab and Pacific oyster to land-sea interactions in Hood Canal, WA (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-18
    Description: Many diagnoses of declining marine species and habitats along US coasts point to upland and freshwater sources of imperilment. Yet, little work has examined how and whether activities on land affect marine resources. Similarly, the impacts of climate change on coastal systems are among the most certain; yet, few studies have explored how alternative management and climate scenarios will affect the delivery of diverse benefits to people from coasts. We estimated how Dungeness crab ( Metacarcinus magister ) and Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) harvest in Hood Canal, WA, may change given predictions of land uses and effects of climate change. These two marine species are critical components of local commercial and recreational fisheries and thus represent key "ecosystem service" endpoints. We found that Dungeness crab harvest responds strongly to effects of climate change, as mediated by increased ocean temperature, whereas Pacific oyster harvest is more responsive to projected change in land-use/land-cover due to increased nutrient loading to the marine system. These changes vary spatially throughout Hood Canal. These results can be used as a heuristic framework to help decision-makers, planners, and other stakeholders in the region as they work to target conservation and restoration activities and plan for future growth in a changing climate.
    Print ISSN: 1054-3139
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9289
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    BamA-catalyzed OMP folding [Biophysics and Computational Biology] (2014)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-23
    Description: Outer membrane β-barrel proteins (OMPs) are crucial for numerous cellular processes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Despite extensive studies on OMP biogenesis, it is unclear why OMPs require assembly machineries to fold into their native outer membranes, as they are capable of folding quickly and efficiently through an intrinsic folding pathway...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 4
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    Gender differences and performance in science (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Muller, Carol B -- Ride, Sally M -- Fouke, Janie -- Whitney, Telle -- Denton, Denice D -- Cantor, Nancy -- Nelson, Donna J -- Plummer, Jim -- Busch-Vishniac, Ilene -- Meyers, Carolyn -- Rosser, Sue V -- Schiebinger, Londa -- Roberts, Eric -- Burgess, David -- Beeson, Craig -- Metz, Susan Staffin -- Sanders, Lucinda -- Watford, Bevlee A -- Ivey, Elizabeth S -- Frank Fox, Mary -- Wettack, Sheldon -- Klawe, Maria -- Wulf, William A -- Girgus, Joan -- Leboy, Phoebe S -- Babco, Eleanor L -- Shanahan, Betty -- Didion, Catherine -- Chubin, Daryl E -- Frize, Monique -- Ganter, Susan L -- Nalley, E Ann -- Franz, Judy -- Abruna, Hector D -- Strober, Myra H -- Zimmer Daniels, Jane -- Carter, Emily A -- Rhodes, Jean H -- Schrijver, Iris -- Zakian, Virginia A -- Simons, Barbara -- Martin, Ursula -- Boaler, Jo -- Jolluck, Katherine Rose -- Mankekar, Purnima -- Gray, Robert M -- Conkey, Margaret W -- Stansky, Peter -- Xie, Aihua -- Martin, Pino -- Katehi, Linda P B -- Miller, Jo Anne -- Tess Thornton, Amelia -- Lapaugh, Andrea -- Rhode, Deborah L -- Gelpi, Barbara C -- Harrold, Mary Jean -- Spencer, Cherrill M -- Schlatter Ellis, Carla -- Lord, Susan -- Quinn, Helen -- Murnane, Margaret -- Jones, Patricia P -- Hellman, Frances -- Wight, Gail -- O'hara, Ruth -- Pickering, Mary -- Sheppard, Sheri -- Leith, David -- Paytan, Adina -- Sommer, Matthew H -- Shafer, Audrey -- Grusky, David -- Yennello, Sherry -- Madan, Ashima -- Johnson, Denise L -- Yanagisako, Sylvia -- Chou-Green, Jennifer M -- Robinson, Sandra -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Feb 18;307(5712):1043.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15718449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Career Choice ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Science ; *Sex Characteristics ; Social Change
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    A CRISPR reimagining: new twists and turns of CRISPR beyond the genome-engineering revolution (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-20
    Description: Despite its explosive applications in genome engineering, CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats) has been developed into a versatile tool beyond its well-known nuclease function. In this prospect article, we summarize a few exciting "off-label" applications of CRISPR including manipulating DNA sequences, visualizing chromosomal loci in living cells, and modulating transcription and chromatin structures. These novel applications will likely elevate CRISPR tools into yet another level of sophistication and diversity, leading to many more exciting cell biological discoveries. Since its inception as an exciting new genome-engineering platform, the CRISPR/Cas (CRISPR associated protein) system has evolved to be more than just a tool for targeted mutagenesis. Adapted from its natural role as part of the bacterial adaptive immune system, the CRISPR system has been simplified to consist of a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) and Cas nuclease (most commonly spCas9 derived from Streptococcus pyogenes ). Comprised of nuclease binding stem-loop structures and a ∼20 bp 5'- overhang for sequence-specific DNA recognition, a Cas9-loaded sgRNA scans the DNA for its complementary target sequence. Novel applications for the CRISPR/Cas system have emerged with the disabling of the nuclease domains of the Cas9 protein, resulting in a catalytically-inactive Cas9 nuclease (dCas9). This was done by introducing two point mutations, H840A to the HNH domain and D10A to the RUVC domain, which eliminated its ability to cleave either strand of DNA while maintaining its sequence-specific DNA recognition capability (Jinek et al., 2012). Acting as a programmable DNA binding protein, the CRISPR gene-editing system may now be repurposed to carry out new functions such as manipulating gene expression and labeling loci for dynamic cell imaging. In this prospect article, we discuss a few of the new and exciting uses of the CRISPR system, beyond its most popular application as a designer nuclease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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  • 6
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    Aberrant S-nitrosylation and arrhythmogenesis [Physiology] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-31
    Description: Nitric oxide (NO) derived from the activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) is involved in S-nitrosylation of key sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ handling proteins. Deficient S-nitrosylation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) has a variable effect on SR Ca2+ leak/sparks in isolated myocytes, likely dependent on the underlying physiological...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    Little Ice Age glaciers in Britain: Glacier-climate modelling in the Cairngorm Mountains (2014)
    Sage
    In: Holocene
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: It is widely believed that the last glaciers in the British Isles disappeared at the end of the Younger Dryas stadial (12.9–11.7 cal. kyr BP). Here, we use a glacier–climate model driven by data from local weather stations to show for the first time that glaciers developed during the Little Ice Age (LIA) in the Cairngorm Mountains. Our model is forced from contemporary conditions by a realistic difference in mean annual air temperature of –1.5°C and an increase in annual precipitation of 10%, and confirmed by sensitivity analyses. These results are supported by the presence of small boulder moraines well within Younger Dryas ice limits, and by a dating programme on a moraine in one cirque. As a result, we argue that the last glaciers in the Cairngorm Mountains (and perhaps elsewhere in upland Britain) existed in the LIA within the last few hundred years, rather than during the Younger Dryas.
    Print ISSN: 0959-6836
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-0911
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Published by Sage
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  • 8
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    Charge density waves based on their nature [Physics] (2015)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-26
    Description: The concept of a charge density wave (CDW) permeates much of condensed matter physics and chemistry. CDWs have their origin rooted in the instability of a one-dimensional system described by Peierls. The extension of this concept to reduced dimensional systems has led to the concept of Fermi surface nesting (FSN),...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling the diffusion of grown-in Be in molecular beam epitaxy GaAs (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 1595-1605 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The diffusion of Be in GaAs is studied in samples which are molecular beam epitaxy GaAs with grown-in Be. The Be diffusion profiles of samples annealed under various conditions are obtained using secondary ion mass spectrometry. SUPREM-IV.GS, a simulator for GaAs and Si processing technology, is used to compare the experimental results with our models and to extract parameters. The Be diffusion profiles show a kink feature and a time-dependent Be diffusivity which are successfully simulated. The intrinsic Be diffusivity, the Ga interstitial diffusivity, and the equilibrium concentration of Ga interstitials, all as a function of temperature, are obtained from this study: D+1Be=0.17 exp(−3.39 eV/kBT) cm2 s−1, DI=6.4×10−5 exp(−1.28 eV/kBT) cm2 s−1, and CI*int=4.7×1028 exp(−3.25 eV/kBT) cm−3. The role of nonequilibrium Ga point defects in the anomalous Be diffusion behavior is addressed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360253
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of buried Si-SiO2 interfaces on oxidation and implant-enhanced dopant diffusion in thin silicon-on-insulator films (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 2756-2764 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The diffusion behavior of phosphorus and boron was used to study point defect kinetics in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) material. Phosphorus marker layers were used to study oxidation enhanced diffusion in bulk and bonded and etched-back silicon-on-insulator (BESOI) material under oxidizing conditions at 750, 800, and 850 °C. An effective interstitial recombination velocity Kox for the buried Si-SiO2 interface in the BESOI material was extracted by fitting the experimentally obtained phosphorus profiles with suprem−iv simulation results. The data can be modeled with a time-independent interface recombination velocity. The same parameter set incorporating this extracted recombination velocity was used to accurately model the implant enhanced diffusion of boron marker layers at 750 and 800 °C in thin SOI films, implying the recombination velocity is independent of the interstitial supersaturation. The expression Kox/DI=4.7×10−3 exp(+1.34/kT) fits this work and also a wide range of literature results at higher temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357539
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