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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2001-10-13
    Description: Centromeres are heterochromatic in many organisms, but the mitotic function of this silent chromatin remains unknown. During cell division, newly replicated sister chromatids must cohere until anaphase when Scc1/Rad21-mediated cohesion is destroyed. In metazoans, chromosome arm cohesins dissociate during prophase, leaving centromeres as the only linkage before anaphase. It is not known what distinguishes centromere cohesion from arm cohesion. Fission yeast Swi6 (a Heterochromatin protein 1 counterpart) is a component of silent heterochromatin. Here we show that this heterochromatin is specifically required for cohesion between sister centromeres. Swi6 is required for association of Rad21-cohesin with centromeres but not along chromosome arms and, thus, acts to distinguish centromere from arm cohesion. Therefore, one function of centromeric heterochromatin is to attract cohesin, thereby ensuring sister centromere cohesion and proper chromosome segregation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernard, P -- Maure, J F -- Partridge, J F -- Genier, S -- Javerzat, J P -- Allshire, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 21;294(5551):2539-42. Epub 2001 Oct 11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉MRC Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11598266" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Cell Cycle Proteins ; Centromere/*metabolism/physiology ; Chromatids/metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; Chromosome Segregation ; Chromosomes, Fungal/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Heterochromatin/*metabolism ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Metaphase ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/*metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Schizosaccharomyces/genetics/*physiology ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism ; Transcription, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1995-09-08
    Description: Centromeres attach chromosomes to the spindle during mitosis, thereby ensuring the equal distribution of chromosomes into daughter cells. Transcriptionally silent heterochromatin of unknown function is associated with centromeres in many organisms. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the silent mating-type loci, centromeres, and telomeres are assembled into silent heterochromatin-like domains. The Swi6 chromodomain protein affects this silencing, and now it is shown that Swi6p localizes with these three chromosomal regions. In cells lacking Swi6p, centromeres lag on the spindle during anaphase and chromosomes are lost at high rates. Thus, Swi6p is located at fission yeast centromeres and is required for their proper function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ekwall, K -- Javerzat, J P -- Lorentz, A -- Schmidt, H -- Cranston, G -- Allshire, R -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 8;269(5229):1429-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7660126" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Centromere/chemistry/*physiology ; Chromosomes, Fungal ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fungal Proteins/analysis/genetics/*physiology ; Genes, Fungal ; Genes, Mating Type, Fungal ; Heterochromatin/chemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Interphase ; Mitosis ; Mutation ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Schizosaccharomyces/cytology/genetics/*physiology ; Telomere/chemistry ; Transcription Factors/analysis/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2010-01-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javerzat, Jean-Paul -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Jan 8;327(5962):150-1. doi: 10.1126/science.1184770.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires, Universite Victor Segalen Bordeaux2/CNRS UMR5095, Bordeaux, 33077 France. Jpaul.Javerzat@ibgc.u-bordeaux2.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20056877" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism ; Centromere/*metabolism ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone/*metabolism ; *Chromosome Segregation ; Chromosomes, Fungal/metabolism ; Histones/*metabolism ; Interphase ; Meiosis ; Mitosis ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces/cytology/*metabolism ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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