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  • 1
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    Timing of atmospheric CO2 and Antarctic temperature changes across termination III (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-03-15
    Description: The analysis of air bubbles from ice cores has yielded a precise record of atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, but the timing of changes in these gases with respect to temperature is not accurately known because of uncertainty in the gas age-ice age difference. We have measured the isotopic composition of argon in air bubbles in the Vostok core during Termination III (approximately 240,000 years before the present). This record most likely reflects the temperature and accumulation change, although the mechanism remains unclear. The sequence of events during Termination III suggests that the CO2 increase lagged Antarctic deglacial warming by 800 +/- 200 years and preceded the Northern Hemisphere deglaciation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Caillon, Nicolas -- Severinghaus, Jeffrey P -- Jouzel, Jean -- Barnola, Jean-Marc -- Kang, Jiancheng -- Lipenkov, Volodya Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Mar 14;299(5613):1728-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique/CNRS, L'Orme des Merisiers, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif sur Yvette, France. ncaillon@ucsd.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12637743" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the last glacial termination (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-01-06
    Description: A record of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration during the transition from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene, obtained from the Dome Concordia, Antarctica, ice core, reveals that an increase of 76 parts per million by volume occurred over a period of 6000 years in four clearly distinguishable intervals. The close correlation between CO2 concentration and Antarctic temperature indicates that the Southern Ocean played an important role in causing the CO2 increase. However, the similarity of changes in CO2 concentration and variations of atmospheric methane concentration suggests that processes in the tropics and in the Northern Hemisphere, where the main sources for methane are located, also had substantial effects on atmospheric CO2 concentrations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Monnin, E -- Indermuhle, A -- Dallenbach, A -- Fluckiger, J -- Stauffer, B -- Stocker, T F -- Raynaud, D -- Barnola, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jan 5;291(5501):112-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11141559" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Orbital and millennial-scale features of atmospheric CH4 over the past 800,000 years (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-16
    Description: Atmospheric methane is an important greenhouse gas and a sensitive indicator of climate change and millennial-scale temperature variability. Its concentrations over the past 650,000 years have varied between approximately 350 and approximately 800 parts per 10(9) by volume (p.p.b.v.) during glacial and interglacial periods, respectively. In comparison, present-day methane levels of approximately 1,770 p.p.b.v. have been reported. Insights into the external forcing factors and internal feedbacks controlling atmospheric methane are essential for predicting the methane budget in a warmer world. Here we present a detailed atmospheric methane record from the EPICA Dome C ice core that extends the history of this greenhouse gas to 800,000 yr before present. The average time resolution of the new data is approximately 380 yr and permits the identification of orbital and millennial-scale features. Spectral analyses indicate that the long-term variability in atmospheric methane levels is dominated by approximately 100,000 yr glacial-interglacial cycles up to approximately 400,000 yr ago with an increasing contribution of the precessional component during the four more recent climatic cycles. We suggest that changes in the strength of tropical methane sources and sinks (wetlands, atmospheric oxidation), possibly influenced by changes in monsoon systems and the position of the intertropical convergence zone, controlled the atmospheric methane budget, with an additional source input during major terminations as the retreat of the northern ice sheet allowed higher methane emissions from extending periglacial wetlands. Millennial-scale changes in methane levels identified in our record as being associated with Antarctic isotope maxima events are indicative of ubiquitous millennial-scale temperature variability during the past eight glacial cycles.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loulergue, Laetitia -- Schilt, Adrian -- Spahni, Renato -- Masson-Delmotte, Valerie -- Blunier, Thomas -- Lemieux, Benedicte -- Barnola, Jean-Marc -- Raynaud, Dominique -- Stocker, Thomas F -- Chappellaz, Jerome -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 15;453(7193):383-6. doi: 10.1038/nature06950.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Geophysique de l'Environnement, CNRS-Universite Joseph Fourier Grenoble, 54 Rue Moliere, 38402 St Martin d'Heres, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18480822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Atmosphere/*chemistry ; Greenhouse Effect ; History, Ancient ; Ice Cover ; Methane/*analysis ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Tropical Climate ; Wetlands
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000-800,000 years before present (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-05-16
    Description: Changes in past atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations can be determined by measuring the composition of air trapped in ice cores from Antarctica. So far, the Antarctic Vostok and EPICA Dome C ice cores have provided a composite record of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over the past 650,000 years. Here we present results of the lowest 200 m of the Dome C ice core, extending the record of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration by two complete glacial cycles to 800,000 yr before present. From previously published data and the present work, we find that atmospheric carbon dioxide is strongly correlated with Antarctic temperature throughout eight glacial cycles but with significantly lower concentrations between 650,000 and 750,000 yr before present. Carbon dioxide levels are below 180 parts per million by volume (p.p.m.v.) for a period of 3,000 yr during Marine Isotope Stage 16, possibly reflecting more pronounced oceanic carbon storage. We report the lowest carbon dioxide concentration measured in an ice core, which extends the pre-industrial range of carbon dioxide concentrations during the late Quaternary by about 10 p.p.m.v. to 172-300 p.p.m.v.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luthi, Dieter -- Le Floch, Martine -- Bereiter, Bernhard -- Blunier, Thomas -- Barnola, Jean-Marc -- Siegenthaler, Urs -- Raynaud, Dominique -- Jouzel, Jean -- Fischer, Hubertus -- Kawamura, Kenji -- Stocker, Thomas F -- England -- Nature. 2008 May 15;453(7193):379-82. doi: 10.1038/nature06949.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. luethi@climate.unibe.ch〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18480821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 5
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    Orbital and millennial Antarctic climate variability over the past 800,000 years (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-07-07
    Description: A high-resolution deuterium profile is now available along the entire European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica Dome C ice core, extending this climate record back to marine isotope stage 20.2, approximately 800,000 years ago. Experiments performed with an atmospheric general circulation model including water isotopes support its temperature interpretation. We assessed the general correspondence between Dansgaard-Oeschger events and their smoothed Antarctic counterparts for this Dome C record, which reveals the presence of such features with similar amplitudes during previous glacial periods. We suggest that the interplay between obliquity and precession accounts for the variable intensity of interglacial periods in ice core records.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jouzel, J -- Masson-Delmotte, V -- Cattani, O -- Dreyfus, G -- Falourd, S -- Hoffmann, G -- Minster, B -- Nouet, J -- Barnola, J M -- Chappellaz, J -- Fischer, H -- Gallet, J C -- Johnsen, S -- Leuenberger, M -- Loulergue, L -- Luethi, D -- Oerter, H -- Parrenin, F -- Raisbeck, G -- Raynaud, D -- Schilt, A -- Schwander, J -- Selmo, E -- Souchez, R -- Spahni, R -- Stauffer, B -- Steffensen, J P -- Stenni, B -- Stocker, T F -- Tison, J L -- Werner, M -- Wolff, E W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Aug 10;317(5839):793-6. Epub 2007 Jul 5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l'Environnement, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, CEA-CNRS-Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines, CE Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. jean.jouzel@lsce.ipsl.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615306" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Stable carbon cycle-climate relationship during the Late Pleistocene (2005)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-29
    Description: A record of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations measured on the EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) Dome Concordia ice core extends the Vostok CO2 record back to 650,000 years before the present (yr B.P.). Before 430,000 yr B.P., partial pressure of atmospheric CO2 lies within the range of 260 and 180 parts per million by volume. This range is almost 30% smaller than that of the last four glacial cycles; however, the apparent sensitivity between deuterium and CO2 remains stable throughout the six glacial cycles, suggesting that the relationship between CO2 and Antarctic climate remained rather constant over this interval.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siegenthaler, Urs -- Stocker, Thomas F -- Monnin, Eric -- Luthi, Dieter -- Schwander, Jakob -- Stauffer, Bernhard -- Raynaud, Dominique -- Barnola, Jean-Marc -- Fischer, Hubertus -- Masson-Delmotte, Valerie -- Jouzel, Jean -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2005 Nov 25;310(5752):1313-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16311332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical and climatic parameters which influence the air content in polar ice
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Earth and Planetary Science Letters 112 (1992), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0012-821X(92)90002-D
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of CO 2 measurements by two laboratories on air from bubbles in polar ice (1983)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 303 (1983), S. 410-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In order to preclude any gas fractionation linked with surface summer melting, ice formed in very cold conditions is the most suitable for determining CO2 concentrations representative of the atmosphere. We selected for the present intercalibration a section of a 905-m core5 drilled at Dome C ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/303410a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Antarctic ice core reveals atmospheric CO 2 variations over the past few centuries (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 315 (1985), S. 309-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Although several parameters, such as snow melting at the surface of the ice sheet, may obscure the record, CO2 results representing the atmosphere can be obtained with a good degree of confidence by choosing appropriate sites, cores and gas extraction methods (see réf. 2). In particular, the best ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/315309a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vostok ice core: climatic response to CO 2 and orbital forcing changes over the last climatic cycle (1987)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 329 (1987), S. 414-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Vostok climate and CO2 records suggest that CO2 changes have had an important climatic role during the late Pleistocene in amplifying the relatively weak orbital forcing. The existence of the 100-kyr cycle and the synchronism between Northern and Southern Hemisphere ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/329414a0
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