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  • 1
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    The cost of teaching embryos in superb fairy-wrens (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-12
    Description: There is growing empirical support for teaching in nonhuman animals. To unravel the evolutionary dynamics of teaching, we need to understand its costs and benefits. In superb fairy-wrens ( Malurus cyaneus ), females teach their embryos by calling to them: embryos learn a vocal password, and hatchlings incorporate the learned vocal password into their begging calls to solicit parental feeding. The more a female teaches (higher call rate), the better the embryos learn (greater call similarity), leading to more food provisioning by parents. Given these direct benefits, we would expect all female fairy-wrens to call often to maximize embryonic learning in their genetic progeny, yet they do not. Teaching the password carries a severe cost: nest predation was higher at both natural and artificial nests that had more incubation calls. At artificial nests, predation was 8-fold higher for high incubation call rate (30 calls per hour) and 5-fold higher for low incubation call rate (15 calls per hour) compared with nests without any incubation calls. At natural nests, nests that were depredated during incubation had higher incubation call rate (18.3 calls per hour) than nests that survived (11.4 calls per hour). Mother fairy-wrens must trade-off the costs of calling and the benefits of learning to optimize fitness benefits of teaching.
    Print ISSN: 1045-2249
    Electronic ISSN: 1465-7279
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    HIV-1 proviral DNA excision using an evolved recombinase (2007)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-06-30
    Description: HIV-1 integrates into the host chromosome and persists as a provirus flanked by long terminal repeats (LTRs). To date, treatment regimens primarily target the virus enzymes or virus-cell fusion, but not the integrated provirus. We report here the substrate-linked protein evolution of a tailored recombinase that recognizes an asymmetric sequence within an HIV-1 LTR. This evolved recombinase efficiently excised integrated HIV proviral DNA from the genome of infected cells. Although a long way from use in the clinic, we speculate that this type of technology might be adapted in future antiretroviral therapies, among other possible uses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sarkar, Indrani -- Hauber, Ilona -- Hauber, Joachim -- Buchholz, Frank -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jun 29;316(5833):1912-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17600219" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; DNA Shuffling ; DNA, Viral/*metabolism ; *Directed Molecular Evolution ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Gene Library ; Genome, Human ; *HIV Long Terminal Repeat ; HIV-1/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Integrases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Proviruses/metabolism ; Recombination, Genetic ; *Virus Integration
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Inhibition of HIV-1 replication in lymphocytes by mutants of the Rev cofactor eIF-5A (1996)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-03-29
    Description: Eukaryotic initiation factor 5A(eIF-5A) is a cellular cofactor require d for the function of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) Rev trans-activator protein. The majority of a set of eIF-5A mutants did not support growth of yeast cells having an inactivated genomic copy of eIF-5A, indicating that the introduced mutation eliminated eIF-5A activity. Two nonfunctional mutants, eIF-5AM13 and eIF-5AM14, retained their binding capacity for the HIV-1 Rev response element:Rev complex. Both mutants were constitutively expressed in human T cells. When these T cells were infected with replication-competent HIV-1, virus replication was inhibited. The eIF-5AM13 and eIF5AM14 proteins blocked Rev trans-activation and Rev-mediated nuclear export.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bevec, D -- Jaksche, H -- Oft, M -- Wohl, T -- Himmelspach, M -- Pacher, A -- Schebesta, M -- Koettnitz, K -- Dobrovnik, M -- Csonga, R -- Lottspeich, F -- Hauber, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1996 Mar 29;271(5257):1858-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Sandoz Research Institute, Department of Immunodermatology, Vienna, Austria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8596953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Products, rev/*metabolism ; Genes, env ; HIV-1/*physiology ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed ; Peptide Initiation Factors/genetics/metabolism/*physiology ; *RNA-Binding Proteins ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics/growth & development ; T-Lymphocytes/metabolism/*virology ; Transcriptional Activation ; Virus Replication ; rev Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Morphological evidence for geologically young thaw of ice on Mars: A review of recent studies using high-resolution imaging data (2013)
    Sage
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-05-30
    Description: Liquid water is generally only meta-stable on Mars today; it quickly freezes, evaporates or boils in the cold, dry, thin atmosphere (surface pressure is about 200 times lower than on Earth). Nevertheless, there is morphological evidence that surface water was extensive in more ancient times, including the Noachian Epoch (~4.1 Ga to ~3.7 Ga bp), when large lakes existed and river-like channel networks were incised, and early in the Hesperian Epoch (~3.7 Ga to ~2.9 Ga bp), when megafloods carved enormous channels and smaller fluvial networks developed in association with crater-lakes. However, by the Amazonian Epoch (~3.0 Ga to present), most surface morphogenesis associated with liquid water had ceased, with long periods of water sequestration as ice in the near-surface and polar regions. However, inferences from observations using imaging data with sub-metre pixel sizes indicate that periglacial landscapes, involving morphogenesis associated with ground-ice and/or surface-ice thaw and liquid flows, has been active within the last few million years. In this paper, three such landform assemblages are described: a high-latitude assemblage comprising features interpreted to be sorted clastic stripes, circles and polygons, non-sorted polygonally patterned ground, fluvial gullies, and solifluction lobes; a mid-latitude assemblage comprising gullies, patterned ground, debris-covered glaciers and hillslope stripes; and an equatorial assemblage of linked basins, patterned ground, possible pingos, and channel-and-scarp features interpreted to be retrogressive thaw-slumps. Hypotheses to explain these observations are explored, including recent climate change, and hydrated minerals in the regolith ‘thawing’ to form liquid brines at very low temperatures. The use of terrestrial analogue field sites is also discussed.
    Print ISSN: 0309-1333
    Electronic ISSN: 1477-0296
    Topics: Geography
    Published by Sage
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The coenzyme Q reductase activity of DPNH-cytochrome c reductase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 27 (1967), S. 632-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(67)80081-0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genomic structure encoding human initiation factor eIF-5A
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 144 (1994), S. 249-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Cosmid clones ; HIV-1 ; pseudogenes ; single-exon coding region
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(94)90385-9
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secreted placental alkaline phosphatase: a powerful new quantitative indicator of gene expression in eukaryotic cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 66 (1988), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: Recombinant DNA ; bioluminescence ; reporter gene ; transfection ; viral trans-activation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(88)90219-3
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The coenzyme Q reductase activity of DPNH-cytochrome c reductase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 27 (1967), S. 632-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(67)80081-0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of phospholipase a isoenzymes from Naja naja venom and their action on membrane-bound enzymes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 33 (1968), S. 936-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(68)90402-6
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversibility of the activation of succinate dehydrogenase
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 11 (1963), S. 83-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(63)90070-6
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