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  • 1
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    The influence of ambient light intensity on in situ laser diffractometers (2011)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-14
    Description: In situ laser diffractometers characterize the suspended particle size distribution (PSD) by measuring laser-generated light scattered off small particles over a range of small forward angles. In environments with low particulate concentrations or high ambient light conditions the ratio of natural downwelling sunlight to scattered laser light sensed by the photodetectors is high and measurements are influenced. Here, we evaluate the effect of the ambient light field intensity on measurements made with a Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry (LISST) 100X type B instrument. Paired light-dark scattering distributions are recorded over a range of underwater light intensities in high-turbidity and low-turbidity water. Light measurements displayed large erroneous concentrations of particles in the smallest size bin (1.25–1.48 μm) and showed effects over the full range of the PSD. Ambient light was found to exhibit the same constant distribution over the instrument photodetectors in both water samples, although the magnitude of the response, in laser counts per unit ambient light intensity, was PSD dependent. A technique for postprocessing data to remove the influence of light is presented for moored deployment and vertical profile data collected at Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, United States. While measurements removed of the light effect were successfully reconstructed, the technique may not be applicable to data where the PSD or the LISST orientation relative to the sun direction change rapidly or when light intensities are high enough to quench the instrument photodetectors. Ambient light was found to have negligible effects on PSD measurements in Lake Tahoe was below intensities of ∼30 W m−2.
    Print ISSN: 0043-1397
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-7973
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Biospecific labeling with undecagold: visualization of the biotin-binding site on avidin (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-10-15
    Description: The biotin-binding site on avidin has been labeled with biotin conjugated to undecagold, an organometallic cluster compound containing 11 gold atoms in a core angestroms in diameter. Examination of unstained specimens by scanning transmission electron microscopy reveals the labeled sites directly, without computational averaging or filtering of the images. This approach should be widely applicable for determining the locations of subunits and functional site in biological macromolecules at a resolution at a resolution in range of 15 angstroms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Safer, D -- Hainfeld, J -- Wall, J S -- Reardon, J E -- AM 28607/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- GM 12202/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM 28750/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Oct 15;218(4569):290-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7123234" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Avidin/*metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Biotin/*metabolism ; Gold/*metabolism ; Organogold Compounds ; Organometallic Compounds/*metabolism ; Ovalbumin/*analogs & derivatives
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3'-Azido-3',5'-dideoxythymidine-5'-methylphosphonic acid diphosphate: synthesis and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition. (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 35 (1992), S. 3192-3196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00095a014
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
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    3'-Azido-3',5'-dideoxythymidine-5'-methylphosphonic acid diphosphate: synthesis and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibition. (1992)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2623
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-4804
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 5
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    Radiative heat transfer calculations for Saturn exhaust plumes (1968)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-13
    Description: Computer programs for predicting radiative heat transfer for Saturn exhaust plumes
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: MOL. RADIATION AND ITS APPL. TO DIAGNOSTIC TECH. 8 JAN. 1968 (SEE N68-18082 08-33) P 184-218
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    ASRM radiation and flowfield prediction status (1991)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Existing and proposed methods for the prediction of plume radiation are discussed in terms of their application to the NASA Advanced Solid Rocket Motor (ASRM) and Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME) projects. Extrapolations of the Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) are discussed with respect to preliminary predictions of the primary and secondary radiation environments. The methodology for radiation and initial plume property predictions are set forth, including a new code for scattering media and independent secondary source models based on flight data. The Monte Carlo code employs a reverse-evaluation approach which traces rays back to their point of absorption in the plume. The SRM sea-level plume model is modified to account for the increased radiation in the ASRM plume due to the ASRM's propellant chemistry. The ASRM cycle-1 environment predictions are shown to identify a potential reason for the shutdown spike identified with pre-SRM staging.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    SRB Environment Evaluation and Analysis. Volume 3: ASRB Plume Induced Environments (1991)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Contract NAS8-37891 was expanded in late 1989 to initiate analysis of Shuttle plume induced environments as a result of the substitution of the Advanced Solid Rocket Booster (ASRB) for the Redesigned Solid Rocket Booster (RSRB). To support this analysis, REMTECH became involved in subscale and full-scale solid rocket motor test programs which further expanded the scope of work. Later contract modifications included additional tasks to produce initial design cycle environments and to specify development flight instrumentation. Volume 3 of the final report describes these analyses and contains a summary of reports resulting from various studies.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-CR-192519 , NAS 1.26:192519 , RTR-213-01-VOL-3
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Space shuttle main engine plume radiation model (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The methods are described which are used in predicting the thermal radiation received by space shuttles, from the plumes of the main engines. Radiation to representative surface locations were predicted using the NASA gaseous plume radiation GASRAD program. The plume model is used with the radiative view factor (RAVFAC) program to predict sea level radiation at specified body points. The GASRAD program is described along with the predictions. The RAVFAC model is also discussed.
    Keywords: SPACE TRANSPORTATION
    Type: NASA-CR-161498 , RTR-014-7
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A computer program for thermal radiation from gaseous rocket exhuast plumes (GASRAD) (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A computer code is presented for predicting incident thermal radiation from defined plume gas properties in either axisymmetric or cylindrical coordinate systems. The radiation model is a statistical band model for exponential line strength distribution with Lorentz/Doppler line shapes for 5 gaseous species (H2O, CO2, CO, HCl and HF) and an appoximate (non-scattering) treatment of carbon particles. The Curtis-Godson approximation is used for inhomogeneous gases, but a subroutine is available for using Young's intuitive derivative method for H2O with Lorentz line shape and exponentially-tailed-inverse line strength distribution. The geometry model provides integration over a hemisphere with up to 6 individually oriented identical axisymmetric plumes, a single 3-D plume, Shading surfaces may be used in any of 7 shapes, and a conical limit may be defined for the plume to set individual line-of-signt limits. Intermediate coordinate systems may specified to simplify input of plumes and shading surfaces.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-CR-161496 , RTR-014-9
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Handbook of infrared radiation from combustion gases (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The treatment of radiant emission and absorption by combustion gases are discussed. Typical applications include: (1) rocket combustion chambers and exhausts, (2) turbojet engines and exhausts, and (3) industrial furnaces. Some mention is made of radiant heat transfer problems in planetary atmospheres, in stellar atmospheres, and in reentry plasmas. Particular consideration is given to the temperature range from 500K to 3000K and the pressure range from 0.001 atmosphere to 30 atmospheres. Strong emphasis is given to the combustion products of hydrocarbon fuels with oxygen, specifically to carbon dioxide, water vapor, and carbon monoxide. In addition, species such as HF, HC1, CN, OH, and NO are treated.
    Keywords: THERMODYNAMICS AND COMBUSTION
    Type: NASA-SP-3080
    Format: application/pdf
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