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  • 1
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    Dynamic pattern generation in behavioral and neural systems (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-03-25
    Description: In the search for principles of pattern generation in complex biological systems, an operational approach is presented that embraces both theory and experiment. The central mathematical concepts of self-organization in nonequilibrium systems (including order parameter dynamics, stability, fluctuations, and time scales) are used to show how a large number of empirically observed features of temporal patterns can be mapped onto simple low-dimensional (stochastic, nonlinear) dynamical laws that are derivable from lower levels of description. The theoretical framework provides a language and a strategy, accompanied by new observables, that may afford an understanding of dynamic patterns at several scales of analysis (including behavioral patterns, neural networks, and individual neurons) and the linkage among them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schoner, G -- Kelso, J A -- MH42900-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Mar 25;239(4847):1513-20.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Complex Systems, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton 33431.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3281253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Electrophysiology ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Motor Activity/physiology ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Neurons/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    On the nature of human interlimb coordination (1979)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1979-03-09
    Description: Movement time varies as a function of amplitude and requirements for precision, according to Fitts' law, but when subjects perform two-handed movements to targets of widely disparate difficulty they do so simultaneously. The hand moving to an "easy" target moves more slowly to accommodate its "difficult" counterpart, yet both hands reach peak velocity and acceleration synchronously. This result suggests that the brain produces simultaneity of action not by controlling each limb independently, but by organizing functional groupings of muscles that are constrained to act as a single unit.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kelso, J A -- Southard, D L -- Goodman, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Mar 9;203(4384):1029-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/424729" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/physiology ; Functional Laterality ; Hand/physiology ; Humans ; Motor Skills/*physiology ; *Movement
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-organizing dynamics of the human brain: Critical instabilities and Šil'nikov chaos (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 5 (1995), S. 64-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using a sensorimotor coordination task in conjunction with an array of SQUIDs (Superconducting QUantum Interference Devices) we demonstrate critical instabilities in human brain activity patterns. Analysis of the dominant spatial pattern of the brain and its time-varying amplitude displays a task-dependent geometry characteristic of Šil'nikov-like chaos, which changes qualitatively at the transition. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166087
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterizing the dynamics of auditory perception (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 5 (1995), S. 70-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: After listening to a sound that is presented repeatedly, subjects report hearing different transforms of the original sound. The frequency of reported transforms is a sensitive index of some speech disorders as well as cognitive flexibility in aging. In this paper, we propose and investigate quantitative measures that characterize the dynamics of this phenomenon, known as the verbal transformation effect. In particular, we show that the distribution of the dwell time, the time spent perceiving a string of a given phonemic form before switching to another form, obeys a power law for normal subjects with an exponent valued between 1 and 2. This result suggests that within this paradigm there is no characteristic time scale for the perceptual process. Additionally, we analyze the correlation properties of the transforms. We suggest that the complexity measures and techniques introduced here might be useful diagnostic tools for a number of speech and cognitive disorders. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166088
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions in Coordinated Movements Involving Many Degrees of Freedom (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 504 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb48745.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A synergetic theory of environmentally-specified and learned patterns of movement coordination (1988)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 58 (1988), S. 71-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper outlines and applies a synergetic strategy to the coordination of human rhythmical movement. It extends earlier empirical and theoretical work to include the influence of specific environmental information and of memory on the dynamics of the collective variables (order parameters) that characterize the coordination patterns. Key ideas concern cooperative and competitive influences on the collective dynamics. Recent experiments on environmentally specific and learned rhythmic movement patterns are modeled explicitly on the level of the collective variable, relative phase. New predictions are presented and research directions proposed that follow directly from the present theoretical approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364153
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A synergetic theory of environmentally-specified and learned patterns of movement coordination (1988)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 58 (1988), S. 81-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Rhythmic movement patterns have served as a model case for developing a synergetic theory of biological coordination. In part I of this work we extended the approach to environmentally-specified and learned movement patterns on the level of the collective variable relative phase. Here we show that an identical strategy may be applied to the same problem at the level of the component oscillators. Coordinative patterns and their dynamics are derived from the coupled component dynamics and their interaction with the environment. Thus, behavioral patterns are shown to arise in a purely self-organized fashion. New directions for further research (e.g. dynamics of action-perception systems) follow from the oscillator theory. Finally the relationship between our approach and other kinds of analyses of temporal order (e.g. phase resetting) is addressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00364154
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coordination dynamics of trajectory formation (1996)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 74 (1996), S. 41-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present study aims to understand the neurally based coordination dynamics (multistability, loss of stability, transitions, etc.) of trajectory formation in a simple task. Six subjects produced two spatial patterns of coordination in the xy plane by alternating the abduction-adduction and flexion-extension motions of their right index finger. Each pattern was characterized by a unique temporal ratio between the x and y directions of motion: (1) a figure zero, a 1∶1 temporal pattern; and (2) a figure eight, a 2∶1 temporal pattern. The patterns were produced rhythmically and movement frequency was scaled across ten frequency plateaus, with ten cycles of motion per step. As movement frequency increased, switching from a figure eight to a figure zero was observed at critical cycling frequencies. The switch from pattern (2) to pattern (1) was identified in the spatial trajectory and power spectra of x(t) and y(t). En route to the transition, enhancement of fluctuations was observed in the Fourier amplitudes of x(t) and y(t), specifically at f 0 (the metronome frequency) and 2f 0 (the first harmonic off 0). Interestingly, there was no difference in the spatial variability of the two patterns. Overall, the data demonstrate that spatial patterns of coordination can be characterized in terms of the temporal relationship between the spatial components of the trajectory itself. We discuss the experimental findings in relation to other end-point planning and multijoint control strategies, as well as the much more general problem of temporal synchronization in many interlimb and intralimb coordination tasks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199136
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extending the HKB model of coordinated movement to oscillators with different eigenfrequencies (1995)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 74 (1995), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  We study the dynamics of a system of coupled nonlinear oscillators that has been used to model coordinated human movement behavior. In contrast to earlier work we examine the case where the two component oscillators have different eigenfrequencies. Problems related to the decomposition of a time series (from an experiment) into amplitude and phase are discussed. We show that oscillations at multiples of the main frequency of the oscillator system may occur in the phase and amplitude due to the choice of a coordinate system and how these oscillations can be eliminated. We derive an explicit equation for the dynamics of the relative phase of the oscillator system in phase space that enables a direct comparison between theory and experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extending the HKB model of coordinated movement to oscillators with different eigenfrequencies (1996)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 74 (1996), S. 21-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the dynamics of a system of coupled nonlinear oscillators that has been used to model coordinated human movement behavior. In contrast to earlier work we examine the case where the two component oscillators have different eigenfrequencies. Problems related to the decomposition of a time series (from an experiment) into amplitude and phase are discussed. We show that oscillations at multiples of the main frequency of the oscillator system may occur in the phase and amplitude due to the choice of a coordinate system and how these oscillations can be eliminated. We derive an explicit equation for the dynamics of the relative phase of the oscillator system in phase space that enables a direct comparison between theory and experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199134
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