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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of fe bearing compounds in environmental samples (1990)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 57 (1990), S. 2319-2325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using57Mössbauer spectroscopy and neutron activation analysis, various kinds of environmental samples have been studied, in order to demonstrate that the combination of a phase sensitive and a multi-element technique is a powerful tool for studying environmental problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405806
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear methods in environmental research (1991)
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 66 (1991), S. 203-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is demonstrated that by combining57Mössbauer spectroscopy and neutron activation analysis, environmental samples can be studied in great detail. It is the aim of the paper to show the usefulness of completing a multi-element technique by a phase sensitive method in environmental research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395868
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Th, U and trace elements determination in Egyiptian Lake sediments by INAA and laser fluorimetry (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 200 (1995), S. 95-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A study was undertaken to determine element concentrations in Aswan High Dam Lake sediments. Sediment samples were collected from 40 to 500 km upstream of the dam to follow the sedimentation process and the distribution of Th, U and the trace elements in the lake. INAA was applied for the determination of Sm, Ce, Lu, Th, Cr, Yb, Au, Hf, Ba, Nd, Cs, Tb, Sc, Rb, Fe, Zn, Co, Eu, and Sb, while Laser Fluorimetry was applied for U determination. The accuracy and the reproducibility of the techniques were tested with IAEA standard materials (SL, Soil-7). The U values ranged from 4 ppm to 18 ppm, Th values were between 2 and 10 ppm, and showed a very good correlation with the rare earth elements and Fe. The distribution of most of the elements in the lake follows the same trend as the distribution of the clays in the sediments. Ba showed a negative correlation with most of the elements under investigation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02163679
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality of high count rate high resolution short-time activation analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 213 (1996), S. 291-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The fast transfer system was modified to enable a fixed counting geometry with high reproductibility using an endcap geometry. The optimal count rate for short time activation analysis by means of the loss free counting system was found to be within 100–140 kcts/s, if a high accuracy is needed (1%). The method of calculating the peak area after the dead time and pile up corrections was modified by changing the peak fitting parameters gradually with increasing count rates. Epithermal activation by a6LiD converter was found to be an ideal irradiation technique for short time activation analysis especially for heavy elements due to the lower contribution of24Na and28Al (up to 30 fold).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02163574
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of geologically biased enrichment factors (EF) as indicators of natural air pollutants (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 167 (1993), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Airborne samples representing dustfall, street, and household dusts of Aswan were collected; and ten elements (Si, Ti, Fe, Mn, K, Al, Ca, Mg, Na, and P) were chemically analysed by means of instrumental activation analysis (INAA), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The puzziling differences in the values of the enrichment factors (EF) and obvious contradiction with the mineralogy of the dustfall samples both indicate that this method of calculation could help to establish models of dust matrices in different geological and industrial regions rather than considering it only as a tool for assessing the source rocks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02037183
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pattern recognition analysis for characterization of coal and ash samples (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 169 (1993), S. 381-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Different pattern recognition techniques were applied for classification and characterization of a large number of coal, and coal fly ash samples. Cluster analysis was performed on 116 samples using the concentration data of 40 elements. The effect of the number and type of the elements on the clustering was studied in detail. It was proved that short time activation analysis enables the characterization of these types of samples if139Ba and87Sr are included, these data being obtained by increasing the irradiation and counting times. The two elements and chlorine were found to be necessary for such a classification. The combination between cluster analyses and principal component analysis gives accurate and confirmed results. The statistical analyses of the subgroups are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02042995
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of accuracy and precision for determination of the short-lived nuclides by INAA and the Mössbauer-effect (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 169 (1993), S. 435-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Different reference materials of environmental and geological origin, such as NBS 1633a (Coal Fly Ash, CFA), NBS 1645 (River Sediment, RS), GXR-2, and IAEA Soil-5, were investigated by short time activation analysis. The samples were analyzed in 5 replicates each between 100 to 150 mg, at neutron flux of 1.3 E 12 cm−2 s−1, using a high rate — high resolution gamma spectroscopy with a Loss Free Counting (LFC) System to correct the dead time and pile up to 500,000 cps. The results of the measurements indicate that the precision in determination of28Al,46mSc, and52V is between 1 to 6%. Different evaluation programs (i.e. ALCHEM, AKTAN, and ND-PEAK) were used to calculate the peak areas. The results indicate that, at lower counts, the statistical error of peak area calculation becomes more significant. Finally, Mössbauer spectroscopy was used to investigate the main Fe compounds present in some reference materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02043000
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of137Cs and228Ra in the sediments of Aswan High Dam lake (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 186 (1994), S. 143-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Sediment samples of the High Dam lake were investigated for their137Cs,226Ra,228Th, and40K content, using low-level γ-spectroscopy. The results show that at the begining of the lake (500 km from the High Dam), where sediments consist mostly of sand, the level of137Cs is very low (0.1 Bq kg−1). The maximum value (22.3 Bq kg−1) was found 40 km from the wall of the High Dam, where the composition of the sediments is nearly 50% clays. The distribution of the natural nuclides226Ra,228Th, and40K shows a different trend.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02162796
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new highly efficient set-up for cyclic and pseudocyclic short time activation analysis with high count rates (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 233 (1998), S. 149-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A new counting geometry with a simple sample changer was constructed to enable cyclic and pseudocyclic short-time activation analysis. With the new system it is possible to cycle a sample, or successively an indefinite number of samples up to 20 times. The sample changer acts at the same time as sample catcher for two n-type HPGe detectors and can release the sample into a well-type HPGe detector. The new system enables the simultaneous counting of the irradiated samples by means of two endcap HPGe detectors, and subsequent counting by means of the well HPGe detector or both detector types. A well detector ensures a high counting efficiency which improves the sensitivity of a large number of short lived nuclides. Some standard reference materials (i.e., BCR-176, NIST SRM 1633b, IAEA-336, 335b, 335c) were prepared and analysed in replicates. The results indicate that up to 46 nuclides can be determined in BCR-176 if the samples are irradiated with and without the6LiD converter. An automatic evaluation programme was developed that determines the FWHM calibration parameters for each spectrum for accurate peak-area estimation at high count rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02389663
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-time activation analysis with and without A6LiD converter (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 179 (1994), S. 13-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Neutron activation analysis (NAA) at various irradiation and measurement systems of the Institute's TRIGA mark II reactor provides a choice of sample oriented analyzing systems. This is demonstrated on the analysis of waste products, on an analysis of the phase content of a high-Tc superconductor and on a fluorine analysis in a standard reference material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02037920
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