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  • 1
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    Bone tissue engineering (1995)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1078-8956
    Electronic ISSN: 1546-170X
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Manufacture and characterization of poly(α-hydroxy ester) thin films as temporary substrates for retinal pigment epithelium cells (1996)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 1996-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0142-9612
    Electronic ISSN: 1878-5905
    Topics: Biology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Medicine
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone tissue engineering (1995)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 1 (1995), S. 1322-1324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Skeletal deficiencies resulting from trauma, tumours or abnormal development frequently require surgical intervention to restore normal tissue function. Even though current surgical treatments are often successful, all have associated problems and limitations. The limited supply of autograft tissue ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1295-1322
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteoblast migration on poly(α-hydroxy esters) (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 50 (1996), S. 443-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: osteoblast ; migration ; poly(αhydroxy esters) ; poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) ; PLGA ; biodegradable polymers ; tissue engineering ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We investigated the migration of rat calvaria osteoblast populations on poly(α-hydroxy ester) films for up to 14 days to determine effects of substrate composition and culture conditions on the migratory characteristics of osteoblasts. Initial osteoblast culture conditions included cell colonies formed by seeding a high (84,000 cells/cm2) or low (42,000 cells/cm2) density of isolated osteoblasts on the polymer films, and bone tissue cultures formed by plating bone chips directly on the substrates. High density osteoblast colonies cultured and allowed to migrate and proliferate radially on 85:15 poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) films, 75:25 PLGA films, and tissue culture polystyrene controls demonstrated that the copolymer ratio in the polymer films did not affect the rate of increase in substrate surface area (or culture area) covered by the growing cell colony. However, the rate of increase in culture area was dependent on the initial osteoblast seeding density. Initial cell colonies formed with a lower osteoblast seeding density on 75:25 PLGA resulted in a lower rate of increase in culture area, specifically 4.9 ± 0.3 mm2/day, versus 14.1 ± 0.7 mm2/day for colonies seeded with a higher density of cells on the same polymer films. The proliferation rate for osteoblasts in the high and low density seeded osteoblast colonies did not differ, whereas the proliferation rate for the osteoblasts arising from the bone chips was lower than either of these isolated cell colonies. Confocal and light microscopy revealed that the osteoblast migration occurred as a monolayer of individual osteoblasts and not a calcified tissue front. These results demonstrated that cell seeding conditions strongly affect the rates of osteoblast migration and proliferation on biodegradable poly(α-hydroxy esters). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mini-review: Islet transplantation to create a bioartificial pancreas (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 43 (1994), S. 673-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: islet transplantation ; bioartificial pancreas ; immunoisolation ; extravascular devices ; macroencapsulation ; microencapsulation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Donor scarcity precludes the use of pancreatic transplantation to treat type I diabetes. Xenogeneic islet transplantation offers the possibility of overcoming this problem; however, it entails the use of immunoisolation devices to prevent immune rejection of the transplanted islets. These devices consist of a semipermeable membrane, which surrounds the islets and isolates them from the host's immune system, while allowing the passage of insulin and essential nutrients, including glucose. Problems associated with proposed device designs include diffusion limitations, biocompatibility, device retrieval in the event of failure, and mechanical integrity. Microencapsulation appears to be the most promising system of immunoisolation, however, the design of a device suitable for human clinical use remains a challenge. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260430717
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteoblast function on synthetic biodegradable polymers (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 28 (1994), S. 1445-1453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Rat osteoblasts were cultured on films of biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), 75:25 poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), 50:50 PLGA, and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) for up to 14 days. Osteoblasts attached equally well to all the polymer substrates after 8 h in culture. By day 4 in culture, osteoblasts had exceeded confluency numbers, and their proliferation leveled off by day 7. An increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity from 1.92 (±0.47) × 10-7 for day 7 to 5.75 (±0.12) × 10-7 μmol/cell per min for day 14 was reported for osteoblasts cultured on 75:25 PLGA, which was comparable to that observed for tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) controls. The ALP activities expressed by osteoblasts cultured on PLLA, 50:50 PLGA, and PGA films did not significantly increase over time. Collagen synthesis for osteoblasts cultured on all polymer substrates was similar to that of TCPS and did not vary with time. The morphology of cultured osteoblasts was not affected by the continuous degradation of the polymer substrates. These results demonstrate that poly(α-hydroxy esters) can provide a suitable substrate for osteoblast culture and hold promise in bone regeneration by osteoblast transplantation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820281210
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone formation by three-dimensional stromal osteoblast culture in biodegradable polymer scaffolds (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 36 (1997), S. 17-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Bone formation was investigated in vitro by culturing stromal osteoblasts in three-dimensional (3-D), biodegradable poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) foams. Three polymer foam pore sizes, ranging from 150-300, 300-500, and 500-710 μm, and two different cell seeding densities, 6.83 × 105 cells/cm2 and 22.1 × 105 cells/cm2, were examined over a 56-day culture period. The polymer foams supported the proliferation of seeded osteoblasts as well as their differentiated function, as demonstrated by high alkaline phosphatase activity and deposition of a mineralized matrix by the cells. Cell number, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineral deposition increased significantly over time for all the polymer foams. Osteoblast foam constructs created by seeding 6.83 × 105 cells/cm2 on foams with 300-500 μm pores resulted in a cell density of 4.63 × 105 cells/cm2 after 1 day in culture; they had alkaline phosphatase activities of 4.28 × 10-7 and 2.91 × 10-6 μmol/cell/min on Days 7 and 28, respectively; and they had a cell density that increased to 18.7 × 105 cells/cm2 by Day 56. For the same constructs, the mineralized matrix reached a maximum penetration depth of 240 μm from the top surface of the foam and a value of 0.083 mm for mineralized tissue volume per unit of cross sectional area. Seeding density was an important parameter for the constructs, but pore size over the range tested did not affect cell proliferation or function. This study suggests the feasibility of using poly(α-hydroxy ester) foams as scaffolding materials for the transplantation of autogenous osteoblasts to regenerate bone tissue. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinal pigment epithelium cells cultured on synthetic biodegradable polymers (1997)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 34 (1997), S. 87-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Alterations in the normal structure or functions of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) can result in a number of ocular diseases. Implantation of RPE cells cultured on thin, biodegradable polymer films may provide a means of transplanting an organized sheet of RPE cells with distinct apical/basal characteristics for the restoration of normal RPE function. We have investigated the interactions of human RPE cells with different biodegradable polymer films to assess their suitability as substrates for RPE culture. Four biodegradable polymers were used: low molecular weight (MW) 50:50 poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA); high MW 50:50 PLGA; 75:25 PLGA; and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA). Polymer film substrates were manufactured using a solvent casting technique. Human fetal RPE cells (10-16 weeks gestational) were plated on the polymer substrates and the cultures assessed with respect to cell attachment and proliferation. Histological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on the cells after 8 days in culture. RPE cells attached to all the polymers studied after 8 h in culture. After 8 h, 80.2 ± 9.5% and 82.3 ± 7.9% of the plated cells were attached to substrates of high MW 50:50 PLGA and 75:25 PLGA, respectively. The cells proliferated on all substrates, and there was about a threefold increase in cell number over the 8-day culture period on all the polymers studied. Immunohistochemistry after 8 days in culture demonstrated RPE cells labeled with a distinct reaction product for cytokeratin in the cell cytoplasm. All the polymers studied were suitable for RPE culture; however, high MW 50:50 PLGA and 75:25 PLGA proved to be the best in terms of manufacturing properties, cell attachment, and proliferation. These polymers can provide a suitable substrate for RPE cell culture and hold promise for the subretinal implantation of organized sheets of RPE cells. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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