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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex differences in the effects of neuropeptide FF and IgG from neuropeptide FF on morphine- and stress-induced analgesia
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Peptides 13 (1992), S. 603-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: F8Fa ; FMRFamide ; Neuropeptide FF ; Opioid analgesia ; Sex differences ; Stress-induced analgesia
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0196-9781(92)90096-L
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power radiated by an infinite plate subject to fluid loading and line drive
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Sound and Vibration 123 (1988), S. 437-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-460X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-460X(88)80161-5
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic differentiation ofMytilus edulis in eastern North America (1984)
    Springer
    Marine biology 79 (1984), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract There is significant differentiation at five polymorphic loci ofMytilus edulis among certain geographical areas of the Atlantic coast of North America. Non-metric multidimensional numerical methods distinguished three population groups: (I) populations south of Cape Cod, (II) populations throughout the Gulf of Maine, Gulf of St. Lawrence, areas of both southern and northern Newfoundland, and southern Hudson Bay, and (III) populations in southeastern Nova Scotia, northern Newfoundland and Hudson Strait, Quebec. Each subset consists of populations that exhibit characteristic multilocus, multiple allele genotypes. Populations in Groups II and III are spatially interdigitated among each other. At least one geographical area of mixing between genetically distinct populations occurs in northeastern Newfoundland. There is no evidence for interbreeding among genetically distinct individuals in mixed populations, suggesting the possibility that populations in the Atlantic Canadian Provinces and areas of northern Canada may consist of two distinct species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00951820
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic structure of asexually reproducing Enteromorpha linza (Ulvales: Chlorophyta) in Long Island Sound (1987)
    Springer
    Marine biology 94 (1987), S. 459-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thirteen asexually reproducing clones of Enteromorpha linza were found in samples collected from March to September 1982 in Long Island Sound, USA, based on variation at five enzyme loci. Significant differences in the relative frequency of each clone were observed among samples from 16 localities. There was a tendency for localities at the eastern end of the Sound to form a group genetically differentiated from localities at the western end, but in general there was no strong relationship between geographic distance and genetic distance. Areas separated by only a few hundred meters were genetically differentiated, despite the presence of a dispersing spore stage in this species. Samples from areas of low salinity were genetically similar but distinct from adjacent high salinity areas. One clone restricted to high salinity localities and one associated with low salinity localities were tested for growth under high and low salinity conditions in the laboratory. The clone from the high salinity habitat grew more slowly under low salinity conditions. However, there was no evidence for a detrimental effect of high salinity on the low salinity associated clone. Additional environmental factors, as well as biological factors such as limited recruitment and competitive interactions among clones, may also be important determinants of genetic differentiation among populations of E. linza. Temporal shifts in clone frequency were observed within some localities and may be due to seasonal-dependent regeneration from microscopic holdfasts for different clones or a seasonal recruitment of new clones from other areas. The pattern of differentiation among populations of E. linza in Long Island Sound appears to be maintained by factors operating on a microgeographic scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428253
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative genetic analysis of growth in larval scallops (Placopecten magellanicus) (1996)
    Springer
    Marine biology 124 (1996), S. 671-677 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We estimated the broad-sense heritability of larval size in 20 full-sib families of the giant scallop, Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin, 1791) grown in laboratory culture in August and September 1991. The goal was to compare scallops with other bivalves which have been shown to have significant heritabilities for larval growth. Secondly, we estimated the lipid content of occytes from female parents, since this is hypothesized to affect larval growth and survival. Finally, we estimated the among-family variation in mortality from 4 to 21 d as a test of possible genetic variation for viability among larval scallops. Significant genetic variation (h2=1.10 to 1.24) was estimated for larval shell length at 4, 14, and 21 d. There was a significant correlation (r=0.66) between larval size at 4 d and lipid content of oocytes, but only when two females with high levels of lipid oocyte−1 were excluded as outliers. There was no correlation between larval size at 14 and 21 d and lipid content of oocytes. Mortality among families from 4 to 21 d was high (69 to 97%), and was significantly different among families. These results indicate that there is significant heritability for larval growth which is largely independent of the lipid content of the oocytes. A high heritability for larval growth may indicate that this trait is only weakly correlated with fitness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351048
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A molecular approach to the ecology of a mussel (Mytilus edulis – M. trossulus) hybrid zone on the east coast of Newfoundland, Canada (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 133 (1999), S. 213-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mytilus trossulus Gould and M. edulis L. coexist in mixed populations in Atlantic Canadian waters. Although there is evidence that the two species hybridize in natural populations and that hybrids produce progeny through backcrosses, no study of the microgeographic distribution of the two forms and their hybrids has been made. Here we examine subtidal samples of mussels taken in July 1997 from two locations in eastern Newfoundland (Canada) and from wave-exposed and protected environments within each location. Shell lengths ranged from 15 to about 90 mm. Mussels were classified as pure forms or hybrids (F1, F2 and from backcrosses) based on four diagnostic markers, two allozyme loci (Mpi and Est-D) and two nuclear PCR-based DNA markers (ITS and Glu-5). In addition, a PCR-based mtDNA marker (COIII) was used to characterize the distribution of mtDNA mitotypes among pure and hybrid individuals. There were differences in the proportions of pure M. edulis and M. trossulus between sites and between environments at one location. M. trossulus was the predominant species at one of the two exposed sites. In all four samples, M. trossulus was also the predominant form among small individuals. The frequency of hybrids was 26% overall and did not differ among samples. Hybrids consisted mostly of backcrosses that were M. trossulus-biased among small mussels and M. edulis-biased among large ones. We conclude that both intrinsic genetic factors and extrinsic environmental factors influence the relative frequency of M. edulis, M. trossulus and their hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050460
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic variation among populations of Mytilus spp. in eastern Newfoundland (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 124 (1995), S. 417-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Limited sampling of Mytilus spp. in eastern Newfoundland has suggested that M. trossulus Gould and M. edulis L. are distributed as pure populations or mixtures of both species. In 1989 and 1990 we collected a wider series of samples of Mytilus spp. from 16 sites in eastern Newfoundland in order to determine the genetic structure based on four polymorphic enzyme loci (Est, Pgm, Lap, Ap). Associations among loci (particularly Pgm and Est), and a bimodal distribution of individual principal-component scores (based on fourlocus genotypes) provided evidence for the presence of both M. trossulus and M. edulis. Most of the sites consisted of a mixture of the two species. The relative frequency of each species in the samples varied on both a macro- and microgeographic scale. Two wave-exposed sites had the highest frequency (〉90%) of M. trossulus. The distribution of hybrid index scores, based on three partially diagnostic loci (Est, Pgm, Lap), provided no evidence for hybridization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00363915
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological variation of Mytilus edulis and Mytilus trossulus in eastern Newfoundland (1999)
    Springer
    Marine biology 133 (1999), S. 691-699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Allopatric populations of Mytilus species show distinct shell morphology which may be due to genetic and/or environmental effects. Sympatric populations of Mytilus species show similar shell morphology which may be due to hybridization eroding morphological differences and/or the influence of common environmental conditions. The present study examined shell morphology and shell shape from 16 sites in eastern Newfoundland where M. edulis L. and M. trossulus Gould coexist in common environments with limited hybridization. Shell morphology was based on measurements of eight characters, and shell shape was quantified by elliptic Fourier analysis of shell outlines. Significant differences were observed between species for both shell morphology and shell shape across 16 sites sampled. The relatively small differences in morphology and shape between the species were probably due to exposure to common environments rather than hybridization. Shell shape for M. edulis was more eccentric compared to M. trossulus which was more elongated. Shell shape analysis of a range of size classes at one site showed a change from an eccentric to an elongated shape going from the smaller to the larger size classes. Both species showed a similar trend, with the larger M. edulis more eccentric and the larger M. trossulus more elongated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050510
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial learning in deer mice: sex differences and the effects of endogenous opioids and 60 Hz magnetic fields (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 179 (1996), S. 715-724 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: spatial learning ; sex differences ; opioids ; 60 Hz magnetic fields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the effects of brief exposure to weak 60 Hz extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields and opioid systems on spatial behavior and learning in reproductive adult male and female deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus. Sex differences were evident in spatial performance, with male deer mice displaying significantly better performance than female mice in the Morris water maze, whereby animals had to acquire and retain the location of a submerged hidden platform. Brief (maximum 5 min) exposure to weak (100 μT) 60 Hz magnetic fields during task acquisition significantly improved female performance, eliminating the sex differences in acquisition. The opiate antagonist, naltrexone, also improved female acquisition, though significantly less than the magnetic fields. These facilitatory effects involved alterations of “non-spatial” (task familiarization and reduction of related anxiety/aversive related behaviors) and possibly “spatial” aspects of the task. Enhancement of enkephalin activity with the enkephalinase inhibitor, SCH 34826, significantly reduced task performance by male deer mice. Both naltrexone and the 60 Hz magnetic fields attenuated the enkephalin mediated reductions of spatial performance. These findings indicate that brief exposure to 60 Hz magnetic fields can enhance water maze task acquisition by deer mice and suggest that these facilitatory effects on spatial performance involve alterations in opioid activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00216135
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bi-directional plasma jets produced by magnetic reconnection on the Sun (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 386 (1997), S. 811-813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The solar network is the pattern of supergranulation cells seen over the entire surface of the Sun. The cell boundaries, along which the magnetic flux concentrates, is in a state of continuous variability and violent activity. Sudden small-scale plasma jets, microflares9'13 and explosive ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386811a0
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