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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring of rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae, feeding behavior in maize seeds and the occurence of supernumerary molts in low humidity conditions (1997)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 83 (1997), S. 225-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: insect ; biomonitor ; insect feeding ; supernumerary molt ; feeding detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rice weevils, Sitophilus oryzae (L.), complete their development from egg to early adulthood inside grains of wheat, rice or maize, but little is known about their feeding behavior within the seeds. An ultrasonic insect feeding monitor was used to characterize the feeding patterns of individual rice weevils as they developed in maize grains. Weevils reared in grains held at ca. 40% r.h. took longer to develop from egg to pupation than those reared in grains kept at ca. 70% r.h. Feeding patterns revealed that larvae developing in grains held at ca. 70% r.h. had only four instars, whereas supernumerary molts (five instars) occurred in certain individuals reared in grain held at ca. 40% r.h. The supernumerary molts may represent a response of the insect to stresses associated with low moisture levels in the seeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002960901994
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of tobacco hornworm antibiosis factor from cuticulae of repandae section ofNicotiana species (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 1485-1494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Nicotiana repanda ; Nicotiana stocktonii ; Nicotiana nesophila ; nicotine alkaloids ; hydroxyacylnornicotines ; Manduca sexta ; tobacco hornworm ; Lepidoptera ; Sphingidae ; antibiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cuticular components of the green leaves of the Repandae section of theNicotiana species contain compounds that have been shown to be toxic to larvae of the tobacco hornworm larvae,Manduca sexta. The surface constituents of leaves of greenhouse-grownN. repanda, N. stocktonii, andN. nesophila were extracted with methylene chloride in order to isolate the active compounds. Solvent partitioning and gel chromatography was used to isolate a series of hydroxyacylnornicotines (HOAcylNN). The major component was identified asN′-(3-hydroxy-12-methyltridecanoyl)nornicotine. A number of minor 3-hydroxyacylnornicotines, with the acyl group containing C13-C15, were also identified. The HOAcylNN mixture in ethanol was topically applied to first-instar tobacco hornworm larvae at rates of 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg. Mortalities after 48 hr were 33, 44, 78, and 100% respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012420
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