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  • 1
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    (Table 1) Chlorophyll concentration and pigment composition of carotenoids in three heathland bryophytes, northern Sweden (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Arroniz-Crespo, Maria; Gwynn-Jones, Dylan; Callaghan, Terry V; Núñez-Olivera, E; Martínez-Abaigar, J; Horton, P; Phoenix, Gareth K (2011): Impacts of long-term enhanced UV-B radiation on bryophytes in two sub-Arctic heathland sites of contrasting water availability. Annals of Botany, 108(3), 557-565, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcr178
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: Background and Aims: Anthropogenic depletion of stratospheric ozone in Arctic latitudes has resulted in an increase of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) reaching the biosphere. UV-B exposure is known to reduce aboveground biomass and plant height, to increase DNA damage and cause accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds in polar plants. However, many studies on Arctic mosses tended to be inconclusive. The importance of different water availability in influencing UV-B impacts on lower plants in the Arctic has been poorly explored and might partially explain the observed wide variation of responses, given the importance of water in controlling bryophyte physiology. This study aimed to assess the long-term responses of three common sub-Arctic bryophytes to enhanced UV-B radiation (+UV-B) and to elucidate the influence of water supply on those responses. Results: Responses were species specific: H. splendens responded most to +UV-B, with reduction in both annual growth (-22%) and sporophyte production (-44%), together with increased b-carotene, violaxanthin, total chlorophyll and NPQ, and decreased zeaxanthin and de-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle pool (DES). Barbilophozia lycopodioides responded less to +UV-B, showing increased b-carotene and sclerophylly and decreased UV-absorbing compounds. Polytrichum commune only showed small morphogenetic changes. No effect of UV-B on bryophyte cover was observed. Water availability had profound effects on bryophyte ecophysiology, and plants showed, in general, lower growth and ETR, together with a higher photoprotection in the drier site. Water availability also influenced bryophyte responses to +UV-B and, in particular, responses were less detectable in the drier site. Conclusions: Impacts of UV-B exposure on Arctic bryophytes were significant, in contrast to modest or absent UV-B effects measured in previous studies. The impacts were more easily detectable in species with high plasticity such as H. splendens and less obvious, or more subtle, under drier conditions. Species biology and water supply greatly influences the impact of UV-B on at least some Arctic bryophytes and could contribute to the wide variation of responses observed previously.
    Keywords: Abisko_ANS; Abisko, Lappland, northern Sweden; Abisko Scientific Research Station; Antheraxanthin; Antheraxanthin, standard deviation; beta-Carotene, beta,beta-Carotene; beta-Carotene, beta,beta-Carotene standard deviation; Chlorophyll total, areal concentration; Chlorophyll total, standard deviation; Description; High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC); International Polar Year (2007-2008); IPY; Lutein; Lutein, standard deviation; Neoxanthin; Neoxanthin, standard deviation; Percentage; Ratio; Species; Spectrophotometry; Standard deviation; Sum; Treatment; Type; Violaxanthin; Violaxanthin, standard deviation; Zeaxanthin; Zeaxanthin, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 288 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PREPARATION OF ANTIMONY-FREE ARSENIOUS OXIDE AND THE ESTIMATION OF MINUTE AMOUNTS OF ANTIMONY IN ARSENIOUS OXIDE (1929)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 51 (1929), S. 2416-2419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01383a019
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Debarking and Degumming Ramie by Chemical Means (1932)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 24 (1932), S. 1162-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50274a018
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REGULATION OF LIGHT HARVESTING IN GREEN PLANTS (1996)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 47 (1996), S. 655-684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-2519
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When plants are exposed to light intensities in excess of those that can be utilized in photosynthetic electron transport, nonphotochemical dissipation of excitation energy is induced as a mechanism for photoprotection of photosystem II. The features of this process are reviewed, particularly with respect to the molecular mechanisms involved. It is shown how the dynamic properties of the proteins and pigments of the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II first enable the level of excitation energy to be sensed via the thylakoid proton gradient and subsequently allow excess energy to be dissipated as heat by formation of a nonphotochemical quencher. The nature of this quencher is discussed, together with a consideration of how the variation in capacity for energy dissipation depends on specific features of the composition of the light-harvesting system. Finally, the prospects for future progress in understanding the regulation of light harvesting are assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.47.1.655
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contrasting patterns of photosynthetic acclimation to the light environment are dependent on the differential expression of the responses to altered irradiance and spectral quality (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 
Chl, chlorophyll
Chl a/b, ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b
Cyt f, cytochrome f
FR, far-red light
LFR, low irradiance, far-red enriched growth light
LHCII, light harvesting complex associated with PSII
LW, low irradiance, white growth light
MW, moderate irradiance, white growth light
PAR, photosynthetically active radiation
Pmax, light and CO2 saturated photosynthetic rate
PSI, photosystem I
PSII, photosystem II

Four plant species (Chamerion angustifolium, Digitalis purpurea, Brachypodium sylvaticum and Plantago lanceolata) which have previously been shown to demonstrate contrasting photosynthetic acclimatory responses to the light environment (Murchie & Horton 1997, Plant, Cell and Environment 20, pp. 438–448) were analysed at a biochemical level. Plants were grown under low irradiance with a shade-type spectrum (LFR: 50μmol quanta m–2 s–1), moderately high white light (MW: 300μmol quanta m–2 s–1) and low irradiance white light (LW: 50μmol quanta m–2 s–1). The effects of light quality upon chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity were found to be species-dependent. A far-red dependent reduction in chlorophyll was found in three species, and an irradiance-dependent reduction was found in B. sylvaticum, which showed the greatest alteration in the xanthophyll cycle pool size of all species tested under these conditions. Chlorophyll a/b ratios were sensitive to both light quality and quantity in C. angustifolium and D. purpurea, being highest in MW, lowest in LFR, and intermediate in LW, whilst the other species showed no response. Ratios of photosystem II to photosystem I (PSII and PSI) demonstrated a strong irradiance-associated increase in all species except B. sylvaticum, whereas an increase in PSII/PSI in LFR compared to LW conditions was present in all species. A change in chlorophyll a/b was not always associated with a change in PSII/PSI, suggesting that the level of LHCII associated with each PSII varied in some species. Cytochrome f content showed an irradiance-dependent effect only, indicating a relationship with the capacity of electron transport. It is concluded that differing strategies of acclimation to the light environment demonstrated by these species results from differing strengths of expression of a series of independently regulated changes in the levels of photosynthetic components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1998.00262.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acclimation of photosynthesis to irradiance and spectral quality in British plant species: chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity and habitat preference (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 20 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Twenty-two common British angiosperms were examined for their ability to acclimate photosynthetically to sun and shade conditions. Plants were grown under low irradiance, far-red enriched light (50 μmol m−2 s−1), selected to mimic as closely as possible natural canopy shade, and moderately high light of insufficient irradiance to induce photoinhibitory or photoprotective responses (300 μmol m−2 s−1). Light-and CO2-saturated photosynthetic rates of oxygen evolution (Pmax) and chlorophyll content were measured. Large variation was found in both parameters, and two ‘strategies’ for long-term acclimation were identified: firstly a change in chlorophyll per unit leaf area which was found to correlate positively with photosynthetic capacity, and secondly changes in chlorophyll alb ratio and Pmax, indicative of alterations at the chloroplast level, which were not associated with a change in chlorophyll content per unit leaf area. Combinations of these two strategies may occur, giving rise to the observed diversity in photosynthetic acclimation. The extent and nature of photosynthetic acclimation were compared with an index of shade association, calculated from the association each species has with woodland. It was found that the greatest flexibility for change at the chloroplast level was found in those species possessing an intermediate shade association, whilst acclimation in ‘sun’ species proceeded by a change in chlorophyll content; obligate shade species showed little capacity for acclimation at either the chloroplast or leaf level. A framework for explaining the variation between plant species in leaf-level photosynthetic capacity, in relation to the natural light environment, is presented. This is the first time the potential for light acclimation of photosynthesis in different plant species has been satisfactorily linked to habitat distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-95.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dissipation of excess excitation energy in British plant species (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 16 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The reversible dissipation of excitation energy in higher plants is believed to protect against light-induced damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. This dissipation is measured as the non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence. A method is described whereby the saturated capacity for rapidly reversible non-photochemical quenching can be compared between plant species. This method was applied to 22 common British plant species whose habitat was quantified using an index that describes shade tolerance. An association was found between occurrence in open habitats and a high capacity for non-photochemical quenching. It was found that, whilst this capacity was species dependent, it did not depend upon the conditions under which the plant was grown. The possible role of zeaxanthin as a determinant of quenching capacity was examined by measuring the contents of xanthophyll cycle carotenoids for each species. Comparing species, no correlation was seen between the saturated level of non-photochemical quenching and zeaxanthin content expressed relative to either total carotenoid or to chlorophyll. When zeaxanthin was expressed relative to the amount of xanthophyll cycle intermediates (zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin and violaxanthin), a weak correlation was seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00485.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships between carotenoid composition and growth habit in British plant species (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 16 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The pigment composition of leaves from a number of different plant species collected from field sites in the region of Sheffield, UK, have been compared using high-performance liquid chromatography. Expression of pigment content per unit leaf area was dominated by variation in the total leaf chlorophyll. Neither chlorophyll per unit area nor the chlorophyll a/b ratio were found to be correlated with the habitat from which the plants originated. When the amounts of different carotenoids were expressed relative to the total carotenoid pool, it was found that whilst neither total carotene (α- +β-carotene) nor neoxanthin correlated with ability to grow in shade, the leaf content of both lutein and the total xanthophyll cycle carotenoids (zeaxanthin, anther-axanthin and violaxanthin) did, with lutein content being high in shade species and xanthophyll cycle intermediates low. There was a strong negative correlation between the relative amounts of each of these groups of carotenoids. The ratio of lutein to xanthophyll cycle carotenoids was strongly correlated to an index of shade tolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00486.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The molecular mechanism of the control of excitation energy dissipation in chloroplast membranes Inhibition of ΔpH-dependent quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 309 (1992), S. 175-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Chlorophyll fluorescence ; Light harvesting complex ; Photosynthesis ; Proton channel ; Thylakoid membrane
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(92)81089-5
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid-base induced redox changes of the chloroplast cytochrome b-559
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 56 (1975), S. 244-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(75)81101-X
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