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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stem deformation in fast grown Pinus radiata: an investigation of causes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Forest Ecology and Management 62 (1993), S. 189-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1127
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(93)90050-W
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The measurement of fertilizer S uptake by plants using radioactive and stable isotopes
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part 42 (1991), S. 1099-1101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0883-2889
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0883-2889(91)90019-W
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A yield-independent, 15N-isotope dilution method to estimate legume symbiotic dependence without a non-N2-fixing reference plant (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 196-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Isotope dilution ; 15N ; Lupin ; Symbiotic dependence ; Biological N2 fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The proportional contribution of atmospheric N2 to the N nutrition of lupin (P atm) was estimated in a field experiment following addition of NH4Cl of KNO3 to unconfined microplots (1.5 m2) at 2.5 g N m-2 (10 atom% 15N). The integrated 15N enrichment, or ‘mean pool abundance’, of nitrate extracted from 0- to 15-cm samples taken under the lupin crop on eight occasion between 28 and 190 days after sowing was used as the reference criterion to estimate P atm by the 15N-isotope dilution technique. Estimates of P atm were similar to those obtained using canola as a non-fixing reference plant, but were higher than estimates obtained using a yield-dependent model. Use of ‘mean pool abundance’ obviates the need for a non-fixing reference plant, and the frequent sampling and isotope-ratio analysis of the legume biomass required with the yield-dependent model is unnecessary. However, further work is needed to validate a sampling strategy commensurate with the growth of the legume roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336063
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A yield-independent, 15N-isotope dilution method to estimate legume symbiotic dependence without a non-N2-fixing reference plant (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 196-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Isotope dilution ; 15N ; Lupin ; Symbiotic dependence ; Biological N2 fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The proportional contribution of atmospheric N2 to the N nutrition of lupin (P atm) was estimated in a field experiment following addition of NH4Cl of KNO3 to unconfined microplots (1.5 m2) at 2.5 g N m–2 (10 atom% 15N). The integrated 15N enrichment, or ’mean pool abundance‘, of nitrate extracted from 0- to 15-cm samples taken under the lupin crop on eight occasion between 28 and 190 days after sowing was used as the reference criterion to estimate P atm by the 15N-isotope dilution technique. Estimates of P atm were similar to those obtained using canola as a non-fixing reference plant, but were higher than estimates obtained using a yield-dependent model. Use of ’mean pool abundance‘ obviates the need for a non-fixing reference plant, and the frequent sampling and isotope-ratio analysis of the legume biomass required with the yield-dependent model is unnecessary. However, further work is needed to validate a sampling strategy commensurate with the growth of the legume roots.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336063
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimating N2 fixation by field-grown lupins (Lupinus angustifolius L.) using soil and plant 15N enrichment (1992)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 13 (1992), S. 235-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Lupin ; 15N dilution ; Biological N2 fixation ; Soil 15N enrichment ; Lupinus angustifolius
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Biological N2 fixation was estimated in a field experiment following the addition of NH4Cl or KNO3 to unconfined microplots (1.5 m2) at 2.5 g N m-2 (10 atom% 15N). A model of total N and 15N accumulation in lupins and decreasing 15N enrichment in the KCl-extractable soil-N pool (0–0.15 m depth) was used to estimate the proportion of N in lupins derived from biological N2 fixation. Estimates of N2 fixation derived from the model were compared with 15N isotope-dilution estimates obtained using canola, annual ryegrass, and wheat as nonfixing reference plants. Biomass, total N accumulation, or 15N enrichment in the lupin and reference crops did not differ whether NH inf4 sup+ or NO inf3 sup- was added as the labelled inorganic-N source. The decrease in soil 15N enrichment was described by first-order kinetics, whereas total N and 15N accumulation in the lupins were described by logistical equations. Using these equations, the uptake of soil N by lupins was estimated and was then used to calculate fixed N2. Estimates of N2 fixation derived from the model increased from 0 at 50 days after sowing to a maximum of 0.79 at 190 days after sowing. Those based on the 15N enrichment of the NO inf3 sup- pool were 10% higher than those based on the mineral-N pool. 15N isotope-dilution estimates of N2 fixation ranged from 0.37 to 0.55 at 68 days after sowing and from 0.71 to 0.77 at 190 days after sowing. Reference plant-derived values of N2 fixation were all higher than modelled estimates during the early states of growth, but were similar to modelled estimates at physiological maturity. The use of the model to estimate N2 derived from the atmosphere has the intrinsic advantage that the need for a non-fixing reference plant is avoided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340582
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the N benefit of a grain legume (Lupinus angustifolius L.) to a cereal (Hordeum vulgare L.) by an in situ 15N isotope dilution technique (1993)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 15 (1993), S. 39-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Biologically fixed N ; Crop rotations ; N benefit ; N sparing ; N transfer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A crop of barley was grown on plots which had previously supported pure stands of lupins, canola, ryegrass, and wheat. The plots were labelled with 15N-enriched fertilizers at the time of sowing of the antecedent crops. The crop of lupins, which derived 79% of its N from symbiotic N2 fixation at physiological maturity, conferred an N benefit to barley of 3.4 g N m-2 when compared to barley following wheat. Lupins used less fertilizer N and less unlabelled soil N compared to the other crops, but the ratios of these sources of N in the plant tops were similar. The apparent sparing of soil+fertilizer N under lupins compared with wheat was 13.6 g N m-2, which was much larger than the measured N benefit. Barley following lupins was less enriched in 15N compared to barley following wheat, and the measured isotope dilution was used to estimate the proportion of barley N derived from biologically fixed N in the lupin residues. This in turn enabled the N benefit to be partitioned between the uptake of spared N and the uptake of fixed N derived from the mineralization of legume residues. Spared N and fixed N contributed in approximately equal proportions to the N benefit measured in barley following lupins compared to barley following wheat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336286
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Memoriam Frits Bierhuizen, 1926–1984 (1986)
    Springer
    Irrigation science 7 (1986), S. I 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270431
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiotic N2 fixation by legumes growing in pots (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 325-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: C2H2 reduction ; 15N ; N2 fixation ; Subterranean clover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A controlled-environment chamber was designed for exposure of legumes growing in pots to an atmosphere containing N2 enriched in15N. Subterranean clover growing in a sandy loam was exposed for 5 days to an atmosphere with a low15N-enrichment (mean atom %15N excess=1.484). The average amount of atmospheric N2 fixed during this period was 6.05 mg N plant−1. The molar ratio of C2H2 reduced and N2 fixed (C2H2:N2) for subterranean clover was 5.1±0.4. The C2H2 reduction activity of the plants was not significantly affected by the elevated concentration of CO2 (0.60% to 1.40%) in the chamber during the experiment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181350
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Boron deficiency inPinus radiata D. Don and the effect of applied boron on height growth and nutrient uptake (1984)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 79 (1984), S. 295-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Boron ; Fertilizer ; Height growth ; Nutrient deficiency ; Pinus radiata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Severe dieback observed inP. radiata D. Don plantations during dry years in Southeastern Australia was found to be due to boron deficiency. Borax applied in spring (August 1982) at rates of 50, 100 and 150 kg ha−1 resulted in a marked increase in foliar B and an alleviation of B deficiency symptoms. During the dry summer following the application of borax no further dieback was observed and height growth of fertilized trees was significantly improved. Correction of B deficiency enhanced the uptake of P by the trees.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02182353
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiotic N2 fixation by legumes growing in pots (1983)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 74 (1983), S. 333-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Barrel medic ; C2H2 reduction ; 15N ; N2 fixation ; Silver wattle ; Subterranean clover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary An indirect isotopic method was developed to estimate N2 fixation by legume grown in pots. Two pasture legumes, subterranean clover and barrel medic, and one Australian native legume, silver wattle, were grown in a N2-depleted atmosphere of Ar:O2:CO2 (77:20:3) for a short period of time following addition of15N-labelled KNO3 (8 mg N pot−1). Uptake of fertiliser-N by these plants was compared with that of plants receiving the same amount of15N-labelled NO3 − but grown under a normal N2 atmosphere. Symbiotically fixed N2 was calculated from the difference in fertiliser-N uptake by plants in the Ar and N2 atmospheres, based on the assumption that the nitrogen requirement of the legumes grown in the former atmosphere was satisfied by an equivalent uptake of labelled NO3 −−N from the soil. The percentage decrease in C2H2 reduction activity of the legumes following the addition of KNO3 was relatively constant. The C2H2:N2 molar ratios for subterranean clover, barrel medic and silver wattle were 5.2, 5.8 and 2.8, respectively. A large proportion (50 to 60%) of the electron flux available for N2 fixation by the pasture legumes was used for the evolution of H2. The (C2H2−H2):N2 ratios were close to the theoretical value of 3∶1. The total soil-plant system did not evolve H2, but instead was capable of taking up exogenously supplied H2, which was stimulated by the presence of the legumes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02181351
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