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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damage Characterization of Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) during Tensile Testing (2005)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 297-300 (Nov. 2005), p. 2533-2538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques were used for the tensile damagecharacterization in ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). Ultrasonic testing (UT) and infrared (IR) thermography were employed to assess defects and/or damage evolution before and during mechanical testing. Prior to tensile testing, a UT C-scan and a xenon flash method were performed to obtain initial defect information in light of UT C-scans and thermal diffusivity maps, respectively. An IR camera was used for in-situ monitoring of progressive damages. The IR camera measured temperature changes during tensile testing. This paper has presented the feasibility of using NDE techniques to interpret structural performance of CMCs
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/50/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.297-300.2533.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative viability of seaweed tissues assessed with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 10 (1998), S. 31-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Porphyra ; seaweed ; spectrophotometer ; triphenyltetrazolium ; viability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A spectrophotometric quantification method was optimized to evaluate its utility in seaweed tissue viability tests using the enzymatic reduction of colorless 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) to a colored triphenylformazan (TPF). To allow accurate determination of TPF in the seaweed Porphyra thallus and conchocelis, 0.2 g of tissues are incubated with 4 mL of 0.8% TTC reagent in the dark at 20°C for 1 h under a mineral oil layer. The TPF formed in tissues was extracted for 15 min at 60°C with 2 mL of 0.2 N KOH in 25% ethanol. Then TPF is partitioned away by prompt addition of hexane and vortexing. By this procedure, we have observed nearly complete separation of TPF, and observed good spectrophotometric discrimination between TPF and other hexane-soluble pigments at 545 nm. This procedure has proved applicable to a wide range of seaweed taxa; 1 species of Chlorophyta, 4 species of Phaeophyta and 7 species of Rhodophyta tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008059314639
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Algalytic activity of α-mannosidase on harmful marine microalgae (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 12 (2000), S. 191-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: algalytic activity ; α-mannosidase ; Cochlodinium polykrikoides ; dinoflagellate ; red tide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract α-D mannose is present on the surface of thetoxic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides.When exposed to the enzyme α-mannosidase, livecells of C. polykrikoides lost motility, roundedup, swelled gradually, and then lysed. The enzymedemonstrated a wide spectrum of lytic activity towardthe harmful algal species of the family Gymnodiniales,Alexandrium tamarense and Eutreptiellagymnastica, but showed less effect on useful feedalgae such as Chaetoceros calcitrans, Dunaliella salina, Isochrysis galbana, and Navicula pelliculosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008124313633
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth activation of the microalga Isochrysis galbana by the aqueous extract of the seaweed Monostroma nitidum (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 10 (1998), S. 561-567 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: microalgal culture ; growth activation ; Isochrysis galbana ; microalgae ; Monostroma nitidum ; seaweed extract
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cell growth of the marine microalga Isochrysis galbana was regulated by the addition of seaweed extracts in the culture medium. Methanol-soluble extracts from 27 species of seaweed showed growth activation only from Enteromorpha linza, and growth inhibition from Ishige foliacea and Sargassum sagamianum. Water-soluble extracts from Grateloupia turuturu and Monostroma nitidum showed growth activation, while none of the seaweed showed growth inhibition. From results of growth activation of extracts on I. galbana, the water extract of M. nitidum was the most effective up to two-fold increase in cell density with the addition of 1 mg mL-1 of extract to the medium. The cell growth rate was increased from 0.52 to 0.65 d-1. Cell size, gross biochemical compositions, fatty acid compositions, and digestion efficiency by shellfish differed marginally between cultures of I. galbana grown with and without the M. nitidum aqueous extract. This extract has also enhanced the growth of other feed microalgae tested, including Dunaliella salina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008010519923
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of LiCl on compression and tension properties ofPophyra perforata tissue (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 8 (1996), S. 247-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: compression ; LiCl ; Porphyra ; seaweed ; tension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mechanical properties of various differentiated regions of thePorphyra perforata thallus and the effect of LiCl were studied by performing compression and tension tests. Among the various differentiated tissues, the holdfast area was high in its ‘compressive modulus of elasticity’ and ‘tensile modulus of elasticity’, possibly related to its thick matrix. Vegetative non-dividing tissue and vegetative dividing tissue were the most flexible and strong, showing the highest ‘percentage elongation at break’ and ‘tensile strength’. The patch area, which is a transition zone leading to sexually mature tissue, had moderate values of tensile properties. Meanwhile, sexually differentiated male and female tissues had the highest ‘compressive modulus of elasticity’ and lowest tensile properties. Thes tisues tended to crumble easily. Treatments in LiCl, as used for DNA extraction, resulted in a decrease in both ‘compressive modulus of elasticity’ (87%) and ‘tensile modulus of elasticity’ (54%). After treatment of tissue for chromosome staining in a method using LiCl, there was a marked decrease in ‘tensile modulus of elasticity’ (49%), while the ‘compressive modulus of elasticity’ remained unchanged. Such mechanical changes verify the softening effect of LiCl on the seaweedP. perforata tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02184978
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA extraction conditions fromPorphyra perforata using LiCl (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 7 (1995), S. 101-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: DNA extraction ; LiCl ; PCR ; Porphyra perforata ; seaweed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A rapid and economical method of DNA extraction from a red seaweedPorphyra perforata J. Agardh has been developed by the use of lithium chloride. This paper describes the optimization of extraction conditions. Heat treatment of tissues in a solution (0.8 M LiCl, 0.6% Sarkosyl, 10 mM EDTA, 0.2% PVPP, 5% ß-mercaptoethanol, pH 9.0) at 55 °C for 10 min extracts DNA that is of sufficient quality to be used as a template for PCR amplification. Total DNA yield was approximately 30 to 50μg g−1 t of partially dried tissue. Total RNA yield was approximately 400μg g−1 of partially dried tissue. Carbohydrate was contained as approximately 40 to 90 mM (expressed as glucose equivalents) from 1 g tissue, and protein contamination calculated as the O.D. 260/280 ratio was in the range of 1.4 to 1.7. The DNA was characterized by high molecular weight larger than 50 kb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00693055
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Algicidal activity of the seaweed Corallina pilulifera against red tide microalgae (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 12 (2000), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: algicide ; Cochlodinium polykrikoides ; Corallina pilulifera ; harmful microalgae ; red tide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of seaweeds from the coast of Korea have been tested in vitro for algicidal activity against the growth of the toxic microalga Cochlodinium polykrikoides. Blooms of C. polykrikoides and the ensuing mass mortalities of farmed fish and shellfish are an escalating and worrisome trend. Cell growth of C. polykrikoides was inhibited by the addition to the culture medium of several seaweed extracts. Inhibition of growth resulted from methanol-soluble extracts of the seaweeds Corallina pilulifera, Ulva pertusa, Ishige foliacea and Endarachne binghamiae. Growth inhibition also resulted from the water-soluble extract of C. pilulifera. Powder and dry tissue from the seaweed C. pilulifera also inhibited cell growth of C. polykrikoides. The active algicidal products of C. pilulifera showed stable activity when boiled, exposed to light, or when treated under alkaline condition. Corallina pilulifera had no regional and seasonal variations in this algicidal activity. A powder of the seaweed C. pilulifera, the most potent species, showed algicidal activity against several red tide microalgae, especially C. polykrikoides, Gymnodiniummikimotoi, G. sanguineum, Heterosigma akashiwo, Prorocentrum triestinum and Pyraminonas sp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008139129057
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gelling agents for tissue culture of the seaweed Hizikia fusiformis (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 9 (1997), S. 489-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Gelling agent ; Hizikia ; RAPD ; seaweed ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Callus and blade formation of the seaweed Hizikia fusiformis depended on the gelling agents used under axenic culture conditions. Excised cylindrical pieces (5 mm) of the hold fast were cultured on seven different gelling agents in seawater with added Provasoli's enrichment (PESI), at 40 µmol m−2 s−1 light intensity, 18 −C for 1 month. The highest percent of callus formation (47%), from holdfast pieces, was produced on solid medium composed of 2.0% high gel strength agar. No callus was formed in liquid medium. Blades, from holdfast pieces, were formed in PESI liquid medium at the rate of 45%, while the high level of axenic blade formation (30%) on solid support was observed on 0.5% high gel strength agar. Callus and blade were identified with the original strain, at the DNA level, using random amplified polymorphic DNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007980519620
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of Taq DNA polymerase by seaweed extracts from British Columbia, Canada and Korea (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 9 (1997), S. 383-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Inhibitor ; PCR amplification ; seaweed extract ; Taq polymerase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fifty-nine species of marine macrophytes from the coasts of British Columbia, Canada and Korea have been screened for the presence of PCR inhibitors, namely inhibitors of Taq DNA polymerase. Eleven of the species displayed some inhibitor activity. At the concentration of 5 µg of methanol extract in 25µL reaction mixture of PCR containing 1.5 unit of Taq DNA polymerase, one (Ulva sp.) of 8 Chlorophyta, eight (Colpomenia bullosa, Ecklonia cava, Endarachne binghamiae, Fucus distichus, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum confusum, Sargassum sagamianum, and Sargassum thunbergii) of 28 Phaeophyta, and one (Symphyocladia latiuscula) of 34 Rhodophyta showed inhibition in PCR amplification. In the case of the water extract, two (Cladophora columbiana, Ulva sp.) Chlorophyta, seven (Endarachne binghamiae, Fucus distichus, Hizikia fusiformis, Sargassum confusum, Sargassum sagamianum, Sargassum horneri, Scytosiphon dotyi) Phaeophyta, no Rhodophyta and one (Phyllospadix scouleri) seagrass showed inhibition in PCR amplification. the methanol fraction of Sargassum confusum and the water fraction of Fucus gardneri (mid–intertidal) have been found to inhibit PCR at level as low as 0.5 µg in 25µL of PCR reaction mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007925202219
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  • 10
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    The Edible Red Alga Porphyra yezoensis Promotes Neuronal Survival and Cytoarchitecture in Primary Hippocampal Neurons (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-11
    Print ISSN: 0272-4340
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-6830
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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