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  • 1
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    International Space Station Internal Thermal Control System Cold Plate/Fluid-Stability Test: Two Year Update (2003)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Operation of the Internal Thermal Control System (ITCS) Cold Plate/Fluid-Stability Test Facility commenced on September 5, 2000. The facility was intended to provide advance indication of potential problems on board the International Space Station (ISS) and was designed: 1) To be materially similar to the flight ITCS. 2) To allow for monitoring during operation. 3) To run continuously for three years. During the first two years of operation the conditions of the coolant and components were remarkably stable. During this same period of time, the conditions of the ISS ITCS significantly diverged from the desired state. Due to this divergence, the test facility has not been providing information useful for predicting the flight ITCS condition. Results of the first two years are compared with flight conditions over the same time period, showing the similarities and divergences. To address the divergences, the test facility was modified incrementally to more closely match the flight conditions, and to gain insight into the reasons for the divergence. Results of these incremental changes are discussed and provide insight into the development of the conditions on orbit.
    Keywords: Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
    Type: SAE Paper-2003-01-2518 , 33rd International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 07, 2003 - Jul 10, 2003; Vancouver, BC; Canada
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) Sodium Bicarbonate/Carbonate Buffer in an Open Aqueous Carbon Dioxide System and Corollary Electrochemical/Chemical Reactions Relative to System pH Changes (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The International Space Station (ISS) Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) experienced a number of chemical changes driven by system absorption of CO2 which altered the coolants pH. The natural effects of the decrease in pH from approximately 9.2 to less than 8.4 had immediate consequences on system corrosion rates and corrosion product interactions with specified coolant constituents. The alkalinity of the system was increased through the development and implementation of a carbonate/bicarbonate buffer that would increase coolant pH to 9.0 10.0 and maintain pH above 9.0 in the presence of ISS cabin concentrations of CO2 up to twenty times higher than ground concentrations. This paper defines how a carbonate/bicarbonate buffer works in an open carbon dioxide system and summarizes the analyses performed on the buffer for safe and effective application in the on-orbit system. The importance of the relationship between the cabin environment and the IATCS is demonstrated as the dominant factor in understanding the system chemistry and pH trends before and after addition of the carbonate/bicarbonate buffer. The paper also documents the corollary electrochemical and chemical reactions the system has experienced and the rationale for remediation of these effects with the addition of the carbonate/bicarbonate buffer.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics; Chemistry and Materials (General)
    Type: JSC-CN-30963 , International Conference on Environmental Systems; Jul 13, 2014 - Jul 17, 2014; Tucson, AZ; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    ISS Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) Coolant Remediation Project (2005)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The IATCS coolant has experienced a number of anomalies in the time since the US Lab was first activated on Flight 5A in February 2001. These have included: 1) a decrease in coolant pH, 2) increases in inorganic carbon, 3) a reduction in phosphate buffer concentration, 4) an increase in dissolved nickel and precipitation of nickel salts, and 5) increases in microbial concentration. These anomalies represent some risk to the system, have been implicated in some hardware failures and are suspect in others. The ISS program has conducted extensive investigations of the causes and effects of these anomalies and has developed a comprehensive program to remediate the coolant chemistry of the on-orbit system as well as provide a robust and compatible coolant solution for the hardware yet to be delivered. The remediation steps include changes in the coolant chemistry specification, development of a suite of new antimicrobial additives, and development of devices for the removal of nickel and phosphate ions from the coolant. This paper presents an overview of the anomalies, their known and suspected system effects, their causes, and the actions being taken to remediate the coolant.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics
    Type: SAE-051CES-279 , 2005 International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES) 35th Annual Meeting; Jul 11, 2005 - Jul 14, 2005; Rome; Italy
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    ISS Internal Active Thermal Control System (IATCS) Coolant Remediation Project -2006 Update (2006)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The IATCS coolant has experienced a number of anomalies in the time since the US Lab was first activated on Flight 5A in February 2001. These have included: 1) a decrease in coolant pH, 2) increases in inorganic carbon, 3) a reduction in phosphate concentration, 4) an increase in dissolved nickel and precipitation of nickel salts, and 5) increases in microbial concentration. These anomalies represent some risk to the system, have been implicated in some hardware failures and are suspect in others. The ISS program has conducted extensive investigations of the causes and effects of these anomalies and has developed a comprehensive program to remediate the coolant chemistry of the on-orbit system as well as provide a robust and compatible coolant solution for the hardware yet to be delivered. This paper presents a status of the coolant stability over the past year as well as results from destructive analyses of hardware removed from the on-orbit system and the current approach to coolant remediation.
    Keywords: Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry
    Type: Rept-06ICES-114 , 2006 International Conference on Environmental Systems (ICES) 36th Annual Meeting; Jul 17, 2006 - Jul 20, 2006; Norfolk, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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