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Radon Distribution in Domestic Water of Texas (1988)

Cech, Irina ; Kreitler, Charles ; Prichard, Howard ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Ground water 26 (1988), S. 0

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ISSN: 1745-6584

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences

Notes: Concern is mounting over possible adverse health effects associated with exposure to elevated domestic alpha radiation levels (Bean et al, 1982); Petersen et al., 1966; Lyman et al, 1985; Cothern, 1987). Radon released during domestic use of ground water is one of the potential routes of such exposure. However, relatively little is known worldwide about the distribution of alpha-emitting radioisotopes in ground-water supplies. In Texas, deposits of uranium occur, rich enough to be mined commercially, and the possibility existed that significant concentrations of uranium disintegration products may have been present in ground-water supplies. Cech et al. (1987a) identified two regions with anomalously high concentrations of radium-226: in the Gulf Coast, downdip from uranium deposits, and in west-central Texas, on the periphery of an igneous uplift. Radium-226 is a parent of radon-222 which is a focus of the present paper. Concentrations of radon up to 3300 pCi/1 were observed in several domestic-water supplies. This study suggests that it may be external sources (interaction of Tertiary aquifers with salt domes, leaky faults, and uranium-bearing volcanic ashes) and not the bulk mineralogy of the aquifers, which cause anomalous concentrations of alpha-emitting radioisotopes in well water. The distinction is important, as it offers the possibility of avoiding high risk areas when selecting well drilling locations.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00789.x

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Exposure estimates for the Houston Area Asthma Study (1982)

Kotchmar, Dennis J. ; Stock, Thomas H. ; Holguin, Alfonso H. ; [et al.]

Springer

Environmental monitoring and assessment 2 (1982), S. 129-138

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ISSN: 1573-2959

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Abstract Procedures for determining exposure extimates for the Houston Area Asthma Study are discussed. Two residential clusters of asthmatics in the Houston area have been studied as part of an overall attempt to assess the health effects of air pollution in the Texas Gulf Coast area. Air pollutant exposure data have been produced according to a three-tier monitoring scheme, i.e. (1) continuous data from centrally-located fixed stations, (2) residential indoor/outdoor measurements, and (3) personal monitoring. This air monitoring network should yield estimates of individual exposures for use in health effect correlations. The fixed sites and mobile continuously monitor ambient levels of ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and meteorological parameters (wind speed, wind direction, temperature, dew point, solar irradiation, and precipitation). Continuous sequential integrated sampling is preformed for total suspended particulates (TSP) and, inhalable particulates (IP) (total of 〈 2.5μm and 2.5–15.0 μm) by dichotomous samplers for 24 hr samplers), aldehydes (bubblers), and aeroallergens (intermittent rotorod samplers). In addition to gravimetric determinations, particulate filters are routinely analyzed for sulfate, nitrate, and (every third day) trace elements. Personal monitoring includes ozone, respirable particles, nitrogen dioxide and formaldehyde. A quality assurance/control program that meets specifications established in the EPA Quality Assurance Handbook for air pollution measurement systems was implemented. Examples of results consisting of unvalidated preliminary data from the monitoring for ozone for three participants is presented and approaches to determining exposure estimates are discussed for both an integrated exposure estimate and short time period exposure estimate.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399161

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