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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RNA synthesis specific for an integrated adenovirus genome during the cell cycle (1974)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 250 (1974), S. 416-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] All experiments were performed with a cloned population5 which demonstrated levels of T antigen and synthesis of virus-specific RNA at least equivalent to those of the un-cloned population. Cells were maintained in spinner cultures in Eagle's MEM (without calcium)6 enriched with 5% dialysed calf ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/250416a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome stabilizing structures in mitotic Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) cells1 (1984)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 40 (1984), S. 871-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new technique which removes all membranes, cytoskeletal elements, organelles, but preserves intact metaphase, anaphase and telophase configurations is combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as an approach for direct visualization of chromosomal behavior in late mitosis. With this approach we are able to confirm the presence of a centromeric ring which stabilizes the centromeres during the cell cycle and present evidence for a lattice-like sheet of interchromatidic fibers in late mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01952002
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intermediate structures in nuclear morphogenesis following metaphase from HeLaS3 cells can be isolated and temporally grouped (1990)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 99 (1990), S. 169-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previously nuclear reformation following metaphase in HeLaS3 cells was conceptualized in terms of a stepwise process which was continuous throughout anaphase and telophase. This concept was based on a three-dimensional visualization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of individual, organically prepared chromatid structures (prenuclei) which could be sequentially arranged. Morphologic analysis revealed unique topographies and morphometric properties which suggested that it should be possible to isolate populations of prenuclei aqueously. Such an isolation using detergents and density centrifugation is presented which yields metaphase plates and two populations of prenuclei with distinctive morphology. Essentially, prenuclei are freed from late mitotic cells in suspension cultures of synchronized HeLaS3 cells by treatment with 0.1% Nonidet-P40 followed by treatment with a mixture of Tween 40-desoxycholate (0.5%). Critical for the isolation is the presence of a divalent cation (5 mM Mg+ +) and an acid pH (~ 5.8). After density centrifugation, 2N decondensing structures (late intermediates) are recovered from 42% Percoll, and a mixture of 2N predecondensing (early intermediates) and 4N metaphase plates are recovered from 52% Percoll. The latter intermediates can be further separated into highly enriched populations (〉94% pure) by fluorescence-activated sorting. Predecondensing structures are of the same overall morphology as prenuclei isolated previously by organic means, can also be ordered sequentially to demonstrate nuclear morphogenesis, and retain centromere/kinetochore loci. These chromosomal loci based on immunostaining of individual structures appear to be positioned centrally during chromatid reassociation and then appear to be dispersed prior to structural rearrangements leading to formation of a disc-like prenucleus. The significance of grouping intermediates temporally and of two protocols of isolation yielding the same structures is discussed with regard to a study of the requirements for nuclear morphogenesis in late mitosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731127
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postmetaphase nuclear formation: loss of a chromosomal epitope coincident with apparent chromatid coalescence (1996)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 105 (1996), S. 31-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Previously, we have conceptualized mitotic nuclear formation following metaphase as a morphogenic process and have suggested that sets of chromatids, after separation from a metaphase plate, can be thought of as prenuclei. Such structures can be grouped temporally as either early or late prenuclei based on morphologic, morphometric and density characteristics. Sequential ordering of early prenuclei is of particular interest because it reveals that condensed chromatids coalesce with the resulting formation of a unique chambered structure. In this paper we describe data obtained with a newly raised monoclonal antibody (mAb-2) that initially recognizes an epitope(s) on metaphase chromosomes. Light and confocal fluorescent microscopy of early prenuclei reveal that the chromosomal epitope can no longer be detected about chromatids after their apparent coalescence. Immunoblot analysis of dispersed polypeptides of metaphase plates and early prenuclei indicates that the major protein antigens recognized by mAb-2 have apparent molecular masses of approximately 106000 and 80500 and that each is likely composed of multiple charge isomers. A dual fluorescent analysis using mAb-2 and high-titer anti-lamin B serum provides additional evidence that chromatid coalescence is a separate, early event that precedes nuclear lamina formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004120050156
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear reformation following metaphase in HeLa S3 cells: Three-dimensional visualization of chromatid rearrangements (1985)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 93 (1985), S. 57-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nuclear reformation from chromatids following metaphase was visualized three-dimensionally for the first time in mammalian cells (HeLa S3) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Anaphase and telophase configurations free of mitotic apparatus, cytoskeletal elements and nuclear envelope were prepared using a slightly modified standard cytological procedure which permitted visualization of chromatid position and orientation. Mid-anaphase alignments were observed to be more complex than previously revealed by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). One pole consisted of chromatids joined along their lateral length, the other pole consisted of telomeres, apparently of the longest chromatids, aligned in a double concentric layer. As anaphase progressed, re-association of these chromatids appeared to occur progressively along their lateral length toward their telomeres. Morphological evidence is presented suggesting that this lateral re-association may involve interchromatid fibers. After complete joining, structures resembling a hollow half sphere had formed. Based on different preparative procedures for SEM and published TEM analysis, it is this shell-like configuration upon which the nuclear envelope is reestablished in early telophase. As telophase progressed there was loss in depth of the internal chamber resulting in a disc configuration. Following loss of chromatid outline from the surface of this structure, interphase nuclear shape was assumed. Morphometric determinations revealed relative dimensions of chromatid configurations and supported the conclusion that nuclear reformation proceeded by discrete steps. The complexity of such a process, as revealed by SEM analysis, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01259447
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake and early fate of metaphase chromosomes ingested by the Wi-L2 human lymphoid cell line (1978)
    Springer
    Somatic cell and molecular genetics 4 (1978), S. 55-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aspects of the ingestion and early intracellular fate of homologous, [3H]-thymidine-labeled chromosomes (donor) were studied in recipient Wi-L2 cells in the absence of reutilized radioactivity. As much as 67% of the cell-associated radioactivity was resistant to hydrolysis by DNase I after 4 h of incubation. Cell fractionation and electron microscope autoradiography indicated that chromosome uptake was rapid, into both cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions and was facilitator and dose dependent. Sedimentation analysis demonstrated that at 4 h donor DNA of approximate single-strand mol wt of 1–6×106, as compared to 6–12× 106 for chromosomal DNA, was recoverable in cell fractions. By 6 h, a significant portion of the nucleus-associated donor DNA was converted into material of higher mol wt, although no evidence was found for integration into recipient DNA, Cytoplasmic donor DNA continued to be degraded. An average number of chromosome equivalents of nucleusassociated donor DNA to recipient cell nuclei of 1–4 was obtained and its relationship to the lower frequency of chromosome-mediated gene transfer is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01546493
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer graphics of SEM images facilitate recognition of chromosome position in isolated human metaphase plates (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 30 (1995), S. 408-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Mitosis ; Chromosomes ; Lung cells ; HeLa S3 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: There is general agreement that at the time of mitosis chromosomes occupy precise positions and that these positions likely affect subsequent nuclear function in interphase. However, before such ideas can be investigated in human cells, it is necessary to determine first the precise position of each chromosome with regard to its neighbors. It has occurred to us that stereo images, produced by scanning electron microscopy, of isolated metaphase plates could form the basis whereby these positions could be ascertained. In this paper we describe a computer graphic technique that permits us to keep track of individual chromosomes in a metaphase plate and to compare chromosome positions in different metaphas plates. Moreover, the computer graphics provide permanent, easily manipulated, rapid recall of stored chromosome profiles. These advantages are demonstrated by a comparison of the relative position of group A - specific and groups D - and G - specific chromosomes to the full complement of chromosomes in metaphase plates isolated from a nearly triploid human-derived cell (HeLa S3) to a hypo-diploid human fetal lung cell. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070300507
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression in synchronized lymphocytes: Studies on the control of synthesis of immunoglobulin polypeptidesThis investigation was supported in part by U. S. Public Health Service Research grants RO1-CA 11181 and PO1-CA 10815 from the National Cancer Institute. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 77 (1971), S. 265-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A concept has been suggested that the role of immunogen is to stimulate resting cells to enter a phase of the cell cycle in which the synthesis of immunoglobulin is obligatory. This process conceivably involves the initial union of cells with immunogen followed by a subsequent transition from resting to proliferating cell. Several aspects of an in vitro cellular transition have been investigated using cultured WIL2 lymphocytes which are shown to enter the G1 phase of the cell cycle upon release from rest. This transition is associated with phenotypic changes in the cells manifested by differences in density of individual cells and the amount and profile of polyribosomes. An increase in the rate of synthesis of total protein and specific immunoglobulin polypeptides accompanies the G0 to G1 transition. Agents useful in bacterial and other mammalian cell systems to probe translational versus transcriptional control mechanisms are active in these lymphocytes. This cellular model appears to offer unique opportunities to approach regulatory problems in cell biology because large numbers of synchronized cells are obtainable in which specific messenger-RNAs and their corresponding polypeptides can be isolated in relatively pure form.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040770215
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  • 9
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    NONPERMISSIVE INFECTIONS OF MAMMALIAN CELLS: SYNTHESIS OF INFLUENZA VIRUS GENOME IN HeLa CELLS (1969)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1969-10-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Adenovirus Messenger RNA in Mammalian Cells: Failure of Polyribosome Association in the Absence of Nuclear Cleavage (1972)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1972-06-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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