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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ‘A’ genome donor of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. (Gramineae) (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 84 (1992), S. 747-754 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Eleusine coracana ; Finger millet ; Poly ploidy ; Interspecific hybrids ; Genome analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In an attempt to discover ‘A’ and ‘B’ genome donor(s) to finger millet, Eleusine coracana, or its progenitor species, E. africana (both allotetraploid 2n=4x=36), five diploid species, E. Indica, E. Floccifolia, E. multiflora, E. tristachya and E. intermedia, were crossed to finger millet and its progenitor taxon. Crosses were successful only with E. coracana. Three combinations of triploid hybrids E. coracana x E. indica, E. coracana x E. floccifolia, and E. coracana x E. multiflora were obtained and analysed. Meiotic behaviour was perfectly normal in parental species. The regular number of 18 bivalents in E. coracana, 9 bivalents in E. indica, E. intermedia, E. tristachya and E. floccifolia and 8 bivalents in E. multiflora were invariably noticed. In E. coracana x E. indica hybrids a mean chromosome pairing of 8.84I+8.80II+0.03III+0.10IV per cell was found. About 86.5% of the cells showed the typical 9I+9II configuration, suggesting that E. indica (AA) is one of the diploid genome donors to cultivated species E. coracana. A mean chromosome pairing of 11.08I+7.63II+0.16III+0.04IV per cell was found in E. coracana x E. floccifolia hybrids. Two to ten bivalents and varying numbers of univalents were seen in 55% of the cells. About 45% of the cells showed the 9I+9II configuration. Various evidence suggests that perennial E. floccifolia is a primitive member of the ‘A’ genome group of Eleusine species, and it may not be a genome donor to E. coracana. In E. coracana x E. multiflora hybrids (2n=26) mean chromosome pairing of 21.45I+1.97II+0.13III+0.04IV per cell was found. About 91% of the cells were observed to have 20–26 univalents. Only a small percentage of the cells contained bivalents or multivalents. This pairing behaviour indicates that E. multiflora lacks genomic homology with the ‘A’ or ‘B’ genome of E. coracana. Genomically E. multiflora is a distinct species and a genomic symbol of ‘C’ is assigned to it. Identification of the ‘B’ genome donor species to cultivated millet. E. coracana remains elusive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224180
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Origin, evolution and genome differentiation in Guizotia abyssinica and its wild species (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1993), S. 587-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Guizotia abyssinica ; Genome ; Interspecific hybridization ; Evolution ; Karyotype
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Guizotia abyssinica, G. schimperi and G. scabra are diploid species (2n=2x=30) characterised by 15 bivalents during prophase-I/metaphase-I of meiosis. The former species is cultivated whereas the latter two are wild. Interspecific hybrids between these three species were generated and the F1 hybrids were analysed to assess cytogenetic relationships and crop evolution within the genus Guizotia. Meiotic chromosome configurations at diakenesis/metaphase-I in the pollen mother cells of hybrids averaged 0.25I + 14.60II + 0.15IV for G. abyssinica x G. schimperi, 0.05I + 13.6II + 0.14III + 0.58IV for G. abyssinica x G. scabra, and 0.8I + 12.7II + 0.08III + 0.88IV for G. schimperi x G. scabra. Based upon the results of our investigations we conclude that the genomes of G. abyssinica and G. schimperi are similar and homologous, whereas the G. scabra genome is only partially homologous to that of G. abyssinica/G. schimperi. Furthermore, the crop species G. abyssinica might have originated from G. schimperi through selection and cultivation; chromosome translocations appear to have played a significant role in the divergence and differentiation of these three species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221882
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative nuclear DNA changes inEleusine (Gramineae) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 178 (1991), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Gramineae ; Eleusine ; DNA amount ; intra- and interspecific variation ; karyotypes ; hybridisation ; polyploidy ; domestication ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 2C nuclear DNA amounts were determined in 30 collections belonging to 10 species ofEleusine. About a 2.5-fold variation in genome size is evident in the genus. The 2C DNA amount in the diploid species ranged from 2.50 pg inE. verticillata to 3.35 pg inE. intermedia. In contrast, the tetraploid species showed a range from 4.95 pg inE. africana to 6.13 pg inE. floccifolia. At intraspecific level 10 collections ofE. coracana, 6 ofE. indica, 4 ofE. africana, 2 ofE. tristachya, and 2 ofE. kigeziensis did not show any significant variation. However, 2 collections ofE. floccifolia, connected with polyploidy, displayed about 90% variation. Polyploid species showed approximately double the genome size of that of their corresponding diploids. An evolutionary increase in DNA amount is evident inE. coracana during the course of its origin and domestication fromE. africana.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00937965
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Domestication of niger (Guizotia abyssinica) (1988)
    Springer
    Euphytica 37 (1988), S. 225-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Guizotia abyssinica ; niger ; domestication ; oilseed crop
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Phytogeographic, morphological and cytogenetical evidences suggest that niger has originated through selection and further cultivation of a large grained mutant of Guizotia scabra ssp schimperi. This progenitor species is found only in the northern part of the Ethiopian highlands; therefore, it is proposed that niger was domesticated in the Ethiopian highlands. Evidence indicates that niger was probably domesticated earlier than 3000 B.C. and entered India through trade routes before the Christian era.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00015118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genome analysis of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn (1974)
    Springer
    Euphytica 23 (1974), S. 489-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two sets of interspecific hybrids E. coracana x E. africana and E. coracana x E. indica were produced. The hybrids were intermediate between the parent species for most of the matrical characters observed. The dominance-recessive relationships of various qualitative characters were studied in the hybrids. Meiotic behaviour was normal in the parent species. Regular 18 bivalents were observed in E. coracana, E. africana and invariably 9 bivalents were noticed in E. indica. In an E. coracana x E. africana hybrid mean chromosome pairing of 0.004 I+17.71 II+0.06 III+0.08 IV per cell was found. About 87% of the cells showed regular 18 bivalent formation. Preponderance of bivalent formation in the hybrid strongly suggests that the genomes of E. coracana and E. africana are basically similar and E. coracana might have originated as a result of selection and further cultivation of a large grain mutant from E. africana. The genomic notation of AABB has been proposed for these two species. From meiotic analysis it is obvious that E. africana is an allotetraploid and must have originated as a result of hybridization between two diploid taxa followed by chromosome doubling. In triploid E. coracana x E. indica hybrid 99.5% of the cells contained 27 univalents and 0.5% of the cells showed a single bivalent and 25 univalents. This pairing behaviour indicates that E. indica may not be A or B genome donor to this millet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022469
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative nuclear DNA differences associated with genome evolution in Guizotia (Compositae) (1992)
    Springer
    Genetica 85 (1992), S. 241-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: Compositae ; DNA amount ; evolution ; Guizotia ; karyotype
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present communication deals with 2C nuclear genome size variation in a fairly small genus Guizotia. Twenty-four accessions belonging to six species, out of seven known, were analysed in order to elucidate the extent of DNA variation both at an intra—as well as interspecific level. At the intraspecific level none of the species exhibited significant differences in their genome size. Between the species, the 2C DNA amounts ranged from 3.61 pg in G. reptans to 11.37 pg in G. zavattarii; over three-fold DNA variation is evident. Apparently these interspecific DNA differences have been achieved independent of the numerical chromosomal change(s), as all the Guizotias share a common chromosome number 2n=2x=30. The cultivated oilseed crop, G. abyssinica (7.57 pg), has accommodated nearly 78% extra DNA in its chromosome complement during the evolutionary time scale of its origin and domestication from the wild progenitor G. schimperi (4.25 pg). The extent of genomic DNA difference(s) between the species has been discussed in the light of their interrelationships and diversity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00132276
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  • 7
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    Quantitative nuclear DNA differences associated with genome evolution in Guizotia (Compositae) (1992)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-6707
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-6857
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
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    Assessment of Soil Fertility of Grape Field at Bijapur District, Karnataka, India (2010)
    Hindawi
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-01
    Description: Assessment of soil fertility at Bijapur district (Karnataka, India), grape yard of various localities was undertaken. Grape is an important fruit crop of northern parts of Karnataka and it is grown over 9000 hectors. The survey includes 15 grape yards and surface soil samples up to depth of 30 cm were collected and after drying were passed through 2 mm sieve. The soil samples were analyzed for various attributes. The data on analysis revealed that the soil was clay in texture which is considered quite fit for grape growing. The soil pH of various grape fields ranged from 7.2 to 8.8 slightly above the optimum range. The electrical conductivity values varied from 0.18 to 1.75 dS/m well below the critical concentration. The carbon content ranges from 0.23 to 1.01 kg/ha. The available nitrogen was in lower range 45 to 337.5 kg/hector. This might be due to high range of mineralization due to high temperature (dry zone) and loss of nitrogen in the form of ammonia. The soil available phosphorous content range from 15.00 to 48.9 kg/hector which was medium in range. The available potassium ranged from 115 to 592 kg/hector which were high range in all the grape fields.
    Electronic ISSN: 0973-4945
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Hindawi
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