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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Mission performance, mass, initial power, and cost are determined for solar electric propulsion vehicles across a range of payload masses, reference powers, and mission trajectories. Thick radiation shielding is added to arrays using indium phosphide or III-V multijunction solar cells to reduce the damage incurred through the radiation belts. Special assessments of power management and distribution systems, atmospheric drag, and energy storage are made. It is determined that atmospheric drag is of no great concern and that the energy storage used in countering drag is unnecessary. A scheme to package the arrays, masts, and ion thrusters into a single fairing is presented.
    Keywords: GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)
    Type: AIAA PAPER 90-3824
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Solar electric propulsion (SEP) is an alternative to chemical and nuclear powered propulsion systems for both piloted and unpiloted Mars transport vehicles. Photovoltaic solar cell and array technologies were evaluated as components of SEP power systems. Of the systems considered, the SEP power system composed of multijunction solar cells in an ENTECH domed fresnel concentrator array had the least array mass and area. Trip times to Mars optimized for minimum propellant mass were calculated. Additionally, a preliminary vehicle concept was designed.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-TM-103234 , E-5654 , NAS 1.15:103234
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Solar arrays can provide reliable space power, but do not operate when there is no solar energy. Photovoltaic arrays can also convert laser energy with high efficiency. One proposal to reduce the required mass of energy storage required is to illuminate the photovoltaic arrays by a ground laser system. It is proposed to locate large lasers on cloud-free sites at one or more ground locations, and use large lenses or mirrors with adaptive optical correction to reduce the beam spread due to diffraction or atmospheric turbulence. During the eclipse periods or lunar night, the lasers illuminate the solar arrays to a level sufficient to provide operating power.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: AIAA PAPER 91-3419
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Photovoltaic and nuclear surface power systems were examined at the 20 to 100 kW power level range for use at a human-tended lunar astronomical observatory, and estimates of the power system masses were made. One system, consisting of an SP-100 thermoelectric nuclear power supply integrated with a lunar lander, is recommended for further study due to its low system mass, potential for modular growth, and applicability to other surface power missions, particularly in the Martian system.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA-TM-102015 , E-4729 , NAS 1.15:102015 , Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference; Aug 06, 1989 - Aug 11, 1989; Washington, DC; United States
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A survey was made of factors that may affect the design of photovoltaic arrays for a lunar base. These factors, which include the lunar environment and system design criteria, are examined. A photovoltaic power system design with a triangular array geometry is discussed and compared to a nuclear reactor power system and a power system utilizing both nuclear and solar power sources.
    Keywords: GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)
    Type: IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference; May 21, 1990 - May 25, 1990; Kissimmee, FL; United States
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: As a part of the Space Exploratory Initiative (SEI), NASA-Lewis is studying Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) spacecraft to be used as a cargo transport vehicle to Mars. Two preliminary structural design concepts are offered for SEP spacecraft: a split blanket array configuration, and a ring structure. The split blanket configuration is an expansion of the photovoltaic solar array design proposed for Space Station Freedom and consists of eight independent solar blankets stretched and supported from a central mast. The ring structural concept is a circular design with the solar blanket stretched inside a ring. This concept uses a central mast with guy wires to provide additional support to the ring. The two design concepts are presented, then compared by performing stability, normal modes, and forced response analyses for varying levels of blanket and guy wire preloads. The ring structure configuration is shown to be advantageous because it is much stiffer, more stable, and deflects less under loading than the split blanket concept.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Type: AIAA PAPER 92-2536 , AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference; Apr 13, 1992 - Apr 15, 1992; Dallas, TX; United States
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Photovoltaic and nuclear surface power systems were examined at the 20 to 100 kW power level range for use at a human-tended lunar astronomical observatory, andestimates of the power system masses were made. One system, consisting of an SP-100 thermoelectric nuclear power supply integrated with a lunar lander, is recommended for further study due to its low system mass, potential for modular growth, and applicability to other surface power missions, particularly in the Martian system.
    Keywords: GROUND SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND FACILITIES (SPACE)
    Type: IECEC-89; Aug 06, 1989 - Aug 11, 1989; Washington, DC; United States
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