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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 21 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: A hydrogeologic investigation was conducted to determine the source of recharge to the Littlefield Springs, a series of carbonate springs occurring along a 10 km (6 mile) reach of the Virgin River in northwestern Arizona. The most probable sources of recharge to the springs were determined to be influent Virgin River water and precipitation within the springs hydrologic basin. These recharge sources could account for the total discharge of the springs. The Littlefield Springs have essentially constant discharge 1.84 cms (65 cfs), and quality 2940 mg/L TDS. Tritium analyses of the spring and river water indicate that there are at least two different sources of recharge to the Littlefield Springs–one a minimum of 22 years old and the other younger than 22 years old. Analysis of the influent Virgin River upstream from the springs indicates a 1·42 cms (50 cfs) loss at 2130 mg/L TDS and the same ionic ratio of dissolved constituents as the springs. The travel time of this recharge source is interpreted to be a minimum of 22 years. Local recharge to the springs has been estimated to be 0·31 cms (11 cfs). The presence of local recharge is indicated by pulse train gaging of the springs, and by water quality at a well upstream of the springs and at the first upstream occurrence of the springs. The travel time of this recharge source is interpreted to be less than 22 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 10 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Vertical shafts are roughly cylindrical voids in carbonate rocks. They range in diameter from inches to tens of feet and in height from inches to hundreds of feet. They are produced by vertically descending ground water from perched ground-water reservoirs or surface water. These features are common throughout the Interior Lowlands and Appalachian Plateaus Provinces. Vertical shafts form the headwater termini of complex drainage networks that aggregate the waters into master drains which carry the water to big springs. The drains evolve through time as base level is lowered but retain a dendritic pattern. Shafts are very short lived and occur only near the edge of the clastic caprock in the study area in south central Kentucky. Shafts are formed by free flowing sheets or films of vadose water streaming down the walls in supercritical flow. These waters are undersaturated with respect to calcite at both top and bottom of the shaft, although there is a measurable uptake of CaCO3 as the water traverses the shaft walls. The shafts act as aeration chambers, and there is much loss of carbon dioxide from the ground water during movement through this segment of the underground route.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 39 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: Multi-year Instrumental records for input, throughflow and output waters of the Lilburn Cave system provide control on denudation rates as they respond to seasonal and spatial variability. Data suggest that maximum denudation is in the late fall and early winter. This is when non-snowmelt discharge is at Its maximum. At lower discharge rates the volume of water moving through the cave system Is the limiting control on the volume of denudation. During periods of snowmelt the limiting control is the rate at which the calcite dissolves. This is probably the result of water flowing through wider channels during these times. Based on instrumental measurements, there is considerable variation in terms of where denudation occurs inside the cave. The loci of dissolution change from year to year. This is to be expected in the dynamic environment of the cave where materials shift routinely. This variability should be studied over longer periods of time in order to more fully understand its extent. The relatively small area of carbonate exposure relative to the area of the drainage basin gives rise to relatively high denudation rates. The carbonate Is being removed at a rate of about 5000 metric tons per year, or at about 830 mm/y. This is about five times the rate reported in the humid karst regions of Malaysia. This information indicates that the relative proportion of carbonate in the drainage basin needs to be considered when trying to estimate denudation in other areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water monitoring & remediation 9 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-6592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: The Geonics EM-39 borehole induction tool was field tested to evaluate its performance under controlled conditions. The effects of temperature changes and borehole fluids were found to be negligible under most conditions. The instrument can be calibrated in large bodies of water of known electrical conductivity. When properly calibrated, the ± 5 percent accuracy claimed by the manufacturer is obtainable. A geologic unit must be at least 4m thick for the electrical conductivity of the unit to be accurately measured. Geologic units thinner than 4m thick can be detected if the conductivity contrast to adjacent units is sufficiently large.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental geology 19 (1992), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-0157
    Keywords: Key words Ghana ; general hydogeology ; hydrochemistry ; sedimentary rocks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Le bassin sédimentaire de Volta du sud s'étend sur environ 5000 km2 dans le centre-est du Ghana. Dans ce bassin, les eaux souterraines sont présentes dans les fractures d'aquifères de roches détritiques siliceuses consolidées, présentant une zone non saturée peu épaisse. Les paramètres des aquifères ont été calculés à partir des données disponibles d'essais d'aquifère provenant de 28 puits peu profonds. Les valeurs de la conductivité hydraulique sont comprises entre 0,04 et 3,6 m/j et sont supérieures de deux ordres de grandeur environ à celles calculées à partir de la loi de Darcy et de la vitesse moyenne d'écoulement de l'eau souterraine déduite des datations par le radiocarbone. Une analyse par régression linéaire des données de transmissivité et de coefficient d'emmagasinement a permis d'établir une relation empirique entre le log de la transmissivité et le log du coefficient d'emmagasinement pour les aquifères sous-jacents. Le chimisme de l'eau souterraine dans le bassin est contrôlé par l'altération d'un plagioclase albitique. Les taux d'altération de différents minéraux ont été estimés au moyen de la vitesse moyenne dans le bassin, d'après les données de radiocarbone. Le taux calculé d'altération de l'albite est de 2,16 μmol L–1 an–1, à laquelle est associée la formation de 3,3 μmol L–1 an–1 de kaolinite et de 0,047 μmol L–1 an–1 de calcite. La faible porosité et la faible perméabilité des aquifères du bassin sont attribuées à la précipitation de minéraux secondaires à la surface des fractures et dans les espaces poraux des intercalations.
    Abstract: Resumen La zona sur de la Cuenca Sedimentaria de Voltaia ocupa un área de unos 5000 km2 en la parte este-central de Ghana. El agua subterránea en esta cuenca aparece en las fracturas de un material silicoclástico altamente consolidado, sobre el que existe una zona no saturada de pequeño espesor. Los parámetros del acuífero se evaluaron a partir de datos de ensayos de bombeo en 28 pozos superficiales. Los valores de conductividad hidráulica oscilaron entre 0.04–3.6 m/d y son unos dos órdenes de magnitud superiores a los calculados a partir de aplicar la Ley de Darcy a la velocidad media del agua estimada mediante la datación con Carbono-14. El análisis mediante regresión lineal de los datos de transmisividad y caudal específico permiten establecer una relación empírica entre ambos. La hidroquímica del agua subterránea de la cuenca por la erosión del feldespato plagioclásico albítico. Las velocidades de erosión de los distintos materiales se estimaron a partir de las velocidades medias derivadas de los datos de 14C. La velocidad de erosión de la albita se ha calculado en 2.16 μmol L–1 año–1, con la consiguiente formación de 3.3 μmol L–1 año–1 de caolinita y de 0.047 μmol L–1 año–1 de calcita. Las bajas porosidades y permeabilidades de los acuíferos en la cuenca se atribuyen a la precipitación de minerales secundarios en las superficies de fractura y en los espacios intersticiales.
    Notes: Abstract  The southern Voltaian Sedimentary Basin underlies an area of about 5000 km2 in east-central Ghana. Groundwater in the basin occurs in fractures in highly consolidated siliciclastic aquifers overlain by a thin unsaturated zone. Aquifer parameters were evaluated from available aquifer-test data on 28 shallow wells in the basin. Hydraulic-conductivity values range from 0.04–3.6 m/d and are about two orders of magnitude greater than the hydraulic conductivity calculated using Darcy's Law and the average groundwater velocity estimated from carbon-14 dating. Linear-regression analysis of the transmissivity and specific-capacity data allowed the establishment of an empirical relationship between log transmissivity and log specific capacity for the underlying aquifers. Groundwater chemistry in the basin is controlled by the weathering of albitic plagioclase feldspar. The weathering rates of various minerals were estimated using 14C-derived average velocity in the basin. The weathering rate of albite was calculated to be 2.16 μmol L–1 yr–1 with the resulting formation of 3.3 μmol L–1 yr–1 of kaolinite and 0.047 μmol L–1 yr–1 of calcite. The low porosity and permeability of the aquifers in the basin are attributed to the precipitation of secondary minerals on fracture surfaces and interlayer pore spaces.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1992-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0943-0105
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0495
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1998-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1431-2174
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-0157
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Springer
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