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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vanadate potentiates the glycogenic action of insulin-like growth factors on isolated diaphragm
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 309 (1992), S. 209-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Diaphragm ; Glycogen ; Insulin ; Insulin-like growth factor I ; Insulin-like growth factor II ; Vanadate
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(92)81096-5
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Androgen resistance and deficiency have different effects on the growing skeleton of the rat (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 198-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Growth ; Androgens ; Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Mature male, female, and androgen-resistant testicular feminized (Tfm) male rats of the same strain were sacrificed at the age of 120 days. Young male and Tfm rats were orchidectomized (orch) at 1 month of age and sacrificed at 120 days. The right femora were dissected, cleaned, defatted, and scanned with the Hologic QDR-1000. Orch and Tfm rats had similar body weights that were intermediate between body weights of their normal male and female littermates. Serum IGF-I concentrations were lowest in Tfm rats; IGF-1 concentrations in orch rats were not lower than in males. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry yielded the following results: Total femoral mass and area were lower in female, Tfm rats and in both orch groups compared with intact male rats. Femoral bone density was, however, only decreased in orch rats. Bone density measured in an area containing only cortical bone was not different between groups. However, the density was lower in orch rats in an area containing both cancellous and cortical bone. This finding is consistent with a ±50% decrease of cancellous bone volume in orch rats compared with all other groups at the proximal tibial metaphysis (an area containing mainly cancellous bone). These data show that Tfm rats, despite having lower IGF-I levels in serum, low body weight, and decreased femoral areas, manage—in contrast with orchidectomized rats—to maintain similar trabecular bone densities and volumes during growth. We conclude that trabecular bone densities can be preserved in androgen-resistant male rats independent of bone or body growth velocity or IGF-I secretion. We postulate that the modest increase of estrogen concentration in this animals and/or in situ aromatization may be responsible for the maintenance of the cancellous bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425875
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of In Vitro Evidence for Storage of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) and 1,25(OH)2D3 Binding Protein in Skeletal Matrix (1996)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 59 (1996), S. 488-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Vitamin D — Bone matrix — Osteocalcin — IGF-I.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A few studies have reported on the measurement of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) in bone, using chloroform/methanol extraction and radioreceptor assay. As the significance of bone 1,25(OH)2D3 content was not defined in any of these reports, the objective of the current investigation was to determine whether 1,25(OH)2D3 may be stored in skeletal matrix. Bone powder samples from the iliac crest were extracted in ethylacetate/cyclohexane and 1,25(OH)2D3 isolated from the extract by means of Sephadex LH-20 and high pressure liquid chromatographic separation and subsequently measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Within the detection range of the RIA, no 1,25(OH)2D3 could be measured, suggesting that 1,25(OH)2D3 is not stored in skeletal matrix. Vitamin D bone concentrations previously measured may therefore have reflected plasma contamination. Consistent with this hypothesis, only traces of skeletal 1,25(OH)2D3 binding protein were measured when compared with serum values. Although 1,25(OH)2D3 may act as a potential local determinant of bone remodeling, there is no evidence supporting a delayed paracrine function by matrix-derived 1,25(OH)2D3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369215
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aromatization of Androgens is Important for Skeletal Maintenance of Aged Male Rats (1996)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 59 (1996), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Androgens — Bone — Vorozole — Aromatase — Osteoporosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor vorozole (VOR) was administered to aged (12 months old) male Wistar rats and its effect was compared with the effect of androgen deficiency. The rats were either sham-operated (SHAM) or orchidectomized (ORCH) and treated with or without VOR. Thus, four experimental groups were created (SHAM, ORCH, SHAM + VOR, ORCH + VOR). The follow-up period was 4 months. At the end of the experimental period, bone mineral density (BMD) of the first four lumbar vertebrae and right femur was measured ex vivo with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bone formation was evaluated by serum osteocalcin, and bone resorption by urinary excretion of (deoxy)pyridinoline. Orchidectomy increased bone resorption 2- to 3-fold whereas bone formation was only slightly increased. Treatment of intact male rats with VOR also increased bone resorption (+30% increase) whereas bone formation was not increased in this SHAM + VOR group. Their BMD was 7% lower in the femur (P 〈 0.01) and 6% lower in the lumbar vertebrae (P 〈 0.01) compared with the SHAM group that had not received VOR. Moreover, this decrease of bone mineral density was not significantly different from the expected decrease of bone density observed in the ORCH groups (6–10%). This was also reflected by a decrease of calcium content of the first four lumbar vertebrae of 15% (P 〈 0.001) in the SHAM + VOR group and 9–14% (P 〈 0.05) in the ORCH groups compared with the SHAM group, respectively. These data therefore suggest that inhibition of aromatization of androgens into estrogens increases bone resorption and bone loss similar to that observed after complete removal of androgens. Aromatization of androgens into estrogens may therefore, at least partly, explain the effects of androgens on skeletal maintenance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lack of In vitro evidence for storage of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) and 1,25(OH)2D3 binding protein in skeletal matrix (1996)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 59 (1996), S. 488-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Vitamin D ; Bone matrix ; Osteocalein ; IGF-1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A few studies have reported on the measurement of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) in bone, using chloroform/methanol extraction and radioreceptor assay. As the significance of bone 1,25(OH)2D3 content was not defined in any of these reports, the objective of the current investigation was to determine whether 1,25(OH)2D3 may be stored in skeletal matrix. Bone powder samples from the iliac crest were extracted in ethylacetate/cyclohexane and 1,25(OH)2D3 isolated from the extract by means of Sephadex LH-20 and high pressure liquid chromatographic separation and subsequently measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Within the detection range of the RIA, no 1,25(OH)2D3 could be measured, suggesting that 1,25(OH)2D3 is not stored in skeletal matrix. Vitamin D bone concentrations previously measured may therefore have reflected plasma contamination. Consistent with this hypothesis, only traces of skeletal 1,25(OH)2D3 binding protein were measured when compared with serum values. Although 1,25(OH)2D3 may act as a potential local determinant of bone remodeling, there is no evidence supporting a delayed paracrine function by matrix-derived 1,25(OH)2D3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00369215
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  • 6
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    Duodenal calcium absorption in vitamin D receptor-knockout mice: Functional and molecular aspects (2001)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-10-30
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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