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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Efficient switchless multi-Joule TE-CO2 laser (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1404-1407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Switchless mode operation of a pulse TE-CO2 laser is reported. The system has provided an output energy of 7 J at atmospheric pressure from a discharge volume of 3 cm×3.3 cm×42 cm with an efficiency of 8%. Under long pulse loading, it has provided 3.5 J in a 5 μs pulse at an efficiency of 7% at a pressure of 500 mbar. The elimination of the high voltage switch from the main discharge circuit has resulted in a simple and inexpensive laser system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142457
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A noise-rejecting current amplifier for surface atmospheric ion flux measurements (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3563-3565 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Large area electrodes are required to determine atmospheric charge fluxes at the earth's surface. These also act as antennas for power line hum, swamping the small atmospheric electric signals. A battery-powered head-amplifier resolving 0.025 pA is described here, which uses active compensation to substantially cancel the interference, allowing the atmospheric charge fluxes to be resolved in the presence of the interference. The overall response is nominally −100 mV/pA, with 30 dB of 50 Hz rejection. The head amplifier can drive a low impedance line. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148323
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel magnetic-spiker sustainer excitation circuit for a multijoule TE CO2 laser (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 2175-2179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Successful operation of a multijoule output TE CO2 laser using a new magnetic-spiker sustainer excitation circuit is reported. The use of the new excitation circuit has resulted in a significant reduction (∼90%) in the amount of sustainer pulse energy that has to pass through the magnetic switch. In addition, the new circuit technique allows operation of the discharge at reduced voltage (∼50%) and extends the range of excitation current pulse durations (up to ∼7 μs) over which arc-free discharges can be formed. The laser has produced a typical output of 5 J at an overall efficiency of ∼13% from a helium-free gas mixture at a pressure of 400 mbar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144722
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel discharge circuit for a multijoule TEA CO2 laser (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 563-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel discharge circuit that reduces significantly the amount of energy conducted by the switch in a TEA CO2 laser is reported. We demonstrate this circuit on a working multijoule TEA CO2 laser in which the switch is shown to conduct typically only 5% of the total input pulse energy. The laser has worked reliably in gas mixtures that place stringent demands on the discharge and circuit. It has produced an output of 7 J at an efficiency of 9.6% using a CO2:N2:He (1:1:4) gas mixture at atmospheric pressure and further using a helium-free gas mixture (CO2:N2:H2 at 400 mbar) it has produced a maximum efficiency of 14.6% for an output of 7.8 J. The great simplicity and high efficiency of the new discharge circuit allow it to be incorporated in the existing laser designs with minimal modifications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145118
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature-compensated meteorological barometer (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1909-1910 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Meteorological measurements of surface pressure to better than 1 mbar are routinely required in surface pressures of typically 1000 mbar, and detecting small pressure changes is important for forecasting. An inexpensive pressure sensor provides the basis of a barometer suitable for such general meteorological use. Signal-conditioning circuitry has been added to allow typical surface sea-level pressure variations to be resolved to 0.1 mbar using a ±5 V 12-bit analog to digital system. The sensor excitation voltage is shown to track the sensor's temperature closely, and this is extracted to provide a temperature-compensation signal. When combined with a nonlinearity correction system and a digital display, this gives a portable barometer capable of reading to ±0.5 mbar (over the range of 930–1020 mbar) for temperatures between 0 and 25 °C. The final display reading includes the temperature compensation by using a panel meter in ratio mode. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150549
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An antenna electrometer system for atmospheric electrical measurements (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1599-1603 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A ±300 V dynamic range, battery-powered, and inexpensive electrometer system is described that has been used with passive horizontal wire antennas to measure the atmospheric electric potential at 1 and 2 m above the earth's surface. Input currents drawn by the electrometer circuit are of order femtoamperes, and a guard drive output is provided to minimize leakage. The implementation of the passive wire antenna is described, using rigorous insulation and signal guarding, together with results obtained in fair weather conditions. Linearity of the portable electrometer over the input range is demonstrated to be comparable with a commercial laboratory electrometer, and the antenna potential can be determined to within a few volts in the fair weather electric field. Several such portable systems can be cheaply combined, sharing a common high tension supply, to measure the profile of the atmospheric electrical potential above the surface, at a remote site. Damage to the electrometer sustained in electrical storms can be cheaply repaired. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147932
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of second harmonic generation of idler wave on difference frequency generation (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 2405-2407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of second harmonic generation of idler wave on the process of difference frequency generation is analyzed theoretically. It is shown that, in general, the presence of second harmonic generation has a favorable influence on the evolution of the difference frequency wave. When the two processes are exactly phase matched, the usual oscillations in the variation of generated wave intensity with the interaction length are almost completely eliminated while retaining nearly complete conversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337959
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compact high repetition rate magnetically switched transverse, electric, atmospheric CO2 laser (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 1821-1824 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A corona preionized compact transverse, electric, atmospheric CO2 laser providing an average optical output of 18 W from a 4.6-cm3 discharge volume is reported. The laser was driven at pulse rates up to 1 kHz by an all solid-state exciter circuit which has produced〉109 pulses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141100
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A computer-controlled Gerdien atmospheric ion counter (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3037-3041 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Accurate measurements of atmospheric ions are desirable in order to investigate atmospheric aerosol processes. A cylindrical capacitor ion counter is described which has a flexible computerized control system, to allow selection of ion mobility by changing the bias voltage across the capacitor. Ion measurements obtained correlate well with the ionization rate measured with an adjacent Geiger counter in clean air. Measurements of air ions using the device in current and voltage decay modes show consistent results. The collecting electrode is exposed directly in the air stream to be sampled, eliminating diffusive losses in intake tubes. The system can measure ion concentrations from 20 ions cm−3 (including typical atmospheric concentrations) and can sample ions rapidly. These characteristics enable comprehensive air conductivity measurements to be made. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1305511
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A calorimeter to detect freezing in supercooled water droplets (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 69 (1998), S. 4004-4005 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This apparatus suspends a 1 μl water droplet on an ultraminiature thermistor and uses a Peltier cooling device to supercool the droplet. Electrical connections to the thermistor allow the temperature of the droplet to be constantly monitored, and they also permit direct electrical heating of the droplet after freezing has occurred. Deionized water droplets can be readily supercooled to temperatures of −20 °C before freezing, and repeated determinations of the freezing temperature for the same droplet are straightforward. The temperature characteristics of the phase change are very well defined, and the apparatus therefore permits many other investigations on the provocation of freezing in a supercooled droplet. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149212
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