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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HIV-gp120 induced cell death in hematopoietic progenitor CD34+ cells (1997)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 2 (1997), S. 61-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; bone marrow ; cord blood ; CD34+CD4+ cells ; fas antigen ; HIV-1 infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Haematologic abnormalities accompany the majority of HIV-1 infections. At present it is unclear whether this is due directly to HIV infection of hematopoietic progenitor cells, or whether this results from an indirect mechanism secondary to HIV infection. Here we provide evidence for an indirect mechanism, whereby hematopoietic progenitor cells undergo HIV gp120-induced apoptosis (programmed cell death) even in the absence of HIV infection. Freshly isolated, purified human hematopoietic progenitor CD34+ cells, derived from both umbilical cord blood and bone marrow, co-expressed the CD4 marker at low density on their surface. Although these CD34+CD4+ cells theoretically should be capable of productive infection by HIV, we found that HIV-IIIB could not establish productive infection in these cells. Nonetheless, gp120 from IIIB could bind the cells. Thus, binding of gp120 did not correlate with infectivity. Furthermore, binding of gp120 was a specific event, leading to apoptosis upon crosslinking with anti-gp120 through a fas-dependent mechanism. If apoptosis is also observed in vivo even in uninfected hematopoietic cells, this could contribute significantly to the impairment in hematopoietic cell number and function. Our data suggest a novel indirect mechanism for depletion of CD34+ and CD34+-derived cells even in the absence of productive viral infection of these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026439726053
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  • 2
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    Amifostine (WR-2721) shortens the engraftment period of 4- hydroperoxycyclophosphamide-purged bone marrow in breast cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow support (1994)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-01
    Description: 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), a commonly used marrow-purging agent, is active against many tumors, but is also toxic to normal marrow progenitors. Amifostine (WR-2721) is a sulfhydryl compound with chemoprotectant activity. Preclinical studies using suspensions of bone marrow and breast cancer cells demonstrated that ex vivo treatment with amifostine followed by 4-HC resulted in protection of marrow progenitors, with no compromise in the antitumor effect of 4-HC. This fact stimulated the development of a clinical trial. Bone marrow was harvested from 15 poor-prognosis breast cancer patients and randomly assigned to ex vivo treatment with amifostine followed by 4-HC (amifostine + 4-HC), or treatment with 4-HC alone. High-dose chemotherapy was then administered followed by infusion of the purged autologous bone marrow support (ABMS). Leukocyte engraftment, defined as a white blood cell count 〉 or = 1 x 10(9)/L, was achieved in an average of 26 days for patients whose marrow was purged with amifostine + 4-HC versus 36 days for patients whose marrow was purged with 4-HC alone (P = .032). The average number of platelet transfusions (12 v 29; P = .017) and days of antibiotic therapy (28 v 40; P = .012) were significantly less for patients whose marrow was exposed to amifostine + 4-HC, compared with 4-HC alone. Unpurged backup marrow fractions were infused into three patients whose marrow was purged with 4-HC alone, because of inadequate marrow recovery. None of the patients who received amifostine + 4-HC-purged marrow required a backup marrow fraction. Complete remissions were achieved in 83% of patients with measurable disease, with no difference between the two cohorts. Forty- three percent of patients remained alive and progression-free at a mean of 13 months posttransplant. There was no significant difference in the rate or pattern of relapse for patients whose marrow was purged with amifostine + 4-HC compared with those whose marrow was purged with 4-HC alone. Ex vivo treatment of marrow with amifostine significantly shortens the time to marrow recovery, thereby reducing the risk of myelosuppressive complications in breast cancer patients receiving high- dose chemotherapy and 4-HC-purged ABMS. Since supportive care requirements are also significantly decreased, amifostine may reduce the cost of such therapy.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
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  • 3
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    Amifostine (WR-2721) shortens the engraftment period of 4- hydroperoxycyclophosphamide-purged bone marrow in breast cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow support (1994)
    American Society of Hematology
    Details
    Publication Date: 1994-06-01
    Description: 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), a commonly used marrow-purging agent, is active against many tumors, but is also toxic to normal marrow progenitors. Amifostine (WR-2721) is a sulfhydryl compound with chemoprotectant activity. Preclinical studies using suspensions of bone marrow and breast cancer cells demonstrated that ex vivo treatment with amifostine followed by 4-HC resulted in protection of marrow progenitors, with no compromise in the antitumor effect of 4-HC. This fact stimulated the development of a clinical trial. Bone marrow was harvested from 15 poor-prognosis breast cancer patients and randomly assigned to ex vivo treatment with amifostine followed by 4-HC (amifostine + 4-HC), or treatment with 4-HC alone. High-dose chemotherapy was then administered followed by infusion of the purged autologous bone marrow support (ABMS). Leukocyte engraftment, defined as a white blood cell count 〉 or = 1 x 10(9)/L, was achieved in an average of 26 days for patients whose marrow was purged with amifostine + 4-HC versus 36 days for patients whose marrow was purged with 4-HC alone (P = .032). The average number of platelet transfusions (12 v 29; P = .017) and days of antibiotic therapy (28 v 40; P = .012) were significantly less for patients whose marrow was exposed to amifostine + 4-HC, compared with 4-HC alone. Unpurged backup marrow fractions were infused into three patients whose marrow was purged with 4-HC alone, because of inadequate marrow recovery. None of the patients who received amifostine + 4-HC-purged marrow required a backup marrow fraction. Complete remissions were achieved in 83% of patients with measurable disease, with no difference between the two cohorts. Forty- three percent of patients remained alive and progression-free at a mean of 13 months posttransplant. There was no significant difference in the rate or pattern of relapse for patients whose marrow was purged with amifostine + 4-HC compared with those whose marrow was purged with 4-HC alone. Ex vivo treatment of marrow with amifostine significantly shortens the time to marrow recovery, thereby reducing the risk of myelosuppressive complications in breast cancer patients receiving high- dose chemotherapy and 4-HC-purged ABMS. Since supportive care requirements are also significantly decreased, amifostine may reduce the cost of such therapy.
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by American Society of Hematology
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    PAPER CURRENT
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