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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 2140-2146 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A pump-probe picosecond time-resolved Raman spectrometer has been constructed using a dye laser synchronously pumped by a cw mode-locked Nd:YAG laser and a high repetition rate (2 kHz) dye amplifier pumped by the frequency doubled output from a cw Nd:YAG regenerative amplifier. Transform-limited picosecond pulses with 3.5 cm−1 wave number width and 3.2 ps temporal width are obtained at the wavelength of 588 nm. The second harmonic of these pulses is generated at 294 nm and is used for pumping, while the remaining visible pulses are used for probing resonance Raman scattering. The cross-correlation time between the pump and probe pulses is 4.1 ps. The temporal profile of the laser pulse is found to be very close to the sech2 shape. The wave number resolution of the system is estimated to be 3.5 cm−1 according to the Tailor criterion. The time resolution is estimated to be 2.2 ps using a criterion newly proposed in the present paper. Time-resolved Raman spectra of S1 trans-stilbene and S1 p-terphenyl are presented to demonstrate the capability of the constructed spectrometer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 3332-3338 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A picosecond time-resolved multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectrometer based on a new principle has been constructed using a femtosecond laser, nanosecond lasers, and a streak camera. The second harmonic of the output from the femtosecond Ti:sapphire oscillator/regenerative-amplifier system is used for the photoexcitation. The second harmonic of a nanosecond Nd:YLF laser is used as CARS probing ω1 radiation, and the output of a nanosecond broadband dye laser is used as ω2 radiation. CARS signals, which are generated from the sample during the nanosecond probing pulses, are analyzed in the frequency domain by a spectrograph and are resolved in the time domain by a streak camera. This enables us multiplex CARS measurements not only in the frequency domain but also in the time domain (termed two-dimensional multiplex CARS). Consequently, CARS spectra at various delay times are obtainable with a single measurement. Owing to the short duration and high stability of the femtosecond pumping pulses, time resolution as high as 15 ps has been achieved. Picosecond time-resolved CARS spectra of all-trans retinal and β-carotene are presented to demonstrate the high capability of the constructed system. The factors which determine the time resolution of this CARS spectrometer are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 2587-2588 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The laser-power dependent Raman spectral changes observed for S1 trans-stilbene in hexane are analyzed in terms of the competition between a picosecond solvation process occurring immediately after the S1←S0 photoexcitation (by the pump laser) and the optical depletion of the S1 state caused by the Sn←S1 photoexcitation (by the probe laser). Such spectral changes were not observed in acetonitrile, indicating that the solvation process is absent in a polar solvent. The scheme of "optical depletion timing'' is demonstrated to be useful as an effective means to study picosecond phenomena by nanosecond spectroscopic measurements.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vibrational mode assignments of S1 trans-stilbene (tSB) in a jet, particularly those for fundamental vibrational levels above the isomerization barrier, are reported with three partially isotope-substituted analogues (C6 H5 –13CH=13CH–C6 H5 , C6 H5 –CD=CD–C6 H5 , and C6 D5 –CH=CH–C6 D5 ). Vibrational levels are assigned on the basis of the frequency shifts due to isotopic substitution. The established mode assignments then enable us to discuss the individual band intensities in the fluorescence excitation spectra which bear mode specific information on the isomerization dynamics in isolated tSB molecules. Upon deuteration, the intensities of several CH deformation modes increase drastically as their frequencies become lower than the isomerization barrier. Intensities of several fundamental bands are found much smaller than those of nearby combination bands, contrary to what is expected from ordinary absorption spectra in condensed phases. The intensity ratio of the 71 (C=C stretch) to the 00 band is semiquantitatively studied with reference to a molecular-orbital calculation, the resonance Raman intensity, and the absorption intensity in a low-temperature crystal. The unusually low fluorescence excitation intensities are ascribable to large isomerization rates specific to certain kinds of fundamental vibrational levels.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 3945-3950 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Dependence of the inverse Raman band shape on the probe frequency was observed in detail in the region of a single photon resonance with a structured electronic absorption band of rhodamine 640 (a highly fluorescent molecule). Three parameters were introduced to represent an inverse Raman band shape which is strongly dependent on the probe frequency. The band-shape parameters derived from the observed data could be simulated using a vibronic treatment based on a Herzberg–Teller expansion. The simulation is shown to be potentially useful for obtaining information on the excited electronic states of fluorescent molecules whose spontaneous Raman spectra are difficult to observe.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 1-5 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Partially coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (PCARS) spectrum of liquid toluene has been measured. The observed shape of the 1004 cm−1 band is asymmetric unlike that of the spontaneous Raman spectrum. A least-squares fitting shows that this asymmetric PCARS band-shape is fitted well to ||χ(3)||2 but not to the imaginary part of χ(3). The origin of the observed band asymmetry is the nonresonant term of χ(3), which is real and does not affect the spontaneous Raman band shapes. These results support our previous interpretation that the PCARS intensity originates from the relaxation of the CARS phase matching condition due to the optical inhomogeneity of the sample. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A picosecond time-resolved multiplex coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) measuring system using a streak camera was constructed. Picosecond uv laser pulses (50 ps) were used for the photoexcitation and nanosecond laser pulses (7 ns) were used as ω1 and ω2 for CARS probing. The multiplex CARS signals were spectrally analyzed by a spectrograph, and time-resolved and detected by a streak camera. This system enabled us two-dimensional (the time and frequency domain) detection of CARS signals with picosecond time resolution. The cis–trans photoisomerization dynamics of all-trans and 9-cis retinal was investigated. In the case of all-trans retinal, the CARS signals due to the "all-trans-like'' T1 state appeared in accordance with the decay of the S1 fluorescence. In contrast, the appearance of the all-trans-like T1 signals was markedly delayed in the case of the 9-cis isomer. This indicates that there exists a T1 state having "9-cis-like'' conformation in the picosecond time region. The lifetime of this 9-cis-like T1 state was obtained as 880±150 ps from the analysis of the rise of the all-trans-like T1 state. The mechanism of retinal photoisomerization is discussed on the basis of the obtained picosecond time-resolved data. It is concluded that the conformational change from the 9-cis to the all-trans form in the triplet manifold proceeds from the thermalized (not vibrationally excited) 9-cis-like T1 state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 7875-7877 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 7891-7896 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 11-17 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concentration dependence of PCARS intensity has been measured for the 992 cm−1 band of benzene in five different solvents and compared with that of Rayleigh scattering intensity. The temperature dependence of PCARS and Rayleigh scattering has also been studied for neat benzene. The concentration dependence of PCARS and Rayleigh scattering shows a similar correlation to the refractive index difference between benzene and the solvents. It is shown that PCARS cannot be considered as the Rayleigh scattering of the (phase mismatched) CARS radiation, by comparing the concentration and temperature dependence of their intensities. The fluctuation of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility itself plays an important role in PCARS. This means that PCARS may bear unique information on the microscopic properties of liquids that Rayleigh scattering can not provide. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
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