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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High population inversion in the soft-x-ray band observed in a laser-irradiated microtube (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6128-6131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new microtube target has been adopted for high population inversion of Mg+10 ions between 1s3p level and 1s4p or 1s5p levels for the first time. The mechanism for inversion is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional trapping of Mie metallic particles by the use of obstructed laser beams (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 1606-1612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this article, we propose a method for three-dimensional optical trapping of metallic Mie particles using an obstructed laser beam. It is found from the ray-optics model that Mie gold, silver, and copper particles can be trapped against gravity in the focal region of a high numerical-aperture objective illuminated by a centrally obstructed Gaussian (TEM00-mode) beam. The axial trapping force of the three types of metallic particles is maximized in the near-infrared wavelength region. The maximum axial trapping efficiency increases with the size of the center obstruction and the aperture angle of an objective. Axial trapping force on Mie metallic particles is enhanced by a factor of two if an obstructed doughnut (TEM01*-mode) beam is employed. The experimental condition for achieving three-dimensional trapping is also discussed. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1428801
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiphoton fluorescence microscopic imaging through double-layer turbid tissue media (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 4659-4665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Image formation in multiphoton fluorescence microscopy through double-layer turbid tissue media is investigated using Monte Carlo simulation. With the help of the concept of the effective point spread function, the relationship of image resolution and signal level to the thickness and scattering properties of the double-layer turbid media under single-, two-, and three-photon excitation is revealed. Results show that for a double-layer turbid medium of a given thickness, small particles in the top layer result in a quicker degradation of signal level than large particles in the top layer. This model is then applied to study the penetration depth of multiphoton fluorescence microscopy through human skin tissue which exhibits a layered structure. It is predicated that using 3p excitation leads to a signal level up to two orders of magnitude higher than that under 2p excitation, while diffraction-limited image resolution can be maintained for skin tissue of thickness up to 500 μm.© 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1459107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Depolarization of evanescent waves scattered by laser-trapped gold particles: Effect of particle size (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 5415-5420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Depolarization of evanescent waves scattered by laser-trapped gold particles of 0.1, 0.5 and 2 μm in diameter is experimentally characterized in order to reveal its dependence on the size of particles. It is found that the degree of polarization of scattered evanescent waves decreases with the size of gold particles, which is contrary to that previously observed for dielectric particles. This feature becomes advantageous in particle-trapped near-field microscopy since less depolarized photons carry more information of a sample. With the help of polarization gating, this property is demonstrated in images of the evanescent wave interference pattern as well as the surface of a glass prism. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1316052
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trapping force by a high numerical-aperture microscope objective obeying the sine condition (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3666-3668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A commercial high numerical-aperture microscope objective is designed in terms of the sine condition which is needed for two-dimensional space-invariant imaging. The axial trapping efficiency generated by an objective obeying the sine condition is found to be approximately up to 50% smaller than the prediction for an objective obeying the tangent condition which has been currently used in the ray optics theory for trapping force calculations. Our result is in good agreement with the measured value of the trapping efficiency. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148009
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fine structure of the 2ω0 time resolved spectrum in laser plasmas (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 30 (1987), S. 1515-1520 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time resolved spectrum with both high temporal resolution (∼10 psec) and spectral resolution (∼0.6 A(ring)) of the 2ω0 harmonic emission scattered at 90° to the laser axis are presented in this paper. It is shown experimentally that the primary and secondary peaks of the 2ω0 harmonic are actually composed of many fine and bright fringes with intervals of about 1.5∼3 A(ring) for each, the values of which are in close relation to the atomic weight. Finally, analyses and discussions of these are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866265
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of laser frequency bandwidth on the time and space resolved structures of the 2ω0 harmonic generation (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 30 (1987), S. 1510-1514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reported here are 2ω0 harmonic space and time resolved structures taken by a streak camera at an angle of 90° with respect to the laser optical axis. The evident differences, as shown between the broadband and narrowband laser shooting, are analyzed using the theory of plasma soliton generation. The results obtained are consistent with other experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866264
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of voids in a doped polymethylmethacrylate polymer (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 2404-2406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on the formation of submicrometer voids within a doped polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymer under multiphoton absorption excited by an infrared laser beam. An ultrashort pulsed laser beam of pulse width 80 fs at a repetition rate of 82 MHz and a wavelength of 800 nm is focused into a PMMA-based photorefractive polymer consisting of 2,5-dimethyl-4(p-nitrophenylazo)anisole, 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone, and N-ethylcarbazole. The large change in refractive index associated with a void allows confocal reflection microscopy to be used as a detection method. Voids can be arranged in a multilayered structure for read-only high-density optical data storage. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1467615
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of penetration depth between two-photon excitation and single-photon excitation in imaging through turbid tissue media (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1551-1553 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that for a turbid tissue medium where Mie scattering is dominant, multiple scattering not only reduces the illumination power in the forward direction but also exhibits an anisotropic distribution of scattered photons. Thus, a signal level under two-photon excitation drops much faster than that under single-photon excitation although image resolution is much higher in the former case. As a result, the penetration depth under two-photon excitation is limited by the strength of two-photon fluorescence and is not necessarily larger than that under single-photon excitation. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1308059
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of transverse trapping efficiency for a metallic particle using an obstructed laser beam (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 34-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report that the transverse trapping efficiency for a metallic particle can be enhanced by use of a laser beam obstructed by a circular opaque disk. In the case of gold particles, the enhancement factor for a p- or s-polarized trapping beam is at least 1.7 or 2.5, respectively. The dependence of the transverse trapping efficiency for gold particles (diameter=2 μm) on the size of the obstruction is measured and agrees with the theoretical prediction based on the ray-optics model. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126868
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