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  • 1
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The diversity of symbiotic dinoflagellates (SD) from seven coral species (Fungia scutaria, Fungia paumotensis, Lep-tastrea transversa, Pavona cactus, Pocillopora verrucosa, Montastrea curia, and Acropora fonnosa) was studied in a restricted geographical area, the Lagoon of Arue on the island of Tahiti. Their diversity was explored by small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). After a nested amplification with SD specific primers, RFLP analyses were performed directly and after a cloning step. The diversity of these different SSU rDNA was estimated in respect to possible technical artifacts. In an axenic culture of SD from the coral Galaxea fascicularis, both heterogeneous SSU rDNAs and artifact molecules were observed as in our SD samples. According to the number of patterns observed, corals Fungia paumotensis, Leptastrea transversa. Pavona cactus, Montastrea curia, and Acropora fonnosa contained one class of SD SSU rDNAs. whereas Fungia scutaria and Pocillopora verrucosa contained three and two classes of SD SSU rDNAs respectively. In the limited geographic area studied. SD from different coral species shared the same pattern, except SD from Montastrea curta, which showed a unique pattern. In addition to the possibility of SD flux among different coral species, specific mechanisms could also be involved in the establishment of a symbiosis.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current microbiology 5 (1981), S. 61-66 
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four bacteriophages (C2, C2F, E3, and E16P) belonging to morphological group C3 and one belonging to morphological group A3 (E16B) were purified by deuterium oxide gradient centrifugation and cesium chloride gradient centrifugation. Morphological group C3 phages had a densityd=1.534−1.541 and group A3 phage (E16B) had a densityd=1.492 in CsCl. Phages of morphological group C3 isolated onEnterobacter sakazakii (C2, C2F) and onErwinia herbicola (E3, E16P) were compared withSalmonella newport phage 7-11 with respect to host-range, genome size, antigenic relatedness, and ultraviolet and heat susceptibility. Phages C2 and C2F could multiply inEnterobacter cloacae, E. sakazakii, Erwinia herbicola, E. rhapontici, andLevinea malonatica; whereas phages E3, E16P, and 7-11 could multiply on these same species and onEscherichia coli and severalSalmonella serotypes. Molecular weights of phage DNAs were determined to be 58×106 (C2), 60×106 (7-11), 67×106 (E3), and 39×106 (E16B). All studied phages of morphological group C3 (includingSalmonella newport phage 7-11) were neutralized by anti-phage C2 serum. Despite differences in neutralization kinetics and in ultraviolet and heat sensitivities, these phages of morphological group C3 constitute one phage species. Phage E16B (morphological group A3) had a host-range limited toEnterobacter cloacae, Erwinia herbicola, andE. rhapontici; it was antigenically unrelated to the preceding phage group C3, and showed ultraviolet and heat susceptibility close to that of coliphage T4.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current microbiology 7 (1982), S. 63-67 
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Serratia liquefaciens andS. liquefaciens-like strains belonging to one of seven biotypes (C1ab, C1c, C1d, EB, RB, RQ, and Adc) were characterized by DNA relatedness (S1TCA method). These strains formed three distinct DNA relatedness groups: (i)S. liquefaciens sensu stricto (biotype C1ab); (ii)S. proteamaculans (biotypes C1c, EB, and RB); and (iii)S. grimesii (biotype C1d). Two biotypes were at the borderline of species level: Biotype RQ and biotype Adc were, respectively, related toS proteamaculans andS. grimesii. All of these strains were clearly distinct fromS. plymuthica and the otherSerratia species.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current microbiology 8 (1983), S. 7-11 
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The fatty acids in whole-cell methanolysates of 19Serratia strains were identified and quantitated by gas liquid chromatography. The major fatty acid components were 3-OH-C14∶0, C16∶0, C16∶1, and C18∶1+2. They contributed 50–80% of the components in each strain. Significant quantities were also contributed by C14∶0. The other components tended to contribute less than 3% each. Principal component analysis of the fatty acid composition data yielded a three-dimensional ordination of strains that roughly reflected the present taxonomic knowledge on the genusSerratia.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current microbiology 5 (1981), S. 317-322 
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using the selective caprylate-thallous agar medium, the presence ofSerratia species was systematically examined in 623 plant samples. A total of 167Serratia strains was isolated from these plant samples and identified to species and biogroups. Uniform and characteristicSerratia populations were found in figs and coconuts: (i)Serratia ficaria was recovered from most figs collected in California, Tunisia, and France; various biotypes ofS. marcescens also were found in figs; (ii) onlyS. marinorubra was recovered from coconuts bought on two continents. From plants other than figs and coconuts, representatives were isolated of all eightSerratia species we presently recognize—with a large preponderance ofS. liquefaciens andS. proteamaculans. These other plant samples fell into threeSerratia-prevalence groups: (i) vegetables-mushrooms-mosses-decaying plant material (53.8% of these samples were positive forSerratia); (ii) grasses (23.7% positive); and (iii) trees and shrubs-small plants (8.4% positive). PigmentedS. marcescens biotypes were rarely isolated from plants (except from figs). Of theS. marcescens biogroups most frequently encountered in nosocomial and iatrogenic infections of man, A3 and A4 were isolated from plants in this study, but A5/8 and TCT were not.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current microbiology 6 (1981), S. 65-69 
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Six bacteriophages with an elongated head and a short, noncontractile tail were compared by DNA-DNA hybridization, seroneutralization kinetics, mol% G+C and molecular weight of DNA, and host range. Three phage “species” could be identified. Phage species 1 containedEnterobacter sakazakii phage C2,Erwinia herbicola phages E3 and E16P, andSalmonella newport phage 7–11. These phages had a rather wide host range (4 to 13 bacterial species). DNA relatedness among species 1 phages was above 75% relative binding ratio (S1 nuclease method, 60°C) when labeled DNA from phage C2 was used, and above 41% when labeled DNA from phage E3 was used. Molecular weight of DNA was about 58×106 (C2) to 67 ×106 (E3). The mol% G+C of DNA was 43–45. Anti-C2 serum that neutralizes all phages of species 1 does not neutralize phages of the other two species. Species 2 contains only coliphage Esc-7-11, whose host range was only oneEscherichia coli strain out of 188 strains of Enterobacteriaceae studied; it was unrelated to the other two species by seroneutralization and DNA hybridization. DNA from phage Esc-7-11 had a base composition of 43 mol% G+C and a molecular weight of about 45×106. Species 3 contains onlyProteus mirabilis phage 13/3a. Its host range was limited to swarmingProteus species. Species 3 was unrelated to the other two species by seroneutralization and DNA hybridization. DNA from phage 13/3a had a base composition of 35 mol% G+C and molecular weight of about 53×106. It is proposed that phage species be defined as phage nucleic acid hybridization groups.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Seven biochemical groups were found among strains previously labeledSerratia liquefaciens (groups C1ab, C1c, C1d, EB, RB, RQ, and Adc). Comparison of biochemical data with DNA relatedness data allowed the definition (or redefinition) of threeSerratia species:Serratia liquefaciens sensu stricto (group C1ab),Serratia proteamaculans (groups C1c, EB, RB, and RQ), andSerratia grimesii sp. nov. (groups C1d and Adc). Biochemical group RQ, which is genomically related toS. proteamaculans at the borderline of species level, is proposed as a new subspecies ofS. proteamaculans (Serratia proteamaculans subsp.quinovora). Group Adc (3 strains) is also ambiguously related toS. grimesii, but no other proposal is made pending additional studies. The type strains of the newly named taxa,S. grimesii andS. proteamaculans subsp.quinovora, are respectively ATCC 14460 and strain 4364 (= CIP 8195 = ATCC 33765).
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Current microbiology 7 (1982), S. 363-366 
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Somatic (O) and flagellar (H) antigens of 37Serratia ficaria strains were studied. All strains shared a common H antigen (H1). Four O antigens were identified that defined four serovars (O1:H1, O2:H1, O3:H1, and O4:H1). All American strains studied (isolated from the fig-fig wasp biological cycle or from a human patient) belonged to serotype O1:H1. Strains from the Mediterranean region (Sicily, Tunisia, France) were not so antigenically uniform and all four serotypes were found in figs from Sicily.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sixty-six strains ofListeria monocytogenes (as defined in the eighth edition ofBergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology) were characterized by DNA relatedness. These strains formed five distinct DNA relatedness groups: (i)L. monocytogenes sensu stricto (30 strains) including the type spain ATCC 15313; (ii) serovar 5 strains (9 strains) corresponding to “L. bulgarica”; (iii) “L. inocua” (11 strains of serovars 6a, 6b, 4ab, and undesignated ones) including the reference strains; (iv) six strains of serovars 6a and 6b; (v) ten strains of various serovars. These five groups were clearly distinct fromL. grayi (4 strains) andL. murrayi (3 strains).
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1979-09-01
    Print ISSN: 0343-8651
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0991
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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