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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Helicobacter pylori and its role in peptic ulcer disease (1997)
    Bingley : Emerald
    Nutrition & food science 97 (1997), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-6659
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The majority of peptic ulcers are associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and it is now clear that eradication of H. pylori dramatically reduces ulcer recurrence. Other important outcomes of H. pylori infection include chronic gastritis (which may be asymptomatic), gastric cancer and lymphoma. Aims to give a brief overview of the discovery, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori associated disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00346659710179679
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Responses of ant communities to dry sulfur deposition from mining emissions in semi-arid tropical Australia, with implications for the use of functional groups (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Austral ecology 25 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-9993
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The impact of dry deposition of SO2 emissions on ant abundance, diversity and composition was investigated at Mount Isa in the semiarid tropics of northern Australia. Forty plots were sampled, stratified at two levels: sulfur deposition zones (high, medium, low, and two control zones) and habitat (Ridge and Plain). The two habitats supported distinctly different ant communities. Ants had clear responses to SO2 emissions. Ant abundance was lowest in the high and medium sulfur zones in both habitats. Species richness in high SO2 plots (up to 5 km from the source) was approximately half that of control plots in Ridge habitat, and was substantially less than controls in the Plain habitat. Ant community composition in the high sulfur zone was clearly separated from those of other zones in ordinations. Vector fitting showed soil SO4 concentration as a primary correlative factor in this separation. Ant abundance and richness were both negatively correlated with soil SO4 concentration, and positively correlated with plant species richness and distance away from the smelters. The abundance of 10 of the 21 most common species showed significant responses to emissions. Five species showed positive responses, and all belong to species-groups known to be abundant at disturbed sites throughout northern Australia. Relative abundance and richness of Eyrean (arid adapted) taxa collectively responded positively to sulfur, and Torresian (tropical) and Widespread species responded negatively. Despite large changes in species composition and abundances, there was relatively little change in the abundance of functional groups that have been widely used in studies of Australian ant communities. Ants are sensitive to SO2 emissions and appear to be good candidates as an indicator group in this context. However, an alternative functional group framework is required for the identification of recurrent responses of arid zone ant communities to disturbance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2000.tb00071.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diet and habitat use of frillneck lizards in a seasonal tropical environment (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 106 (1996), S. 39-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Chlamydosaurus kingii ; Seasonal ecology ; Diet ; Food availability ; Habitat use
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A population of frillneck lizards, Chlamydosaurus kingii, was monitored by mark-recapture and telemetry over a 2 year period in Kakadu National Park. The aims of the study were to document changes in diet, growth, condition and habitat use between the wet and dry seasons of northern Australia, in light of recent research examining seasonal variation in the physiology of this species. Frillneck lizards feed on a diverse range of invertebrates in both seasons, even though there is a substantial reduction in food avail-ability in the dry season. Harvester termites from the genus Drepanotermes constitute a major component of the diet, and the prevalence of termites in the diet of sedentary foragers in a tropical environment is unusual. Adult male body condition remained relatively stable throughout the year, but females experienced considerable variation. These differences are attributed to different reproductive roles of the sexes. Growth in C. kingii was restricted to the wet season, when food availability was high, and growth was minimal in the dry season when food availability was low. The method used in catching lizards was an important factor in determining seasonal habitat use. Telemetered lizards selected a significantly different distribution of tree species than was randomly available, and they selected significantly larger tree species during the dry season. Lizards spotted along roadsides showed little seasonal variation in the selection of tree species or tree sizes. The results suggest a comprehensive change in the ecology of this species, in response to an annual cycle of low food and moisture availability, followed by a period with few resource restrictions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double stranded RNA in natural isolates ofNeurospora (1988)
    Springer
    Current genetics 13 (1988), S. 495-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Double stranded RNA ; dsRNA ; Neurospora ; Virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Thirty-six wild type isolates ofNeurospora were surveyed for the presence of dsRNA. The survey identified seven strains which contain dsRNA molecules. These seven strains are all from different geographic locations. The sizes of the dsRNAs range from 500 bp to 18 kb and a total of seven distinct dsRNA species was identified. Cross homologies of some of the dsRNAs were apparent. There was homology between the 9.0 kb dsRNA and genomic DNA prepared from all strains in the survey, indicating a possible cellular rather than viral origin for this dsRNA species. None of the other dsRNAs hybridized with genomic DNA suggesting a viral origin for these dsRNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02427755
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new senescence-inducing mitochondrial linear plasmid in field-isolated Neurospora crassa strains from India (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 19 (1991), S. 129-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Senescence ; Plasmid ; Neurospora ; Mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Several field-collected strains of Neurospora crassa from the vicinity or Aarey, Bombay, India, are prone to precocious senescence and death. Analysis of one strain, Aarely-1e, demonstrated that the genetic determinants for the predisposition to senescence are maternally inherited. The senescence-prone strains contain a 7-kb, linear, mitochondrial DNA plasmid, maranhar, which is not present in long-lived isolates from the same geographical location. The maranhar plasmid has inverted terminal repeats with protein covalently bound at the 5′ termini. Molecular hybridization experiments have demonstrated no substantial DNA sequence homology between the plasmid and the normal mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear genomes of long-lived strains of N. crassa. Integrated maranhar sequences were detected in the mtDNAs of two cultures derived from Aarey-1e, and mtDNAs with the insertion sequences accumulated during subculturing. Nucleotide sequence analysis of cloned fragments of the two insertion sequences demonstrates that that they are flanked by long inverted repeats of mtDNA. The senescence syndrome of the maranhar strains, and the mode of integration of the plasmid, are reminiscent of those seen in the kalilo strains of N. intermedia. Nonetheless, there is no detectable nucleotide sequence homology between the maranhar and kalilo plasmids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326294
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterokaryotic transmission of senescence plasmid DNA in Neurospora (1990)
    Springer
    Current genetics 17 (1990), S. 139-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Neurospora ; Senescence ; Plasmids ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Heterokaryons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Heterokaryotic transmission is one of the major techniques for the study of cytoplasmic inheritance and here we have applied it to the senescence-determining plasmids kalilo (Hawaiian) and maranhar (Indian). We have shown that kalilo-based senescence is effectively transmitted by cytoplasmic contact, both in N. crassa and in N. intermedia. In the first place, the heterokaryons themselves are senescent, confirming the suppressivity of the senescence phenotype in mixtures of normal and senescent cytoplasms. Second, senescence is found in new nuclear associations, as shown by analysis of conidial isolates and meiocytes stemming from the heterokaryons. In addition, the free plasmid AR-kalDNA, and its form that is inserted into mtDNA, (mtIS-kalDNA), are both transmitted to new nuclear associations. In a transient fusion between senescent N. intermedia and nonsenescent N. crassa cells, AR-kalDNA was transmitted to N. crassa and mtIS-kalDNA was transmitted to N. crassa mtDNA. A cryptic mitochondrial plasmid, not associated with senescence, was also transmitted very efficiently to N. crassa mitochondria. In mixed kalilo/maranhar fusions, both plasmids coexisted, approximately equally, in the heterokaryons themselves, and in conidial isolates. However, in sexual derivatives, AR-marDNA was in an excess and AR-kalDNA was sometimes absent. The efficient heterokaryotic transmission of these elements suggests that this is one of their natural modes of spread in populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00312859
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Travel grants available for genetics congress (2003)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 421 (2003), S. 313-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir Many geneticists are planning to attend the 19th International Congress of Genetics, to be held in Melbourne on 6–11 July 2003. Because 2003 is the fiftieth anniversary of the publication in Nature of the seminal paper by Watson and Crick on the DNA double helix (J. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/421313b
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physiological ecology of frillneck lizards in a seasonal tropical environment (1996)
    Springer
    Oecologia 106 (1996), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Chlamydosaurus kingii ; Seasonal tropics ; Energetics ; Acclimatisation ; Body mass changes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The frillneck lizard, Chlamydosaurus kingii, is a conspicuous component of the fauna of the wetdry tropics of northern Australia during the wet season, but it is rarely seen in the dry season. Previous studies have demonstrated that during the dry season the field metabolic rate (FMR) is only about one-quarter of the wet-season rate, and one factor involved in this seasonal drop is a change in the behavioural thermoregulation of the species such that lower body temperatures (T bs) are selected during dry-season days. Here we examine other factors that could be responsible for the seasonal change in FMR: standard metabolic rates (SMR) and activity. Samples from stomach flushing revealed that the lizards in the dry season continued to feed, but the volume of food was half as much as in the wet season. SMR in the laboratory was 30% less in the dry season. During the dry season, the energy expended by the lizards is 60.4 kJ kg-1 day-1 less than during the wet season. Combining laboratory and field data, we determined the relative contribution of the factors involved in this energy savings: 10% can be attributed to lower nighttime T b, 12% is attributable to lower daytime T b, 12% is attributable to decreased metabolism, and the remaining 66% is attributable to other activities (including e.g. locomotion, reproductive costs, digestion). Calculations indicate that if FMR did not drop in the dry season the lizards would not survive on the observed food intake during this season. Seasonal analysis of blood plasma and urine indicated an accumulation of some electrolytes during the dry season suggesting modest levels of water stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334406
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vegetative incompatibility in Neurospora: its effect on horizontal transfer of mitochondrial plasmids and senescence in natural populations (1994)
    Springer
    Current genetics 26 (1994), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Horizontal transfer ; Heterokaryon incompatibility ; Senescence ; Neurospora
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated the horizontal transfer of two mitochondrial plasmids and the Kalilo senescence phenotype in the fungus Neurospora without the use of heterokaryon-forcing markers. The Kalilo senescent state was only transferred between fully-compatible N. crassa strains, but not between strains differing at any of the loci het-c, het-d, het-e or mating-type. However, the linear plasmid kalDNA and the circular plasmid Han-2 were transferred following incompatible vegetative interactions. Our data suggest that vegetative incompatibility due to allelic differences at het-c is more effective in preventing transfer than that due to het-d, het-e or mating-type. Based on these observations we have developed a novel test for assessing vegetative incompatibility between Kalilo and non-Kalilo field isolates of N. intermedia. In this procedure combinations of Kalilo and non-Kalilo field isolates of N. intermedia were grown together and tested for senescence. Compatibility is inferred if the young non-Kalilo strain dies along with the senescent Kalilo strain, whereas incompatibility is inferred when the Kalilo strain dies without imposing its senescent state onto the non-Kalilo strain. Our results suggest that each of the nine Kalilo strains tested is incompatible with each of 20 non-Kalilo isolates from the same N. intermedia population of the Hawaiian island of Kauai. However, the observed incompatibility did not completely prevent cytoplasmic exchange, and in several cases plasmid transfer could be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313797
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A kalilo-like linear plasmid in Louisiana field isolates of the pseudohomothallic fungus Neurospora tetrasperma (1994)
    Springer
    Current genetics 26 (1994), S. 336-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Kalilo ; Plasmid ; Senescence ; Neurospora
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two Louisiana strains of Neurospora tetrasperma contain a linear plasmid (LA-kalDNA) with a restriction map identical to the Hawaiian Neurospora intermedia senescence plasmid, kalDNA, but with termini 100 nucleotide pairs shorter. One of these strains also bore a circular plasmid similar to the Hawaiian circular plasmid Hanalei-2. One species probably acquired both plasmids from the other by horizontal transfer, at a time sufficiently distant for sequence divergence to take place. Many LA-kalDNA-bearing derivative strains senesced, but this plasmid does not guarantee senescence. Furthermore, LA-kalDNA does not insert into mtDNA. One senescent strain showed no LA-kalDNA. The plasmids are effectively transmitted via the pseudohomothallic sexual cycle. Single mating-type derivatives transmit plasmids maternally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310498
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