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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advanced backcross QTL analysis of a Lycopersicon esculentum ×Lycopersicon parviflorum cross (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 1025-1042 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Molecular breeding ; Germplasm utilization ; L. parviflorum ; Quantitative trait loci ; Tomato ; Introgression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Lycopersicon parviflorum is a sexually compatible, wild tomato species which has been largely unutilized in tomato breeding. The Advanced Backcross QTL (AB-QTL) strategy was used to explore this genome for QTLs affecting traits of agronomic importance in an interspecific cross between a tomato elite processing inbred, Lycopersicon esculentum E6203, and the wild species L. parviflorum (LA2133). A total of 170 BC2 plants were genotyped by means of 133 genetic markers (131 RFLPs; one PCR-based marker, I-2, and one morphological marker, u, uniform ripening). Approximately 170 BC3 families were grown in replicated field trials, in California, Spain and Israel, and were scored for 30 horticultural traits. Significant putative QTLs were identified for all traits, for a total of 199 QTLs, ranging from 1 to 19 QTLs detected for each trait. For 19 (70%) traits (excluding traits for which effects of either direction are not necessarily favourable or unfavourable) at least one QTL was identified for which the L. parviflorum allele was associated with an agronomically favourable effect, despite the overall inferior phenotype of the wild species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051384
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    fs8.1, a major QTL, sets the pattern of tomato carpel shape well before anthesis (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 101 (2000), S. 873-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Fruit shape ; Map-based cloning ; Centromere ; Fruit development ; QTL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  fs8.1 is a major fruit-shape QTL differentiating fresh-market and processing tomatoes. Mature fruits from plants with the wild-type fresh-market alleles are round, whereas those with alleles from processing variety E6203 are elongated (sometimes referred to as blocky or square tomatoes). Fine mapping was undertaken to determine whether the effect is due to a single gene or several tightly linked genes. RAPD and RFLP linkage analysis, and substitution mapping of nearly isogenic lines (NILs) segregating for the 22.8 cM-TG176-CT92 interval at the top of chromosome 8 in tomato were used for high-resolution mapping. For the 1212 gametes screened in F2 and F3 families, it was determined that fs8.1 maps as a single locus near the centromere of chromosome 8. A comparative developmental study of fs8.1 NILs revealed that fs8.1 alleles exert their effects on fruit shape early in carpel development at least 6 days before anthesis. Field evaluations of the NILs indicate that fs8.1 affects not only fruit shape, fruit length, and fruit weight but also the number of flowers and fruits per inflorescence, and the harvest index. The date of first flower and fruit diameter were not significantly affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051555
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    QTL analysis of horticultural traits differentiating the cultivated tomato from the closely related species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 935-951 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Molecular markers ; Quantitative trait locus (QTL) ; Plant breeding ; Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium ; Domestication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Molecular markers were used to map and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for several characters of agronomic and biological importance in an interspecific backcross of tomato. The parents of the cross were an elite processing inbred Lycopersicon esculentum cv ‘M82-1-7’ and the closely related red-fruited wild species L. pimpinellifolium (LA1589). A total of 257 plants were grown under field conditions in Ithaca, New York and scored for 19 quantitative traits. A genetic linkage map was constructed for the same population using 115 RFLP, 3 RAPD and 2 morphological markers that spanned 1,279 cM of the tomato genome with an average interval length of 10.7 cM. A minimum of 54 putatively significant QTLs were detected for all characters with a range of 1–7 QTLs detected per character. Of the total 54 QTLs 11% had alleles with effects opposite to those predicted by the parental phenotypes. The percentage of phenotypic variation associated with single QTLs ranged from 4% to 47%. Multilocus analysis showed that the cumulative action of all QTLs detected for each trait accounted for 12–59% of the phenotypic variation. The difference in fruit weight was controlled largely by a single major QTL ( fw2.2). Digenic epistasis was not evident. Several regions of the genome (including the region near sp on chromosome 6) showed effects on more than one trait. Implications for variety improvement and inferences about the domestication of the cultivated tomato are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050214
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advanced backcross QTL analysis in a cross between an elite processing line of tomato and its wild relative L. pimpinellifolium (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 213-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Molecular markers ; Introgression ; Plant breeding ; Quantitative trait loci
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Approximately 170 BC2 plants from a cross between an elite processing inbred (recurrent parent) and the wild species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium LA1589 (donor parent) were analyzed with segregating molecular markers covering the entire tomato genome. Marker data were used to identify QTLs controlling a battery of horticultural traits measured on BC2F1 and BC3 families derived from the BC2 individuals. Despite its overall inferior appearance, L. pimpinellifolium was shown to possess QTL alleles capable of enhancing most traits important in processing tomato production. QTL-NIL lines, containing specific QTLs modifying fruit size and shape, were subsequently constructed and shown to display the transgressive phenotypes predicted from the original BC2 QTL analysis. The potential of exploiting unadapted and wild germplasm via advanced backcross QTL analysis for the enhancement of elite crop varieties is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223378
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of RFLPs, GATA microsatellites and RAPDs in a cross between L. esculentum and L. pimpinellifolium (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 957-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Mapping ; RFLPs ; GATA microsatellites ; RAPDs ; L. pimpinellifolium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A population of plants was developed from a cross between an elite processing line of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv‘M82-1-7’) and the closely related wild species L. pimpinellifolium (LA1589). The population was used to construct a genetic linkage map suitable for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to be conducted in different backcross generations. The map comprises 115 RFLP, 3 RAPD and 2 morphological markers that span 1279 cM of the tomato genome with an average distance between markers of 10.7 cM. This map is comparable in length to that of the highdensity RFLP map derived from a L. esculentum×L. pennellii population. The order of the markers in the two maps is also in good agreement, however there are considerable differences in the distribution of recombination along the chromosomes. The segregation of six GATA-containing loci and 47 RAPD markers was also analyzed in subsets of the population. All of the microsatellite loci and 35 (75%) of the RAPDs mapped to clusters associated with centromeric regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identifying the loci responsible for natural variation in fruit size and shape in tomato (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 978-987 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key word Domestication ; Fruit size ; Fruit shape ; QTL ; Tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Fruit size and shape are two major factors determining yield, quality and consumer acceptability for many crops. Like most traits important to agriculture, both are quantitatively inherited. Despite their economic importance none of the genes controlling either of these traits have been cloned, and little is known about the control of the size and shape of domesticated fruit. Tomato represents a model fruit-bearing domesticated species characterized by a wide morphological diversity of fruits. The many genetic and genomic tools available for this crop can be used to unraveal the molecular bases of the developmental stages which presumably influence fruit architecture, size and shape. The goal of this review is to summarize data from the tomato QTL studies conducted over the past 15 years, which together allow the identification of the major QTLs responsible for fruit domestication in tomato. These results provide the starting point for the isolation of the genes involved in fruit-size/shape determination in tomato and potentially other fruit-bearing plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051405
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    QTL analysis of horticultural traits differentiating the cultivated tomato from the closely related species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 935-951 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Molecular markers ; Quantitative ; trait locus (QTL) ; Plant breeding ; Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium ; Domestication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Molecular markers were used to map and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for several characters of agronomic and biological importance in an interspecific backcross of tomato. The parents of the cross were an elite processing inbred Lycopersicon esculentum cv ‘M82-1-7’ and the closely related red-fruited wild species L. pimpinellifolium (LA1589). A total of 257 BC1 plants were grown under field conditions in Ithaca, New York and scored for 19 quantitative traits. A genetic linkage map was constructed for the same population using 115 RFLP, 3 RAPD and 2 morphological markers that spanned 1,279 cM of the tomato genome with an average interval length of 10.7 cM. A minimum of 54 putatively significant QTLs (P〈0.001; LOD〉 2.4) were detected for all characters with a range of 1–7 QTLs detected per character. Of the total 54 QTLs 11% had alleles with effects opposite to those predicted by the parental phenotypes. The percentage of phenotypic variation associated with single QTLs ranged from 4% to 47%. Multilocus analysis showed that the cumulative action of all QTLs detected for each trait accounted for 12–59% of the phenotypic variation. The difference in fruit weight was controlled largely by a single major QTL (fw2.2). Digenic epistasis was not evident. Several regions of the genome (including the region near sp on chromosome 6) showed effects on more than one trait. Implications for variety improvement and inferences about the domestication of the cultivated tomato are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224033
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advanced backcross QTL analysis in a cross between an elite processing line of tomato and its wild relative L. pimpinellifolium (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 213-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Molecular markers  ;  Introgression  ;  Plant breeding  ;  Quantitative trait loci
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Approximately 170 BC2 plants from a cross between an elite processing inbred (recurrent parent) and the wild species Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium LA1589 (donor parent) were analyzed with segregating molecular markers covering the entire tomato genome. Marker data were used to identify QTLs controlling a battery of horticultural traits measured on BC2F1 and BC3 families derived from the BC2 individuals. Despite its overall inferior appearance, L. pimpinellifolium was shown to possess QTL alleles capable of enhancing most traits important in processing tomato production. QTL-NIL lines, containing specific QTLs modifying fruit size and shape, were subsequently constructed and shown to display the transgressive phenotypes predicted from the original BC2 QTL analysis. The potential of exploiting unadapted and wild germplasm via advanced backcross QTL analysis for the enhancement of elite crop varieties is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050116
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    fw 2.2:a major QTL controlling fruit weight is common to both red- and green-fruited tomato species (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 994-1000 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Lycopersicon esculentum ; RFLP Mapping ; Domestication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have shown that a major QTL for fruit weight (fw2.2) maps to the same position on chromosome 2 in the green-fruited wild tomato species, Lycopersicon pennellii and in the red-fruited wild tomato species, L. pimpinellifolium. An introgression line F2 derived from L. esculentum (tomato) x L. pennellii and a backcross 1 (BC1) population derived from L. esculentum x L. pimpinellifolium both place fw2.2 near TG91 and TG167 on chromosome 2 of the tomato highdensity linkage map. fw2.2 accounts for 30% and 47% of the total phenotypic variance in the L. pimpinellifolium and L. pennellii populations, respectively, indicating that this is a major QTL controlling fruit weight in both species. Partial dominance (d/a of 0.44) was observed for the L. pennellii allele of fw 2.2 as compared with the L. esculentum allele. A QTL with very similar phenotypic affects and gene action has also been identified and mapped to the same chromosomal region in other wild tomato accessions: L. cheesmanii and L. pimpinellifolium. Together, these data suggest that fw2.2 represents an orthologous QTL (i.e., derived by speciation as opposed to duplication) common to most, if not all, wild tomato species. High-resolution mapping may ultimately lead to the cloning of this key locus controlling fruit development in tomato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223911
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of RFLPs, GATA microsatellites and RAPDs in a cross between L. esculentum and L. pimpinellifolium (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 957-965 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mapping ; RFLPs ; GATA microsatellites ; RAPDs ; L. pimpinellifolium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A population of 257 BC1 plants was developed from a cross between an elite processing line of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv‘M82-1-7’) and the closely related wild species L. pimpinellifolium (LA1589). The population was used to construct a genetic linkage map suitable for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis to be conducted in different backcross generations. The map comprises 115 RFLP, 3 RAPD and 2 morphological markers that span 1279 cM of the tomato genome with an average distance between markers of 10.7 cM. This map is comparable in length to that of the highdensity RFLP map derived from a L. esculentum x L. pennellii F2 population. The order of the markers in the two maps is also in good agreement, however there are considerable differences in the distribution of recombination along the chromosomes. The segregation of six GATA-containing loci and 47 RAPD markers was also analyzed in subsets of the population. All of the microsatellite loci and 35 (75%) of the RAPDs mapped to clusters associated with centromeric regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224035
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