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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-09-16
    Description: We selected three to eight well-preserved specimens of the benthic foraminiferal species Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi and/or Cibicidoides mundulus from the size fraction 〉250 μm. In 29 samples, only 1-2 specimens were analyzed and in 12 samples the species Uvigerina spp. or Hoeglundina elegans were measured, when C. wuellerstorfi and C. mundulus were rare or absent. Tests were broken into large fragments and cleaned in ethanol in an ultrasonic bath, then dried at 40°C. Measurements were performed with a Finnigan MAT 253 mass spectrometer coupled online to a Carbo-Kiel IV device for automated CO2 preparation from carbonate samples at the Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel. Samples were reacted by individual acid addition (99% H3PO4 at 75°C). The external standard error is better than ±0.08‰ and ±0.05‰ for δ18O, based on international standards. Results were calibrated using the National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) (Gaithersburg, Maryland) carbonate isotope standard NBS (National Bureau of Standard) 19, and the international carbonate standard IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) 603 and reported on the Vienna PeeDee Belemnite (VPDB) scale. Duplicate measurements of 32 samples show an average standard deviation of 0.08‰ for δ18O. We applied a correction factor of −0.64‰ to Uvigerina δ18O and of -1.26‰ for Hoeglundina δ18O to normalize values to C. wuellerstorfi δ18O.
    Keywords: 363-U1483A; 363-U1483B; 363-U1483C; AGE; Australian Monsoon; Cibicidoides mundulus, δ13C; Cibicidoides mundulus, δ18O; Cibicidoides spp., δ13C; Cibicidoides spp., δ18O; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi, δ18O; Depth, composite revised; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp363; Hoeglundina elegans, δ13C; Hoeglundina elegans, δ18O; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; IODP Depth Scale Terminology; IODP Expedition 363; Joides Resolution; Mass spectrometer, Finnigan, MAT 253; Middle Pleistocene Transition; Sample code/label; Uvigerina spp., δ13C; Uvigerina spp., δ18O
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4564 data points
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-09-16
    Description: Reflectance spectroscopy of the archive section halves of sediment cores was measured during IODP Expedition 363 using an Ocean Optics USB4000 spectrophotometer on the Section Half Multisensory Logger. Measurements were taken at 2.5 cm spacing and reflectance values for visible wavelengths were recorded in 2 nm wide spectral bins between 380 and 900 nm. We use these in-situ visible light reflectance spectroscopy data to analyse the abundance of diagenetic photosynthesis pigments (chlorins) in bulk sediments along the composite sediment splice from Holes U1483A, U1483B and U1483C. The ratio of pigment fraction expressed in the relative absorption at the 660 nm spectral band is related to chlorin concentration. The relative absorption band depth at 660 nm was calculated using the algorithm: RABD660= {[(6*R590+7*R730)/13]/R660}/Rmean where RABD660 is the relative absorption band depth at 660 nm, R590, R660 and R730 the reflectance at 590, 660 and 730 nm wavelength and Rmean the mean reflectance over the interval 590 to 730 nm (Rein and Sirocko, 2002).
    Keywords: 363-U1483A; 363-U1483B; 363-U1483C; AGE; Australian Monsoon; Depth, composite revised; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp363; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; IODP Depth Scale Terminology; IODP Expedition 363; Joides Resolution; Middle Pleistocene Transition; Offset; Relative absorption band depth; Sample code/label; Spectrophotometer, Ocean Optics USB4000
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 24164 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: We performed high-resolution X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning with the 2nd Generation Avaatech XRF Core Scanner at the Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel (Germany). The archive halves were equilibrated to room temperature before scanning and a thin layer of sediment was removed from the top to obtain a fresh, even surface for scanning. We scanned at 2 cm intervals along the shipboard splice with approximately 1–2 m overlaps at splice tie points. Scanning was performed with 10 kV (750 µA, 10s acquisition time, no filter) and 30 kV (2000 µA, 20s acquisition time, Pd-thick filter) on the archive halves, which were covered with a 4 µm thick Chemplex Prolene Thin-Film foil to prevent contamination of the XRF detector. We used a crosscore slit size of 1.2 cm and a downcore slit size of 1 cm. The data reported here were acquired by a XR-100CR detector from Amptek and an Oxford Instruments 50W XTF5011 X-Ray tube with rhodium (Rh) target material. Raw X-ray spectra were converted into area counts using the iterative least-square software package WIN_AXIL from Canberra Eurisys and a core-specific model. The elements Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, and Fe were analyzed with the 10-kV setting and the elements Br, Rb, and Zr with the 30-kV setting. Measured area counts per second of the spectral peaks of each element were transferred to logarithmic elemental ratios, which provide the most easily interpretable signals of relative changes in chemical composition.
    Keywords: 363-U1483A; 363-U1483B; 363-U1483C; AGE; Australian Monsoon; Bromine; Bromine, chi-square; Bromine, standard deviation; Depth, composite revised; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp363; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; IODP Depth Scale Terminology; IODP Expedition 363; Joides Resolution; log-Zirconium/Rubidium ratio; Middle Pleistocene Transition; Rubidium; Rubidium, chi-square; Rubidium, standard deviation; Sample code/label; X-ray fluorescence core scanner (XRF), Avaatech; Zirconium; Zirconium, chi-square; Zirconium, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 92006 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: We performed high-resolution X-ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanning with the 2nd Generation Avaatech XRF Core Scanner at the Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel (Germany). The archive halves were equilibrated to room temperature before scanning and a thin layer of sediment was removed from the top to obtain a fresh, even surface for scanning. We scanned at 2 cm intervals along the shipboard splice with approximately 1–2 m overlaps at splice tie points. Scanning was performed with 10 kV (750 µA, 10s acquisition time, no filter) and 30 kV (2000 µA, 20s acquisition time, Pd-thick filter) on the archive halves, which were covered with a 4 µm thick Chemplex Prolene Thin-Film foil to prevent contamination of the XRF detector. We used a crosscore slit size of 1.2 cm and a downcore slit size of 1 cm. The data reported here were acquired by a XR-100CR detector from Amptek and an Oxford Instruments 50W XTF5011 X-Ray tube with rhodium (Rh) target material. Raw X-ray spectra were converted into area counts using the iterative least-square software package WIN_AXIL from Canberra Eurisys and a core-specific model. The elements Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Ti, Mn, and Fe were analyzed with the 10-kV setting and the elements Br, Rb, and Zr with the 30-kV setting. Measured area counts per second of the spectral peaks of each element were transferred to logarithmic elemental ratios, which provide the most easily interpretable signals of relative changes in chemical composition.
    Keywords: 363-U1483A; 363-U1483B; 363-U1483C; AGE; Aluminium; Aluminium, chi-square; Aluminium, standard deviation; Australian Monsoon; Calcium; Calcium, chi-square; Calcium, standard deviation; Chlorine; Chlorine, chi-square; Chlorine, standard deviation; Depth, composite revised; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Event label; Exp363; IODP Depth Scale Terminology; IODP Expedition 363; Iron; Iron, chi-square; Iron, standard deviation; Joides Resolution; log-(Aluminium+Potassium+Titanium+Iron)/Calcium ratio; log-Aluminium/Potassium ratio; log-Manganese/Sulfur ratio; Manganese; Manganese, chi-square; Manganese, standard deviation; Middle Pleistocene Transition; Potassium; Potassium, chi-square; Potassium, standard deviation; Sample code/label; Silicon; Silicon, chi-square; Silicon, standard deviation; Sulfur; Sulfur, chi-square; Sulfur, standard deviation; Titanium; Titanium, chi-square; Titanium, standard deviation; X-ray fluorescence core scanner (XRF), Avaatech
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 253044 data points
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-06
    Description: We integrate benthic foraminiferal δ18O data, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) scanner-derived elemental data, light reflectance spectroscopy and spectral gamma ray records from IODP Site U1483 (13°5.24'S, 121°48.25'E; 1733 m water depth) in the Timor Sea off NW Australia to monitor secular variations in terrigenous river discharge, productivity and bottom water oxygenation and to investigate the primary drivers of the Australian Monsoon's evolution between 1.6 and 0.4 Ma.
    Keywords: Australian Monsoon; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; IODP Expedition 363; Middle Pleistocene Transition
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Distributed computing 9 (1995), S. 131-145 
    ISSN: 1432-0452
    Keywords: Key words: Authentication ; Key distribution ; Protocol metrics ; Lower bound ; Optimal protocol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summary.  Research in authentication protocols has focused largely on developing and analyzing protocols that are secure against certain types of attacks. There is little and only scattered discussion on protocol efficiency. This paper presents results on the lower bounds on the numbers of messages, rounds, and encryptions required for network authentication. For each proven lower bound, an authentication protocol achieving the bound is also given, thus proving that the bound is a tight bound if the given optimal protocol is secure. Moreover, we give impossibility results of obtaining protocols that are simultaneously optimal with respect to the numbers of messages and rounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Wireless networks 1 (1995), S. 281-295 
    ISSN: 1572-8196
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Multicast is rapidly becoming an important mode of communication and a good platform for building group-oriented services. To be used for trusted communication, however, current multicast schemes must be supplemented by mechanisms for protecting traffic, controlling participation, and restricting access of unauthorized users to data exchanged by the participants. In this paper, we consider fundamental security issues in building a trusted multicast facility. We discuss techniques for group-based data encryption, authentication of participants, and preventing unauthorized transmissions and receptions. We also describe the application of these principles and techniques in designing an architecture for secure multicast in a mobile environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of network and systems management 4 (1996), S. 279-297 
    ISSN: 1573-7705
    Keywords: Digital signature ; electronic mail ; encryption ; security
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract Electronic mail, or e-mail, has brought us a big step closer towards the vision of paperless offices. To advance even closer to this vision, however, it is essential that existing e-mail systems be enhanced with value-added services which are capable of replacing many of the human procedures established in pen and paper communications. One of the most important and desirable such services is certified e-mail delivery, in which the intended recipient will get the mail content if and only if the mail originator receives an irrefutable proof-of-delivery from the recipient. In this paper, we present the design of two third-party based certified mail protocols, termed CMP1 and CMP2. Both protocols are designed for integration into existing standard e-mail systems and both satisfy the requirements ofnonrepudiation of origin, nonrepudiation of delivery, and fairness. The difference between CMP1 and CMP2 is that the former provides no mail content confidentiality protection while the latter provides such a protection. Moreover, security of the protocols are analyzed using a recently proposed accountability framework.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-01-30
    Description: Ranking among the most effective anticancer drugs, anthracyclines represent an important family of aromatic polyketides generated by type II polyketide synthases (PKSs). After formation of polyketide cores, the post-PKS tailoring modifications endow the scaffold with various structural diversities and biological activities. Here we demonstrate an unprecedented four-enzyme-participated hydroxyl regioisomerization process involved in the biosynthesis of kosinostatin. First, KstA15 and KstA16 function together to catalyze a cryptic hydroxylation of the 4-hydroxyl-anthraquinone core, yielding a 1,4-dihydroxyl product, which undergoes a chemically challenging asymmetric reduction-dearomatization subsequently acted by KstA11; then, KstA10 catalyzes a region-specific reduction concomitant with dehydration to afford the 1-hydroxyl anthraquinone. Remarkably, the shunt product identifications of both hydroxylation and reduction-dehydration reactions, the crystal structure of KstA11 with bound substrate and cofactor, and isotope incorporation experiments reveal mechanistic insights into the redox dearomatization and rearomatization steps. These findings provide a distinguished tailoring paradigm for type II PKS engineering.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2020-02-01
    Electronic ISSN: 2158-3226
    Topics: Physics
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