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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 2647-2650 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 53 (1997), S. 1000-1003 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 762-764 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 722-731 
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure of pentatitanium tetraoxide tetrakis(phosphate), Ti5O4(PO4)4, has been determined and refined from X-ray diffraction single-crystal data [P212121 (No. 19), Z = 4, a = 12.8417 (12), b = 14.4195 (13), c = 7.4622 (9) Å (from Guinier photographs); conventional residual R1 = 0.042 for 2556 Fo 〉 4σ(Fo), R1 = 0.057 for all 3276 independent reflections; 282 parameters; 29 atoms in the asymmetric unit of the ideal structure]. The structure is closely related to those of β-Fe2O(PO4)-type phosphates and synthetic lipscombite, Fe3(PO4)4(OH). While these consist of infinite chains of face-sharing MO6 octahedra, in pentatitanium tetraoxide tetrakis(phosphate) only five-eighths of the octahedral voids are occupied according to □3Ti5O4(PO4)4. Four of the five independent Ti4+O6 show high radial distortion [1.72 ≤ d(Ti−O) ≤ 2.39 Å] and a typical 1 + 4 + 1 distance distribution. The fifth Ti4+O6 is an almost regular octahedron [1.91 ≤ d(Ti−O) ≤ 1.98 Å]. Partial disorder of Ti4+ over the available octahedral voids is revealed by the X-ray structure refinement. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) investigations confirm this result.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 539 (1986), S. 240-240 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 569 (1989), S. 192-192 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions on the Thermal Behaviour of Anhydrous Phosphates. III. Chemical Vapour Transport of Phosphates of Ti3+ and Ti4+Equilibrium experiments have been carried out in the system Ti/P/O at 900°C in evacuated silica ampoules. Besides the ternary phases TiPO4, TiP2O7 and Ti2P2O9 another up to now not identified ternary compound has been observed in the phase triangle TiO2/TiPO4/TiP2O7.Well developed crystals of green TiPO4 have been grown by a chemical vapour transport reaction (1000 → 900°C) using iodine as transport agent (TA).Crystalline TiP2O7 has been obtained by the same method (1000 → 900°C) TA: I(2) adding small amounts of TiP or elemental phosphorus to the starting material. Using PI3 as transport agent titanium(III) trimetaphosphate, TiP3O9, has been deposited in a non-stationary chemical transport reaction.With estimated thermodynamic values for TiPO4,s (ΔBH298° = -394 [kcal/mol]; S298° = 23,1[cal/mol · K]), TiP2O7,s (ΔBH298° = -607 [kcal/mol]; S298° = 39,4 [cal/mol. · K]) and TiP3O9,s (ΔBH298° = -778[kcal/mol]; S298° = 50,4[cal/mol·K]) several heterogenous equilibria will be compared with the experimental results. The influence of moisture on the transport behaviour will be discussed.Heavy attack on the silica ampoules has been observed when we used PtCl2 or HgCl2 as transport agents. This attack lead to the formation of the new silico-phosphate Ti4P6Si2O25.
    Notes: Gleichgewichtsexperimente bei 900°C in Quarzglasampullen gaben Aufschluß über die im untersuchten Bereich des Systems Ti/P/O auftretenden Bodenköper. TiPO4, TiP2O7, „Ti2P2O9“ sowie eine noch nicht näher charakterisierte Verbindung im Phasendreieck TiO2/TiPO4/TiP2O7 sind nachweisbar.TiPO4 wurde in regelmäßig ausgebildeten, grünen Kristallen (Kantenlänge bis zu 5 mm) durch chemischen Transport im Temperaturgradienten 1000 → 900°C mit Iod als Transportmittel (TM) erhalten.TiP2O7 ließ sich bei einem geringen Zusatz (≈ 10 mg) von TiP oder elementarem Phosphor zum Ausgangsbodenkörper abscheiden (TM: Iod; 1000 → 900°C). Auch Titan(III)-trimetaphosphat, TiP3O9, konnte (unter Verzicht auf P4O10,s als Ausgangskomponente) aus TiP2O7,s und PI3,g in einem nichtstationär verlaufenden Transportexperiment in hellblauen Kristallen dargestellt werden.Aufgrund einer Abschätzung der thermodynamischen Daten von TiPO4,s (ΔBH298° = -394[kcal/mol]; S298° = 23,1 [cal/mol · K]), TiP2O7,s (ΔBH298° = -607 [kcal/mol]; S298° = 39,4 [cal/mol · K]) und TiP3O9,s (ΔBH298° = -778 [kcal/mol]; S298° = 50,4 [cal/mol · K]) wird die Bedeutung heterogener Gleichgewichte für das Verständnis der experimentellen Befunde, sowie der Einfluß von H2O auf das Transportverhalten diskutiert.Bei Verwendung von Chlor enthaltenden Transportmitteln entsteht durch Angriff auf die Quarzglasampullen das Phosphat-Silicat Ti4P6Si2O25 des dreiwertigen Titans.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 586 (1990), S. 141-148 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Crystal Structure of CrSO4 · 3 H2OEvaporating a solution of Cr2+ in dilute sulphuric acid at 70°C light blue crystals of CrSO4 · 3 H2O were grown. Its x-ray powder diffraction pattern is quite similar to that of CuSO4 · 3 H2O. The crystal structure refinement of CrSO4 · 3 H2O (space group Ce, a = 5.7056(8) Å, b = 13.211(2) Å, c = 7.485(1) Å, β = 96.73(1)°, Z = 4) from single crystal data, using the parameters of the copper compound as starting values, results in a final R-value of R = 3.8%.The surrounding of the Cr2+ ion can be described as a strongly elongated octahedron. The basal plane of the CrO6-octahedron consists of three hydrate oxygen atoms and one sulphate oxygen atom. The two more distant axial oxygen atoms also belong to sulphate groups. Thus they are forming chains of alterning CrO6-octahedra and SO4-tetrahedra along [110] and [1-10] linked via common corners. These chains are connected via sulphate groups and by bridging hydrogen bonds to a 3-dimensional network.
    Notes: Durch Kristallisieren aus einer schwefelsauren Lösung von Chrom(II)-Sulfat (T ≈ 70°C) ist das hellblaue Trihydrat CrSO4 · 3 H2O erhältlich. Die Verbindung ist isotyp zu CuSO4 · 3 H2O. Die Strukturverfeinerung anhand von Einkristalldaten erfolgte in der Raumgruppe Cc mit a = 5,7056(8) Å, b = 13,211(2) Å, c = 7,485(1) Å, β = 96,73(1)°, Z = 4 und konvergierte bei R = 3,8%.Cr2+ ist verzerrt oktaedrisch koordiniert. Die Basisfläche des Oktaeders wird von drei Hydratsauerstoffatomen und einem Sulfatsauerstoffatom aufgespannt. Zwei weitere Sauerstoffatome von Sulfatgruppen vervollständigen in einem größeren Abstand die elongierten Oktaeder. Diese sind untereinander über gemeinsame Sulfatpolyeder verknüpft. Dadurch ergeben sich Ketten, in denen CrO6-Oktaeder und SO4-Tetraeder abwechseln. Diese Ketten, deren Orientierung jeweils [110] und [1-10] in c-Richtung wechselt, sind über Sulfatgruppen und Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen miteinander verbunden.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 543 (1986), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions on the Thermal Behaviour of Anhydrous Phosphates. I. Preparation and Structure of α-CrPO4By a chemical transport reaction (1100°C → 1000°C) using chlorine as transporting agent we obtained dark-green, well shaped crystals of α-CrPO4. The compound crystallizes in the space group Imma. The lattice constants are a = 10.403(2), b = 12.898(2), c = 6.299(1) Å. The crystal structure has been determinated from single crystal data and refined to a conventional residual of R = 0.038 (1481 unique reflections, 34 variables). The structure consists of CrO6-octahedra and PO4-tetrahedra. Especially remarkable are pairs of edge sharing CrO6-octahedra which are connected with two PO4-tetrahedra at opposite edges. Parallel to the a- and b-axis are large channels extending through the whole structure.
    Notes: Durch chemischen Transport mit Chlor als Transportmittel (1100°C → 1000°C) erhielten wir dunkelgrüne, gut ausgebildete Kristalle von α-CrPO4. Die Substanz kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe Imma mit a = 10,403(2), b = 12,898(2), c = 6,299(1) Å. Die Kristallstruktur wurde aus Einkristalldaten bestimmt (R = 0,038; 1481 Fo, 34 Variable). α-CrPO4 ist aus CrO6-Oktaedern und PO4-Tetraedern aufgebaut. Bemerkenswert sind kantenverknüpfte CrO6-Oktaeder-Paare, die an gegenüberliegenden Kanten noch mit zwei PO4-Tetraedern verbunden sind. Parallel zur a- und b-Achse verlaufen größere Kanäle.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 573 (1989), S. 24-42 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Chemical Vapour Transport of Chromium and Manganese Monophosphide. Experimental Results and Thermochemical CalculationsUsing iodine as transport agent well shaped crystals of a volume up to V ≍ 50 mm3 (CrP) or an edgelength of approximately 1 ≍ 10 mm (MnP) can be grown.CrP has been deposited at the lower temperature of a temperature gradient (1050 → 950°C). At a density of the transport agent higher than D = 26 · 10-6 [mol I2/cm3] CrP and CrI2,1 coexist in the deposition region at the lower temperature. The determined composition of the condensed phases under equilibrium conditions are in accordance with thermochemical calculations assuming the heat of formation of CrP to be ΔFH298o= -25.5 ± 2 [kcal/mol]. Furthermore these calculations show that the solution of CrP in the gas phase leads to CrI2,g, Cr2I4,g, P2,g and P4,g, while I2,g, HIg, PI3,g and P2I4,g have to be considered as transport agents.The migration of MnP (1000 → 1100°C) results from an exothermic reaction. MnPs exists besides MnI2,1 in the source region. Thermochemical calculations are in good agreement with the experimental results and suggest the following heterogenous equilibrium to be responsible for the observed behaviour: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$${\rm MnP}_{\rm s} + 2{\rm HI}_{\rm g} {\rm = 1/2 Mn}_{\rm 2} {\rm I}_{{\rm 4,g}} {\rm + 1/4P}_{{\rm 4,g}} {\rm + H}_{{\rm 2,g}} $$\end{document}.
    Notes: Transportexperimente mit CrP sowie MnP unter Zusatz von Iod als Transportmittel ergaben gut ausgebildete Kristalle, deren Größe maximal V ≍ 50 mm3 (CrP), bzw. 1 ≍ 10 mm (MnP) erreichte.CrP wird in der weniger heißen Zone abgeschieden (1050 → 950°C). Bei Transportmitteldichten D ≤ 26 · 10-6 [mol I2/cm3] liegt CrP neben CrI2,1 in der Senke vor. Modellrechnungen erlauben eine Eingrenzung der Bildungsenthalpie ΔnBH298o(CrPs) = -25,5 ± 2 [kcal/mol] anhand der experimentell ermittelten Zusammensetzungen der Gleichgewichtsbodenkörper; sie zeigen ferner, daß die Löslichkeit von CrP in der Gasphase durch CrI2,g, Cr2I4,g, P2,g und P4,g bedingt wird und I2,g, HIg, PI3,g und P2I4,g als Transportmittel anzusehen sind.MnP wandert im Temperaturgradienten (1000 → 1100°C) aufgrund einer exothermen Reaktion, wobei im Quellenraum neben MnP auch MnI2,1 auftreten kann. Thermodynamische Modellrechnungen zum chemischen Transport von MnP mit Iod geben die beobachteten Transportraten und die Phasenverhältnisse im Bodenkörper gut wieder. Danach ist das heterogene Gleichgewicht\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$${\rm MnP}_{\rm s} + 2{\rm HI}_{\rm g} {\rm = 1/2 Mn}_{\rm 2} {\rm I}_{{\rm 4,g}} {\rm + 1/4P}_{{\rm 4,g}} {\rm + H}_{{\rm 2,g}} $$\end{document} entscheidend.
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