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  • 1
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    The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the last glacial (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Burckel, Pierre; Waelbroeck, Claire; Luo, Yiming; Roche, Didier M; Pichat, Sylvain; Jaccard, Samuel L; Gherardi, Jeanne-Marie; Govin, Aline; Lippold, Jörg; Thil, François (2016): Changes in the geometry and strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the last glacial (20–50 ka). Climate of the Past, 12(11), 2061-2075, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-2061-2016
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Description: We reconstruct the geometry and strength of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during Heinrich Stadial 2 and three Greenland interstadials of the 20-50 ka period based on the comparison of new and published sedimentary 231Pa/230Th data with simulated sedimentary 231Pa/230Th. We show that the deep Atlantic circulation during these interstadials was very different from that of the Holocene. Northern-sourced waters likely circulated above 2500 m depth, with a flow rate lower than that of the present day North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW). Southern-sourced deep waters most probably flowed northwards below 4000 m depth into the North Atlantic basin, and then southwards as a return flow between 2500 and 4000 m depth. The flow rate of this southern-sourced deep water was likely larger than that of the modern Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW). Our results further show that during Heinrich Stadial 2, the deep Atlantic was probably directly affected by a southern-sourced water mass below 2500 m depth, while a slow southward flowing water mass originating from the North Atlantic likely influenced depths between 1500 and 2500 m down to the equator.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 6 datasets
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  • 2
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    (Table S02) Age model of sediment core MD09-3256 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, 14C calibrated, CALIB 7.0 with MARINE13 calibration curve (Reimer et al. 2013); Age, comment; Age, dated; Age, dated standard deviation; Calendar age; Calendar age, standard deviation; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD09-3256; MD09-3256Q; MD173; RETRO-2; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 50 data points
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  • 3
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    (Table S07) Pa, Th and U isotopes concentrations of sediment core MD09-3256 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Keywords: AGE; Age, standard deviation; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD09-3256; MD09-3256Q; MD173; Protactinium/Thorium ratio; Protactinium/Thorium ratio, standard deviation; Protactinium-231; Protactinium-231, standard deviation; RETRO-2; South Atlantic Ocean; Thorium-230; Thorium-230, standard deviation; Thorium-232; Thorium-232, standard deviation; Uranium-238; Uranium-238, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 297 data points
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  • 4
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    (Table S10) Ti/Ca ratios of sediment core MD09-3256 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Keywords: AGE; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD09-3256; MD09-3256Q; MD173; RETRO-2; South Atlantic Ocean; Titanium/Calcium ratio
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 172 data points
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  • 5
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    (Table S09) Stable carbon isotopic ratios of Cibicides wuellerstorfi of sediment core MD09-3256 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-02
    Keywords: AGE; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Cibicides wuellerstorfi, δ13C; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD09-3256; MD09-3256Q; MD173; RETRO-2; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 144 data points
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  • 6
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    (Table S1) 230Th normalized diatom fluxes through HE1 in sediment core MD95-2027
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Nave, Silvia Osorio; Labeyrie, Laurent D; Gherardi, Jeanne-Marie; Caillon, Nicolas; Cortijo, Elsa; Kissel, Catherine; Abrantes, Fatima F (2007): Primary productivity response to Heinrich events in the North Atlantic Ocean and Norwegian Sea. Paleoceanography, 22(3), PA3216, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006PA001335
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Description: he last glacial was punctuated by several massive ice sheet surges into the North Atlantic that impacted surface water hydrology especially where icebergs melted. However, the links between variations in surface water hydrology and surface water productivity during these Heinrich events (HEs) remain uncertain. To address this issue, diatoms and organic carbon were examined across Heinrich event 1 (HE 1) and Heinrich event 4 (HE 4) in seven sediment cores spanning 40°N to 63°N latitude. Our results show low diatom abundances during HEs, consistent with decreased surface water productivity. Diatom dilution by increased sediment flux was tested by normalizing diatom abundance to a constant 230Th flux. Although the particle rain rate was enhanced during HEs, this does not explain the sharp drop in diatoms. During HE 4, surface productivity decreased at all latitudes examined, probably because of strong, year-round stratification. The same inferred changes occurred during HE 1 within the area of maximum iceberg melting. However, at northern latitudes (above 50°N) the summer insolation increase of the glacial termination drove increased surface productivity during the whole period, including HE 1. Marine organic carbon, taken as independent proxy for export production, supports the diatom data. Trends shown by the productivity proxies evolve generally in parallel with the hydrographic proxies, with an increase in productivity when sea surface temperature increases.
    Keywords: -; Accumulation rate, diatoms; AGE; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Diatoms, total, per unit sediment mass; IMAGES I; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD101; MD952027; MD95-2027; Newfoundland Slope; Thorium-230, flux normalized
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 150 data points
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  • 7
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    (Table S06) Opale records of sediment cores SU90-03 and MD09-3256 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Event label; Le Suroît; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD09-3256; MD09-3256Q; MD173; North Atlantic; Opal, biogenic silica; Opal, flux; PALEOCINAT; PC; Piston corer; RETRO-2; South Atlantic Ocean; SU90-03
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 30 data points
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  • 8
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    (Table S08) Pa, Th and U isotopes concentrations of sediment core SU90-03 (2016)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-27
    Keywords: AGE; Age, standard deviation; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Le Suroît; North Atlantic; PALEOCINAT; PC; Piston corer; Protactinium/Thorium ratio; Protactinium/Thorium ratio, standard deviation; Protactinium-231; Protactinium-231, standard deviation; SU90-03; Thorium-230; Thorium-230, standard deviation; Thorium-232; Thorium-232, standard deviation; Uranium-238; Uranium-238, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 187 data points
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  • 9
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    (Table S1) Age determination of Atlantic Ocean sediment cores (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Waelbroeck, Claire; Skinner, Luke C; Labeyrie, Laurent D; Duplessy, Jean-Claude; Michel, Elisabeth; Vázquez Riveiros, Natalia; Gherardi, Jeanne-Marie; Dewilde, Fabien (2011): The timing of deglacial circulation changes in the Atlantic. Paleoceanography, 26(3), PA3213, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010PA002007
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-02
    Description: Well-dated benthic foraminifer oxygen isotopic records (d18O) from different water depths and locations within the Atlantic Ocean exhibit distinct patterns and significant differences in timing over the last deglaciation. This has two implications: on the one hand, it confirms that benthic d18O cannot be used as a global correlation tool with millennial-scale precision, but on the other hand, the combination of benthic isotopic records with independent dating provides a wealth of information on past circulation changes. Comparing new South Atlantic benthic isotopic data with published benthic isotopic records, we show that (1) circulation changes first affected benthic d18O in the 1000-2200 m range, with marked decreases in benthic d18O taking place at ~17.5 cal. kyr B.P. (ka) due to the southward propagation of brine waters generated in the Nordic Seas during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) cold period; (2) the arrival of d18O-depleted deglacial meltwater took place later at deeper North Atlantic sites; (3) hydrographic changes recorded in North Atlantic cores below 3000 m during HS1 do not correspond to simple alternations between northern- and southern-sourced water but likely reflect instead the incursion of brine-generated deep water of northern as well as southern origin; and (4) South Atlantic waters at ~44°S and ~3800 m depth remained isolated from better-ventilated northern-sourced water masses until after the resumption of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) formation at the onset of the Bølling-Allerod, which led to the propagation of NADW into the South Atlantic.
    Keywords: 90b; Age, 14C AMS; Age, 14C calibrated; Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard deviation; Azores; BC; Box corer; Calendar age; Calendar age, standard error; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Calypso Square Core System; CASQS; CH69-K09; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Elevation of event; ENAM9321; ENAM93-21; Event label; Faroe Islands margin; GC; GeoB1711; GeoB1711-4; Gravity corer; Gravity corer (Kiel type); IMAGES I; IMAGES V; IMAGES XV - Pachiderme; KAL; Kasten corer; KN_USA; Knorr; KNR31GPC5; Laboratory code/label; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; M20/2; Marion Dufresne (1995); MD07-3076; MD07-3076Q; MD101; MD114; MD159; MD952037; MD95-2037; MD99-2334; Meteor (1986); NA87-22; Namibia continental slope; Newfoundland margin; North Atlantic; PC; Piston corer; SL; South Atlantic Ocean
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1313 data points
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  • 10
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    (Table S1) Age determination of sediment core OCE326-GGC5 (2004)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: McManus, Jerry F; Francois, Roger; Gherardi, Jeanne-Marie; Keigwin, Lloyd D; Brown Leger, Susan (2004): Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate changes. Nature, 428(6985), 834-837, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02494
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-02
    Description: The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation is widely believed to affect climate. Changes in ocean circulation have been inferred from records of the deep water chemical composition derived from sedimentary nutrient proxies (Boyle and Keigwin, 1987, doi:10.1038/330035a0), but their impact on climate is difficult to assess because such reconstructions provide insufficient constraints on the rate of overturning (LeGrand and Wunsch, 1995, doi:10.1029/95PA01455). Here we report measurements of 231Pa/230Th, a kinematic proxy for the meridional overturning circulation, in a sediment core from the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean. We find that the meridional overturning was nearly, or completely, eliminated during the coldest deglacial interval in the North Atlantic region, beginning with the catastrophic iceberg discharge Heinrich event H1, 17,500 yr ago, and declined sharply but briefly into the Younger Dryas cold event, about 12,700 yr ago. Following these cold events, the 231Pa/230Th record indicates that rapid accelerations of the meridional overturning circulation were concurrent with the two strongest regional warming events during deglaciation. These results confirm the significance of variations in the rate of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation for abrupt climate changes.
    Keywords: Age, 14C AMS; Age, 14C calibrated, CALIB 4.3 (Stuiver et al., 1998); Age, dated; Age, dated material; Age, dated standard deviation; Calendar age; DEPTH, sediment/rock; GC; GGC5; Gravity corer; North Atlantic; OCE326-GGC5
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 64 data points
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