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  • 1
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    Regionalization of methane emissions in the Amazon Basin with microwave remote sensing (2004)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-05-01
    Print ISSN: 1354-1013
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2486
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Published by Wiley
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    An algorithm for chlorophyll using first difference transformations of AVIRIS reflectance spectra (1995)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Experimental results have shown the existence of a strong relationship between chlorophyll alpha concentration and remote sensing reflectance measured at lake level with a high resolution spectroradiometer. The objective of our study was to investigate the relationship between surface chlorophyll alpha concentration at Mono Lake and water reflectance retrieved from Airborne Visible - Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data obtained in october 7, 1992. AVIRIS data were atmospherically corrected as described by Green et al. A description of the lake-level sampling is found in Melack and Gastil. The relationship between chlorophyll concentration and both the single band reflectance and the first difference transformation of the reflectance spectra for the first 40 AVIRIS spectral bands (400 nm to 740 nm) was examined. The relationship was then used to produce a map of the surface chlorophyll distribution.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: JPL, Summaries of the Fifth Annual JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop; p 121-124
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Seasonal and spatial variations in phytoplanktonic chlorophyll in eutrophic Mono Lake, California, measured with the Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) (1992)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: The principal problem with application of airborne imaging spectrometers to lakes is the weak upwelling signal, especially when narrow spectral bands with high spatial resolution are sought. Furthermore, atmospheric path radiance dominates the signal received from dark targets such as lakes. Once atmospheric effects have been removed from the radiance received at the sensor, semi-empirical relationships can be developed to extract information about phytoplankton pigment concentrations for different underwater optical conditions. In lakes where concentrations of dissolved organics and suspended detritus may not co-vary with phytoplankton pigments, the many spectral channels of an imaging spectrometer such as AVIRIS are likely to be required to distinguish the various aquasols. The objectives of our study are to: (1) estimate the chlorophyll content of a lake with hundred-fold seasonal ranges in chlorophyll concentration using atmospherically corrected upwelling radiances derived from AVIRIS imagery, and (2) to examine spatial patterns in chlorophyll after reduction of the coherent noise in the imagery by filtering techniques.
    Keywords: EARTH RESOURCES AND REMOTE SENSING
    Type: JPL, Summaries of the Third Annual JPL Airborne Geoscience Workshop. Volume 1: AVIRIS Workshop; p 53-55
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Improved Atmospheric Correction for AVIRIS Spectra from Inland Waters (1998)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Remote sensing reflectance (Rrs) cannot be measured directly. Comparison of Rrs calculated from field measurements to Rrs calculated from AVIRIS spectra and the atmospheric radiative transfer model modtran provides a measure of the accuracy of our method. That and other comparisons are presented here as a validation of a method of retrieving Rrs from inland waters from AVIRIS radiance. The method of collecting field measurements for Rrs is described in Hamilton, 1993. Retrieval of Rrs from AVIRIS using modtran was developed from Carder, 1993. AVIRIS radiance is reduced by the path radiance modeled by modtran and divided by one-way transmission. Skylight, modeled by modtran, specularly reflected from the lake surface, is then subtracted from this radiance, leaving only that radiance which has come from under water. This water-leaving radiance is then normalized by the downwelling irradiance incident at the surface as modeled by modtran. Our improved retrieval of Rrs has allowed us to fit a single curve to a set of 134 pairs of AVIRIS Rrs and measured chlorophyll gathered on eight experiments at Mono Lake. Previously, spectra from different surveys varied more due to lingering atmospheric effects and/or radiometric calibration imprecision than they varied due to chlorophyll.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: Summaries of the Seventh JPL Airborne Earth Science Workshop January 12-16, 1998; 1; 141-148; JPL-Publ-97-21-Vol-1
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regionalization of methane emissions in the Amazon Basin with microwave remote sensing (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 10 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: Wetlands of the Amazon River basin are globally significant sources of atmospheric methane. Satellite remote sensing (passive and active microwave) of the temporally varying extent of inundation and vegetation was combined with field measurements to calculate regional rates of methane emission for Amazonian wetlands. Monthly inundation areas for the fringing floodplains of the mainstem Solimões/Amazon River were derived from analysis of the 37 GHz polarization difference observed by the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer from 1979 to 1987. L-band synthetic aperture radar data (Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1) were used to determine inundation and wetland vegetation for the Amazon basin (〈500 m elevation) at high (May–June 1996) and low water (October 1995). An extensive set of measurements of methane emission is available from the literature for the fringing floodplains of the central Amazon, segregated into open water, flooded forest and floating macrophyte habitats. Uncertainties in the regional emission rates were determined by Monte Carlo error analyses that combined error estimates for the measurements of emission and for calculations of inundation and habitat areas. The mainstem Solimões/Amazon floodplain (54–70°W) emitted methane at a mean annual rate of 1.3 Tg C yr−1, with a standard deviation (SD) of the mean of 0.3 Tg C yr−1; 67% of this range in uncertainty is owed to the range in rates of methane emission and 33% is owed to uncertainty in the areal estimates of inundation and vegetative cover. Methane emission from a 1.77 million square kilometers area in the central basin had a mean of 6.8 Tg C yr−1 with a SD of 1.3 Tg C yr−1. If extrapolated to the whole basin below the 500 m contour, approximately 22 Tg C yr−1 is emitted; this mean flux has a greenhouse warming potential of about 0.5 Pg C as CO2. Improvement of these regional estimates will require many more field measurements of methane emission, further examination of remotely sensed data for types of wetlands not represented in the central basin, and process-based models of methane production and emission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00763.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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