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  • 1
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    Morphological and allozyme studies of midwife toads (genus Alytes), including the description of two new taxa from Spain (1995)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology vol. 65 no. 1, pp. 5-32
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Allozyme variation in 31 to 50 presumptive loci of 12 populations of European midwife toads of the genus Alytes show appreciable genetic divergences (DiNe from 0.29 to 0.72) among four groups. These groups correspond to A. cisternasii Bosc\xc3\xa1, 1879, A. obstetricans (Laurenti, 1768), A. muletensis (Sanchiz & Adrover, 1979), and a new species from the Betic mountains described here as A. dickhilleni n. sp. Smaller divergences among geographic groups of populations of A. obstetricans (up to DNei = 0.17) support the existence of three geographic units in Europe corresponding to the previously recognized subspecies A. o. obstetricans and A. o. boscai Lataste, 1879, plus a third one described here under the designation of A. o. almogavarii n. ssp. The analysis of morphological variation among taxa using principal component and discriminant analysis shows a remarkable similarity between A. dickhilleni and A. obstetricans; these are cryptic species. A phylogenetic analysis of allozyme data using A. cisternasii as the outgroup supports a sister taxon relationship between A. muletensis and A. dickhilleni, with A. obstetricans the sister taxon to this clade. The historical biogeography of the genus is discussed.
    Keywords: Allozymes ; Alytes ; midwife toads ; morphometry ; Spain ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 2
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    Phylogeny and biogeography of midwife toads (Alytes, Discoglossidae): a rebuttal (1997)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology vol. 66 no. 4, pp. 263-268
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Three competing phylogenetic hypotheses for the genus Alytes (midwife toads) are evaluated. Based on quantitative coding of protein characters the most parsimonious solution shows a sister taxon relationship for Alytes dickhilleni and A. muletensis. The alternatives in which A. obstetricans has its sister group in either A. dickhilleni or A. muletensis lack support. Using calibrations derived from protein evolutionary rates, the vicariant events giving rise to A. obstetricans and the lineage leading to the A. muletensis and A. dickhilleni clade and the subsequent splitting between A. muletensis and A. dickhilleni cannot be placed much earlier than the Miocene-Pliocene boundary. Biogeographical scenarios invoking an earlier time of divergence should be rejected.
    Keywords: Allozymes ; Alytes ; biogeography ; midwife toads ; phylogenetics ; Spain ; taxonomy ; vicariance
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 3
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    Morphological characterization, cytogenetic analysis, and geographical distribution of the Pygmy Marbled Newt Triturus marmoratus pygmaeus (Wolterstorff, 1905) (Caudata: Salamandridae) (1993)
    In:  Bijdragen tot de dierkunde vol. 63 no. 1, pp. 3-14
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Triturus marmoratus pygmaeus, a problematic subspecies of the Marbled Newt from the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula, is redescribed using specimens collected in the \xe2\x80\x9ctypical\xe2\x80\x9d area. Diagnostic external morphological features are provided to permit the accurate determination of the specimens belonging either to T. m. marmoratus or to T. m. pygmaeus. These diagnostic features were applied to individuals both from the field and from museum collections. The results indicate a larger distributional area for T. m. pygmaeus than was previously recognized. The distribution of T. m. marmoratus ranges over the northern half of the Iberian Peninsula and most of France; T. m. pygmaeus occupies the southwestern part of the Iberian Peninsula. The contact area between the two subspecies seems to be located along the Central Range Mountains (Sistema Central) in Portugal and Spain. T. m. marmoratus extends southwards beyond this borderline in three areas: Serra da Estrela (Portugal), Sierra de Gata (Spain) and Sierra de Guadarrama (Spain). The only point at which T. m. pygmaeus reaches northwards beyond the Central System is near Puerto de Malag\xc3\xb3n (Madrid Province, Spain). No cases of strict sympatry, nor individuals with intermediate morphological features have been observed. The results of an extensive cytogenetical analysis do not show any differences between T. m. pygmaeus and T. m. marmoratus. Interestingly, however, the T. m. pygmaeus populations from Do\xc3\xb1ana (Huelva Province, Spain) showed an exclusive, though little differentiated, C-banding pattern.
    Keywords: Taxonomy ; cytogenetics ; Salamandridae ; Triturus ; Iberian Peninsula
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 4
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    Genealogy of the nuclear \xce\xb2-fibrinogen intron 7 in Lissotriton boscai (Caudata, Salamandridae): concordance with mtDNA and implications for phylogeography and speciation (2015)
    In:  Contributions to Zoology vol. 84 no. 3, pp. 193-215
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    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: The power of phylogeographic inference resides in its ability to integrate information from multiple sources in an iterative hypothesis-testing framework. In this paper, we build upon previous mtDNA-based hypotheses about the evolutionary history of the Iberian newt Lissotriton boscai using sequences of the highly variable nuclear \xce\xb2-fibrinogen intron 7. In addition to the nuclear sequences, we produced new mtDNA data across the species range to delineate contact zones and test the congruence between nuclear and mitochondrial datasets at the same level of spatial organization. Through a combination of phylogenetic, phylogeographic continuous diffusion, and genetic landscape modelling analyses, we infer the evolutionary history of the species. We found notable congruence between nuclear and mtDNA datasets, which confirms deep and consistent differentiation between two major lineages that originated in the Miocene. Additionally, we found a new nuclear haplogroup with no mtDNA counterpart, roughly circumscribed to the Iberian Sistema Central mountains, and extensive areas of nuclear admixture across mtDNA lineages. We describe potential historical dispersal routes from an ancestral hypothetical refugium in the western end of the Sistema Central in central Portugal and highlight how deep phylogeographic breaks do not necessarily indicate cryptic speciation events.
    Keywords: \xce\xb2-fibint7 ; genetic landscape shape ; Iberian Peninsula ; mitochondrial DNA ; nuclear DNA
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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