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  • 1
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    Late-Neoproterozoic deep-ocean oxygenation and the rise of animal life (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-12-13
    Description: Because animals require oxygen, an increase in late-Neoproterozoic oxygen concentrations has been suggested as a stimulus for their evolution. The iron content of deep-sea sediments shows that the deep ocean was anoxic and ferruginous before and during the Gaskiers glaciation 580 million years ago and that it became oxic afterward. The first known members of the Ediacara biota arose shortly after the Gaskiers glaciation, suggesting a causal link between their evolution and this oxygenation event. A prolonged stable oxic environment may have permitted the emergence of bilateral motile animals some 25 million years later.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Canfield, Don E -- Poulton, Simon W -- Narbonne, Guy M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2007 Jan 5;315(5808):92-5. Epub 2006 Dec 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nordic Center for Earth Evolution (NordCEE) and Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark. dec@biology.sdu.dk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17158290" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; *Biological Evolution ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/chemistry ; Ice Cover ; Iron/analysis ; Newfoundland and Labrador ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Sulfates/analysis ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Ferruginous conditions dominated later neoproterozoic deep-water chemistry (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-07-19
    Description: Earth's surface chemical environment has evolved from an early anoxic condition to the oxic state we have today. Transitional between an earlier Proterozoic world with widespread deep-water anoxia and a Phanerozoic world with large oxygen-utilizing animals, the Neoproterozoic Era [1000 to 542 million years ago (Ma)] plays a key role in this history. The details of Neoproterozoic Earth surface oxygenation, however, remain unclear. We report that through much of the later Neoproterozoic (〈742 +/- 6 Ma), anoxia remained widespread beneath the mixed layer of the oceans; deeper water masses were sometimes sulfidic but were mainly Fe2+-enriched. These ferruginous conditions marked a return to ocean chemistry not seen for more than one billion years of Earth history.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Canfield, Donald E -- Poulton, Simon W -- Knoll, Andrew H -- Narbonne, Guy M -- Ross, Gerry -- Goldberg, Tatiana -- Strauss, Harald -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Aug 15;321(5891):949-52. doi: 10.1126/science.1154499. Epub 2008 Jul 17.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Nordic Center for Earth Evolution and Institute of Biology, Campusvej 55, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark. dec@biology.sdu.dk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18635761" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atmosphere ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; Ice Cover ; Iron/*analysis ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry ; Sulfates/analysis ; Sulfides/analysis ; Time
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Geochemistry. Ocean chemistry and early animals (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Narbonne, Guy M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 2;328(5974):53-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1188688.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. narbonne@geol.queensu.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20360098" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; Carbon/analysis ; China ; Evolution, Chemical ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments/*chemistry ; Hydrogen Sulfide/analysis ; Iron/analysis ; Oceans and Seas ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/analysis ; Seawater/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Modular construction of early Ediacaran complex life forms (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-07-17
    Description: Newly discovered, exceptionally preserved, soft-bodied fossils near Spaniard's Bay in eastern Newfoundland exhibit features not previously described from Ediacaran (terminal Neoproterozoic) fossils. All of the Spaniard's Bay taxa were composed of similar architectural elements-centimeter-scale frondlets exhibiting three orders of fracticality in branching. Frondlets were combined as modules atop semi-rigid organic skeletons to form a wide array of larger constructions, including frondose and plumose structures. This architecture and construction define the "rangeomorphs," a biological clade that dominated the Mistaken Point assemblage (575 to 560 million years ago) but does not appear to be ancestral to any Phanerozoic or modern organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Narbonne, Guy M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Aug 20;305(5687):1141-4. Epub 2004 Jul 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada. narbonne@geol.queensu.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15256615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Ecosystem ; *Fossils ; Geologic Sediments ; *Invertebrates/anatomy & histology/classification ; Newfoundland and Labrador ; Paleontology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Geology. A new period for the geologic time scale (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-08-03
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Knoll, Andrew H -- Walter, Malcolm R -- Narbonne, Guy M -- Christie-Blick, Nicholas -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Jul 30;305(5684):621-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. aknoll@oeb.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15286353" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Evolutionary biology: When life got big (2011)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-02-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Narbonne, Guy M -- England -- Nature. 2011 Feb 17;470(7334):339-40. doi: 10.1038/470339a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21331031" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Biological Evolution ; *Biota ; Body Size ; China ; Eukaryota/*classification/isolation & purification ; *Fossils ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Ediacaran (precambrian) fossils from the wernecke mountains, northwestern Canada (1983)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-07-29
    Description: Fossil medusoids identified as Cyclomedusa davidi?, Beltanelliformis brunsae, and cf. Sekwia excentrica are reported from Late Precambrian strata in the Wernecke Mountains. They are representatives of the Ediacaran fauna, the oldest assemblage of cosmopolitan metazoans, and are only the third such occurrence in Canada. In addition, specimens broadly resembling the problematic structure Rugoinfractus ovruchensis, previously known only from the Precambrian of the Ukraine, are reported from the Lower Cambrian of the nearby Mackenzie Mountains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hofmann, H J -- Fritz, W H -- Narbonne, G M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1983 Jul 29;221(4609):455-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17755480" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Trace Fossils in Siluro-Devonian Tidal Flat to Distal Basin Slope Carbonates of Arctic Canada: ABSTRACT (1983)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 1983-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists
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  • 9
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    Event Correlation in Upper Silurian Rocks of Somerset Island, Canadian Arctic (1981)
    American Association of Petroleum Geologists
    Details
    Publication Date: 1981-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0149-1423
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by American Association of Petroleum Geologists
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  • 10
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    Morphology and taphonomy of an Ediacaran frond: Charnia from the Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland (2007)
    In:  Geological Society Special Publication 286: 237-257.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2007-12-14
    Description: The Ediacaran frond Charnia, known mainly from fragmentary leaf-like fronds from around the world, is represented by completely preserved specimens with holdfasts in the Mistaken Point biota of Newfoundland. Previous reconstructions of Charnia from two-dimensional impressions were significantly oversimplified, resulting in three-dimensional reconstructions which highlighted a sheet-like morphology. Overlapping relationships and internal structures are rarely (if ever) preserved, and only through detailed photography together with both landmark and traditional morphometric analyses of numerous complete Charnia specimens can the preservational biases be removed. Charnia is reinterpreted here as having a series of individual overlapping primary branches attached to an internal central stalk, and with individual branches constrained by an internal, organic skeleton and/or attachments between adjacent branches. Three species, C. masoniFord 1958, C. wardi Narbonne & Gehling 2003, and C. antecedens sp. nov. can be distinguished on the basis of length/width ratios and the degree of attachment of adjacent branches. Morphological, taphonomical, and ecological studies at Mistaken Point imply that Charnia was a sessile, epibenthic frond that fed from suspension in this deep-water volcaniclastic setting. Evolution of more rigorous connections between the primary branches allowed Charnia to migrate into more turbulent, shallower-water habitats by the late Ediacaran.
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