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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-08-06
    Description: Article The onset of modern central Asian atmospheric circulation is often linked to the interplay of late Cenozoic paleogeographic changes and global cooling. Here the authors present sedimentary provenance data from early Cenozoic dust deposits, which indicate long-term stability of the central Asian high pressure system. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms12390 Authors: A. Licht, G. Dupont-Nivet, A. Pullen, P. Kapp, H. A. Abels, Z. Lai, Z. Guo, J. Abell, D. Giesler
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2014-09-16
    Description: The strong present-day Asian monsoons are thought to have originated between 25 and 22 million years (Myr) ago, driven by Tibetan-Himalayan uplift. However, the existence of older Asian monsoons and their response to enhanced greenhouse conditions such as those in the Eocene period (55-34 Myr ago) are unknown because of the paucity of well-dated records. Here we show late Eocene climate records revealing marked monsoon-like patterns in rainfall and wind south and north of the Tibetan-Himalayan orogen. This is indicated by low oxygen isotope values with strong seasonality in gastropod shells and mammal teeth from Myanmar, and by aeolian dust deposition in northwest China. Our climate simulations support modern-like Eocene monsoonal rainfall and show that a reinforced hydrological cycle responding to enhanced greenhouse conditions counterbalanced the negative effect of lower Tibetan relief on precipitation. These strong monsoons later weakened with the global shift to icehouse conditions 34 Myr ago.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Licht, A -- van Cappelle, M -- Abels, H A -- Ladant, J-B -- Trabucho-Alexandre, J -- France-Lanord, C -- Donnadieu, Y -- Vandenberghe, J -- Rigaudier, T -- Lecuyer, C -- Terry, D Jr -- Adriaens, R -- Boura, A -- Guo, Z -- Soe, Aung Naing -- Quade, J -- Dupont-Nivet, G -- Jaeger, J-J -- England -- Nature. 2014 Sep 25;513(7519):501-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13704. Epub 2014 Sep 14.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Institut de Paleoprimatologie, Paleontologie Humaine: Evolution et Paleoenvironnements, UMR CNRS 7262, Universite de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France [2] Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques, UMR CNRS 7358, Universite de Lorraine 54501 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France [3] Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. ; 1] Department of Earth Sciences, Universiteit Utrecht, 3584CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. ; 1] Department of Earth Sciences, Universiteit Utrecht, 3584CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. ; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, UMR CNRS 8212, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. ; Department of Earth Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. ; Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques, UMR CNRS 7358, Universite de Lorraine 54501 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France. ; Department of Earth Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ; Laboratoire de Geologie de Lyon, Terre, Planetes, Environnement, UMR CNRS 5276, Universite de Lyon, Institut Universitaire de France, 69622 Lyon, France. ; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA. ; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium. ; Centre de Recherche sur la Paleodiversite et les Paleoenvironnements - UPMC, MNHN, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France. ; Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China. ; Department of Geology, Defence Services Academy, Pyin Oo Lwin, Myanmar. ; Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. ; 1] Department of Earth Sciences, Universiteit Utrecht, 3584CD, Utrecht, The Netherlands [2] Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China [3] Geosciences Rennes, UMR CNRS 6118, Universite de Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France [4] Universitat Potsdam, Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. ; Institut de Paleoprimatologie, Paleontologie Humaine: Evolution et Paleoenvironnements, UMR CNRS 7262, Universite de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25219854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Altitude ; Animal Shells/chemistry ; Animals ; China ; *Climate ; Desert Climate ; Dust/analysis ; Fossils ; Gastropoda/chemistry ; Greenhouse Effect/*history ; History, Ancient ; Myanmar ; Oxygen Isotopes ; *Rain ; Seasons ; Temperature ; Tibet ; Tooth/chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2008-11-15
    Description: Analyses of the KNM-WT 15000 Homo erectus juvenile male partial skeleton from Kenya concluded that this species had a tall thin body shape due to specialized locomotor and climatic adaptations. Moreover, it was concluded that H. erectus pelves were obstetrically restricted to birthing a small-brained altricial neonate. Here we describe a nearly complete early Pleistocene adult female H. erectus pelvis from the Busidima Formation of Gona, Afar, Ethiopia. This obstetrically capacious pelvis demonstrates that pelvic shape in H. erectus was evolving in response to increasing fetal brain size. This pelvis indicates that neither adaptations to tropical environments nor endurance running were primary selective factors in determining pelvis morphology in H. erectus during the early Pleistocene.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simpson, Scott W -- Quade, Jay -- Levin, Naomi E -- Butler, Robert -- Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume -- Everett, Melanie -- Semaw, Sileshi -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Nov 14;322(5904):1089-92. doi: 10.1126/science.1163592.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106-4930, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19008443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Biological Evolution ; Body Height ; Body Size ; Brain/anatomy & histology/embryology ; Environment ; Ethiopia ; Female ; *Fossils ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Lumbar Vertebrae/*anatomy & histology ; Parturition ; Pelvic Bones/*anatomy & histology ; Pelvis/anatomy & histology ; Sacrum/anatomy & histology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2015-03-06
    Description: Sedimentary basins in eastern Africa preserve a record of continental rifting and contain important fossil assemblages for interpreting hominin evolution. However, the record of hominin evolution between 3 and 2.5 million years ago (Ma) is poorly documented in surface outcrops, particularly in Afar, Ethiopia. Here we present the discovery of a 2.84- to 2.58-million-year-old fossil and hominin-bearing sediments in the Ledi-Geraru research area of Afar, Ethiopia, that have produced the earliest record of the genus Homo. Vertebrate fossils record a faunal turnover indicative of more open and probably arid habitats than those reconstructed earlier in this region, which is in broad agreement with hypotheses addressing the role of environmental forcing in hominin evolution at this time. Geological analyses constrain depositional and structural models of Afar and date the LD 350-1 Homo mandible to 2.80 to 2.75 Ma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉DiMaggio, Erin N -- Campisano, Christopher J -- Rowan, John -- Dupont-Nivet, Guillaume -- Deino, Alan L -- Bibi, Faysal -- Lewis, Margaret E -- Souron, Antoine -- Garello, Dominique -- Werdelin, Lars -- Reed, Kaye E -- Arrowsmith, J Ramon -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2015 Mar 20;347(6228):1355-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa1415. Epub 2015 Mar 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. dimaggio@psu.edu kreed@asu.edu. ; Institute of Human Origins, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. ; CNRS Geosciences Rennes, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France. ; Berkeley Geochronology Center, 2455 Ridge Road, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA. ; Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany. ; Biology Program, Stockton University, 101 Vera King Farris Drive, Galloway, NJ 08205, USA. ; Human Evolution Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA, 94720-3160, USA. ; School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. ; Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Palaeobiology, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25739409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Biological Evolution ; *Ecosystem ; Ethiopia ; Fossils ; *Geologic Sediments ; *Hominidae
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2015-10-16
    Description: The Cretaceous and Palaeogene sediments of the basins in Central Asia include the remnants of the easternmost extent of a vast shallow epicontinental sea, which extended across the Eurasian continent before it retreated westwards and eventually isolated as the Paratethys Sea. To improve understanding of its long-term palaeogeographical evolution, we complement the well-constrained chronological framework of the Tarim Basin in China with stratigraphic records of the sea retreat from the Fergana Basin and the Alai Valley Basin in southern Kyrgyzstan and the Afghan–Tajik Basin in SW Tajikistan. By lithostratigraphic analyses and identification of bivalve assemblages, this study establishes for the first time a clear and detailed regional correlation of Palaeogene marine strata across Central Asia, showing that the basins share a similar palaeogeographical evolution characterized by a long-term stepwise retreat punctuated by short-term shallow-marine incursions. Our correlation shows that the last two marine incursions recognized in the Tarim Basin can be traced westwards. The permanent disappearance of the sea from Central Asia probably occurred with limited diachroneity in the late Eocene, before the isolation of the Paratethys Sea, shifting the easternmost margin of the sea hundreds of kilometres westwards and probably significantly reducing moisture supply to the Asian interior.
    Print ISSN: 0305-8719
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4927
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2012-10-03
    Description: We recently presented a compilation of paleomagnetic data arguing for Cretaceous extension within Greater India. These data imply that a Tibetan Himalayan (TH) microcontinent rifted away from India, opening an oceanic Greater India Basin (GIB) in its wake. Consequently, we postulated a two-stage India-Asia collision at ∼52 and 25–20 Ma...
    Keywords: Letters
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2012-05-16
    Description: Cenozoic convergence between the Indian and Asian plates produced the archetypical continental collision zone comprising the Himalaya mountain belt and the Tibetan Plateau. How and where India–Asia convergence was accommodated after collision at or before 52 Ma remains a long-standing controversy. Since 52 Ma, the two plates have converged up to 3,600 ± 35 km, yet the upper crustal shortening documented from the geological record of Asia and the Himalaya is up to approximately 2,350-km less. Here we show that the discrepancy between the convergence and the shortening can be explained by subduction of highly extended continental and oceanic Indian lithosphere within the Himalaya between approximately 50 and 25 Ma. Paleomagnetic data show that this extended continental and oceanic “Greater India” promontory resulted from 2,675 ± 700 km of North–South extension between 120 and 70 Ma, accommodated between the Tibetan Himalaya and cratonic India. We suggest that the approximately 50 Ma “India”–Asia collision was a collision of a Tibetan-Himalayan microcontinent with Asia, followed by subduction of the largely oceanic Greater India Basin along a subduction zone at the location of the Greater Himalaya. The “hard” India–Asia collision with thicker and contiguous Indian continental lithosphere occurred around 25–20 Ma. This hard collision is coincident with far-field deformation in central Asia and rapid exhumation of Greater Himalaya crystalline rocks, and may be linked to intensification of the Asian monsoon system. This two-stage collision between India and Asia is also reflected in the deep mantle remnants of subduction imaged with seismic tomography.
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2018
    Description: 〈span〉The geological history of the Burmese subduction margin, where India obliquely subducts below Indochina, remains poorly documented although it is key to deciphering geodynamic models for the evolution of the broader Tibetan-Himalayan orogen. Various scenarios for the evolution of the orogen have been proposed, including a collision of India with Myanmar in the Paleogene, a significant extrusion of Myanmar and Indochina from the India-Asia collision zone, or very little change in paleogeography and subduction regime since the India-Asia collision. This article examines the history of the Burmese forearc basin, with a particular focus on Eocene–Oligocene times to reconstruct the evolution of the Burmese margin during the early stages of the India-Asia collision. We report on sedimentological, geochemical, petrographical, and geochronological data from the Chindwin Basin—the northern part of the Burmese forearc—and integrate these results with previous data from other basins in central Myanmar.Our results show that the Burmese margin acted as a regular Andean-type subduction margin until the late middle Eocene, with a forearc basin that was open to the trench and fed by the denudation of the Andean volcanic arc to the east. We show that the modern tectonic configuration of central Myanmar formed 39–37 million years ago, when the Burmese margin shifted from an Andean-type margin to a hyper-oblique margin. The forearc basin was quickly partitioned into individual pull-apart basins, bounded to the west by a quickly emerged accretionary prism, and to the east by synchronously exhumed basement rocks, including coeval high-grade metamorphics. We interpret this shift as resulting from the onset of strike-slip deformation on the subduction margin leading to the formation of a paleo-sliver plate, with a paleo fault system in the accretionary prism, pull-apart basins in the forearc, and another paleo fault system in the backarc. This evolution implies that hyper-oblique convergence below the Burmese margin is at least twice older than previously thought. Our results reject any India-Asia convergence scenario involving an early Paleogene collision of India with Myanmar. In contrast, our results validate conservative geodynamic models arguing for a close-to-modern pre-collisional paleogeometry for the Indochina Peninsula, and indicate that any post-collisional rotation of Indochina, if it occurred at all, must have been achieved by the late middle Eocene.〈/span〉
    Print ISSN: 0016-7606
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2674
    Topics: Geosciences
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