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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subcellular immuno-localization, amino acid composition and partial amino acid sequences of α-l,4-glucan phosphorylase of Gracilaria spp (Rhodophyta) (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 89 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Antibodies have been raised against an α-l,4-glucan phosphorylase (EC 2. 4. 1. 1) purified from the red alga Gracilaria chilensis. Localization of α-l,4-glucan phosphorylase in thin sections of G. chilensis and G. tenuistipitata was performed using immuno-gold labelling and transmission electron microscopy. The enzyme was localized in the cytosol and around the cytosolic starch granules of the algal cells. The labelling was not associated with the chloroplast or the cell wall. Amino acid composition of the red algal phosphorylase was quite similar to that of potato tuber and rabbit muscle phosphorylases. Partial amino acid sequences showed 48, 54 and 65% homology with the rabbit, potato and Escherichia coli enzymes, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb01780.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymes from marine phycophages that degrade cell walls of seaweeds (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 116 (1993), S. 553-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Agarase, cellulase and alginate lyase activities from crude extracts of Aplysia dactylomela Rang, Haliotis coccinea canariensis Nordsieck, Littorina striata King et Broderip and Diadema antillarum Phillipi were measured in vitro to compare digestive efficiencies against several components of complex seaweed cell walls. Commercial abalone acetone powder (AAP, an extract from Haliotis sp.; Sigma, Ref. A-7514) and purified (Sigma, Ref. A-6306) and non-purified agarases from Pseudomonas atlantica were used with the same objective. Optimum conditions for agarase and cellulase activities were 40°C and pH 6.0. For alginate lyase, optimum temperature and pH were species-dependent. Highest reducing sugar release was shown by crude extracts from A. dactylomela. These crude extracts displayed high agarase activity compared with bacterial agarases at 40°C, and were significantly higher at 25°C. AAP and crude extracts from L. striata and D. antillarum exhibited high specific activities on all the substrates. Cold extract from Gracilaria spp. was the best substrate with which to measure agarase activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00355473
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase activity on photosynthesis in the red alga Soliera filiformis (Gigartinales: Rhodophyta) (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 114 (1992), S. 335-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of light intensity, pH and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors on photosynthesis of the red marine macroalgae Solieria filiformis (Kützing) Gabrielson, collected from Taliarte (Gran Canaria, Canary Islands) in 1991, has been investigated. Plants taken from the sea (“wild phenotype”) developed spherical morphology (“ball phenotype”) after 2 mo culture in aerated tanks. The photosynthetic oxygen evolution in the wild phenotype was saturated at 100 μmol photons m-2s-1, while the “ball” phenotype displayed saturation at 200 μmol photons m-2s-1. The inhibitors of total CA activity (6-ethoxizolamide) and extracellular CA activity (dextran-bound sulfonamide) inhibited photosynthesis at pH 8.2, to 90 and 50% respectively, in both phenotypes. No inhibition of the photosynthetic oxygen evolution was detected at pH 6.5. CA activity was associated with both supernatant and pellet fractions of crude extracts of S. filiformis. The rate of alkalization of the medium by the algae was dependent on light intensity. We suggest that carbon dioxide is the general form of inorganic carbon transported across the plasmamembrane in S. filiformis. HCO3 transport into the cell takes place simultaneously by an “indirect” mechanism (dehydration to CO2 catalyzed by CAext) and by direct uptake. Extracellular (CAext) and intracellular (CAint) CAs are involved in the mechanisms of inorganic carbon assimilation by S. filiformis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349536
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Actual, potential and speculative applications of seaweed cellular biotechnology: some specific comments on Gelidium (1991)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 221 (1991), S. 181-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: callus ; cell culture ; domestication ; protoplast ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cellular biotechnology is a promising application in the propagation and selection of superior strains of seaweeds. Although axenic cultures, organogenetic tissue cultures, vegetative micro-propagation, callus induction and high yields of agar from calli have been described for several species of Gelidium, a number of basic problems remain to be solved. These include standardized methods for obtaining axenic cultures, identification of requirements for organic nutrients, PGR's, cellular disorganization and reorganization, somaclonal variation and somatic incompatibilities. Future progress in seaweed biotechnology will depend on the resolution of many of these problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028374
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