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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 11125-11128 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The OH stretching vibration of jet-cooled phenol-N2 in the neural and cationic ground states was observed by using infrared–ultraviolet double resonance spectroscopy and infrared photodissociation spectroscopy, respectively. The OH vibration showed a small but significant low-frequency shift of 5 cm−1 upon the cluster formation in the neutral, while the shift drastically increased up to 159 cm−1 in the cation. These results represent the direct evidence of the in-plane cluster structure, in which phenolic OH is hydrogen bonded to N2, as was proposed in the zero kinetic energy photoelectron study [S. R. Haines et al., J. Chem. Phys. 109, 9244 (1998)]. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 6275-6284 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The CH stretching vibrations of the benzene–Ar, toluene–Ar, and ethylbenzene–Ar clusters prepared in jet expansion were observed in both the neutral and cationic ground states by using infrared–ultraviolet double resonance and infrared photodissociation spectroscopy, respectively. Vibrational frequencies for the in-plane modes of the clusters have been found to be practically the same as those of the corresponding bare molecules. The aromatic CH stretching vibrations showed high frequency shifts upon ionization, and their infrared absorption intensities remarkably decreased. The alkyl CH stretching vibrations were also significantly changed in both frequency and intensity upon ionization. Density functional calculations well reproduced the observed infrared spectra of the neutral and cationic states, and enhancement of hyperconjugation in the cationic state was pointed out. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 112 (2000), S. 137-148 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A newly developed infrared spectroscopic technique, called autoionization-detected infrared (ADIR) spectroscopy, was applied for a study on hydroxyl–alkyl interactions in cresol and ethylphenol cations. In this technique, vibrational transitions in the ion core of high Rydberg states, which has almost the same vibrational structure as the corresponding bare molecular ion, are measured by detecting the vibrational autoionization signal. The OH stretching vibrations in the rotational isomers of the ortho-, meta-, and para-cresol cations and those of the ethylphenol cations were observed. Remarkable low-frequency shifts of the OH vibration were found only for the cis rotational isomers of the ortho-cresol and ortho-ethylphenol cations, whereas no such shift was found for all the other rotational and structural isomer cations. On the other hand, no remarkable shift of the OH stretch frequency was found for all the isomers in the neutral ground state. These results indicate that an intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed between the hydroxyl and alkyl groups in the cationic ground state of ortho-cresol and ortho-ethylphenol. The remarkable low-frequency shift of the OH vibration also indicates that the alkyl group acts as a proton acceptor in the hydrogen bond. This is a new type of intramolecular hydrogen bond, and the origin of such unconventional hydrogen bond in the cations is discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 110 (1999), S. 4238-4247 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new infrared spectroscopic technique for jet-cooled molecular cations is applied to observe intramolecular hydrogen bonds in substituted phenol ions. Vibrational transitions of an ion core of high Rydberg states are measured by detecting molecular ions prepared through vibrational autoionization. The observed infrared spectra practically provide vibrational frequencies of the corresponding bare molecular ion. The OH stretching vibrations of ortho-, meta-, and para-isomers of fluorophenol and methoxyphenol cations are observed. The OH stretching vibrational frequency of the ortho-isomer shows a characteristic redshift due to the intramolecular hydrogen bond. The redshift increases with ionization, indicating a significant enhancement of the intramolecular hydrogen bond strength. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 4581-4585 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rotational superexcited np Rydberg states (n≥23, v=0) of NO have been state-selectively produced with a two-color double resonance excitation method, and not only the NO+ ions generated by autoionization but also nitrogen atoms of the predissociation fragment have been directly detected to investigate the competition between rotational autoionization and predissociation. As a result, it has been found that the predissociation efficiency of the np Rydberg states hardly depends on whether the rotational autoionization channels are open or not. This fact clearly demonstrates that the decay dynamics of these states is governed by predissociation, not by rotational autoionization.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 327-334 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The decay dynamics of the 7f Rydberg state (υ=1) of NO has been investigated with laser multiphoton excitation methods; not only NO+ ions generated by autoionization, but also fragment nitrogen atoms produced by predissociation have been directly probed. The fragment atoms have been found to populate both the 2p3 2DJ and 2p3 4S3/2 states. Population yield in the 4S state shows strong dependence on each 7f rotational level of NO, and this dependence is remarkably correlated with autoionization yield, while no such significant dependence exists for the 2D state. From the fact that only odd L levels generate the 4S state, dissociative states causing this predissociation process have been identified as Σ+ states. Through detailed analysis, it has been shown that the predissociation rate of this channel is much larger than the autoionization rate, and that the N(2D)-generating predissociation is also mainly caused by dissociative Σ+ states. Moreover, it has been found that a major part of the total decay rate of each rotational level is strongly correlated with magnitude of its fσ character. From these facts, it has been concluded that the decay process in the 7f state is mainly governed by predissociation due to direct coupling with dissociative Σ+ valence states, which have been identified as A' 2Σ+ and I 2Σ+ for the N(4S)- and N(2D)-generating predissociation channels, respectively.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 5307-5313 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Laser induced fluorescence (LIF) detection has been applied to measure the rotational distribution of the N+2 ion produced by double resonant multiphoton ionization of the N2 molecule. By analysis of the LIF spectra of the generated N+2 ion, the rotational propensity rules of the photoionization of N2 have been determined, which agree with theoretical prediction. The observed rotational intensity distribution shows relatively good agreement with the calculated result. Rotational relaxation of the N+2 ions by N2 collision has also been measured. The rotational relaxation rate constant is almost equal to that of the vibrational relaxation and the selection rule "symmetric'' (+)↔"symmetric''(+) has been found to be obeyed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 6993-6999 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The two-color double resonance multiphoton ionization and fluorescence dip spectra due to the transitions from various rotational levels of the D 2Σ+ (v=1) state of NO to its high Rydberg states have been measured. Coherent vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light generated by four wave mixing in Hg was used in the first excitation step. The ns(v=1) and nd(v=1) Rydberg series with 7≤n≤32 were observed. The rotational analysis for the d Rydberg series indicates that only the Π− component appears in the MPI spectra. A large dependence of the rotational constant upon n for the nd Π− Rydberg states was found and interpreted in terms of dΠ−–dΔ− mixing. An anomalous intensity distribution was also found for the rotational branches of the ns Rydberg states in the transition from the D 2Σ+ state. The anomaly is explained by the ns–(n−1)d mixing.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 6029-6039 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: With three-color triple resonance excitation, rotational-state-resolved laser multiphonon ionization spectra of highly excited ng Rydberg states (n=11–67, v=0 and 1) of NO have been observed. Determining the term values of the observed states, we have found that those values are in good agreement with the theoretical values calculated on the basis of the long range force model. Through detailed analysis of the spectral intensity distributions, we have proved, for the first time, the theoretical prediction that even in g Rydberg states there are efficient vibrational and rotational autoionization processes much faster than the radiative decay. In addition, we have also found the presence of non-negligible predissociation processes competing with the autoionization processes, roughly estimating both predissociation and autoionization rates. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 113 (2000), S. 8000-8008 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vibrational autoionization spectra of high Rydberg states of pyrazine–Ar and –Xe van der Waals clusters were observed by two-color double resonance spectroscopy. Two Rydberg series converging to the same ionization threshold appeared in the spectra of both the clusters, while only one Rydberg series was seen in bare pyrazine. One of the series of the clusters was assigned to be of "gerade," which is the same Rydberg series as that found in bare pyrazine. The other series of the clusters was assigned to an "ungerade" series, suggesting that the symmetry breakdown of the ion core is induced by the cluster formation. For both the Rydberg series, apparently very small quantum defects were involved, and the "gerade" and "ungerade" series were tentatively assigned to the d (or s) and f Rydberg series, respectively. In comparison with the bare molecule, the quantum defects of the clusters exhibited slight shifts to the negative direction, indicating the decrease of the binding energy of the Rydberg electron. The vibrational autoionization efficiency does not change upon the cluster formation, even above the dissociation threshold of the van der Waals bond. This fact indicates that the vibrational autoionization rate is much faster than the vibrational predissociation rate. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
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