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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical mobility measurements of fine-particle formation during chamber studies of atmospheric photochemical reactions (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Environmental science & technology 25 (1991), S. 883-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5851
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00017a009
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance-enhanced spontaneous emission from quantum dots (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 806-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Enhanced and inhibited spontaneous emission from a pointlike quantum dot embedded in a finite dielectric sphere are treated classically. Numerical results given for a GaAs quantum dot embedded in an Al0.4Ga0.6As sphere show the spontaneous emission rate is decreased by a factor of 80 when the radius of the sphere is small compared to the wavelength of emitted light. When the radius of the sphere is comparable to the wavelength, the spontaneous emission rate depends strongly on the radius. Sharp resonances, related to Mie resonances, with enhancements up to a factor of 100, are found in some cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351818
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies in binary nucleation: The dibutylphthalate/dioctylphthalate system (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 6442-6453 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A continuous-flow mixing apparatus has been developed for the study of binary nucleation. This apparatus has been used to investigate the nucleation of mixed dibutylphthalate/dioctylphthalate vapors, and the interaction of the two vapors in particle formation has been demonstrated. A model that considers competition between nucleation and condensation processes during particle formation is applied in the analysis of the experimental results, allowing comparison of the magnitudes of the theoretical and actual nucleation rates in both the single-component and mixed vapor systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.455413
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inward electrostatic precipitation of interplanetary particles (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1839-1846 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An inward precipitator collects particles initially dispersed in a gas throughout either a cylindrical or spherical chamber onto a small central planchet. The instrument is effective for particle diameters greater than about 1 μm. One use is the collection of interplanetary dust particles which are stopped in a noble gas (xenon) by drag and ablation after perforating the wall of a thin-walled spacecraft-mounted chamber. First, the particles are positively charged for several seconds by the corona production of positive xenon ions from inward facing needles placed on the chamber wall. Then an electric field causes the particles to migrate toward the center of the instrument and onto the planchet. The collection time (of the order of hours for a 1 m radius spherical chamber) is greatly reduced by the use of optimally located screens which reapportion the electric field. Some of the electric field lines terminate on the wires of the screens so a fraction of the total number of particles in the chamber is lost. The operation of the instrument is demonstrated by experiments which show the migration of carbon soot particles with radius of approximately 1 μm in a 5-cm-diam cylindrical chamber with a single field enhancing screen toward a 3.2 mm central collection rod.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144832
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scale-up of electrospray atomization using linear arrays of Taylor cones (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 683-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Linear arrays of Taylor cones were established on capillary electrode tubes opposite a slotted flat plate counterelectrode to investigate the feasibility of increasing the liquid throughput rate in electrospray atomizers. It was found that individual Taylor cones could be established on each capillary over a wide range of the capillary radius to spacing ratio R/S. The onset potential Vs required to establish the cones varied directly with R/S, but the liquid flow rate per cone and current per cone were nearly independent of R/S for a given overpotential ratio P=V/Vs. Only six working capillaries were used, but the results per cone are applicable to larger arrays of cones since end effects were minimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144197
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Situ Study of Single Aqueous Droplet Solidification of Ceramic Precursors Used for Spray Pyrolysis (1998)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 81 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The electrodynamic balance (EDB) is demonstrated to be useful for the in situ study of aqueous droplet solidification. We have used an EDB to study the solidification of solution droplets used for ceramic powder synthesis by spray pyrolysis. The mass change and the elastic light scattering of the drying 20 μm solution droplets were monitored. We found that aqueous MgCl2 droplets crystallize but Mg(COOCH3)2, MgSO4, ZrO(OH)Cl, and Zr(COOCH3)4 droplets appear to form gels at high concentrations. As a result of the gel formation, the rate of loss of water from the droplets can be reduced by approximately 150 times and drying is limited by solute diffusion in the gel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02384.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Onset of runaway nucleation in aerosol reactors (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 1365-1371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The onset of homogeneous nucleation of new particles from the products of gas phase chemical reactions was explored using an aerosol reactor in which seed particles of silicon were grown by silane pyrolysis. The transition from seed growth by cluster deposition to catastrophic nucleation was extremely abrupt, with as little as a 17% change in the reactant concentration leading to an increase in the concentration of measurable particles of four orders of magnitude. From the structure of the particles grown near this transition, it is apparent that much of the growth occurs by the accumulation of clusters on the growing seed particles. The time scale for cluster diffusion indicates, however, that the clusters responsible for growth must be much smaller than the apparent fine structure of the product particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338115
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Instrument to collect fogwater for chemical analysis (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1291-1293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An instrument is presented which collects large samples of ambient fogwater by impaction of droplets on a screen. The collection efficiency of the instrument is determined as a function of droplet size, and it is shown that fog droplets in the range 3–100-μm diameter are efficiently collected. No significant evaporation or condensation occurs at any stage of the collection process. Field testing indicates that samples collected are representative of the ambient fogwater. The instrument may easily be automated, and is suitable for use in routine air quality monitoring programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1137995
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle sizing in the electrodynamic balance (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 933-936 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We report a new technique for sizing particles in the electrodynamic balance. In this technique, the trajectory of a falling particle is followed with a photomultiplier tube. Particle velocities are measured by placing a mask between the particle and the detector. The masked region in the particle trajectory is roughly 0.6 mm wide. Output from the PMT is sampled every millisecond by an A/D converter and stored in a computer. Flight times of several hundred milliseconds are measured and the size is then computed from the particle's terminal velocity. With a modification of the mask, the technique is used to verify the uniformity of the electric field through which the particle is falling. In the present work we use the technique to determine size of polystryrene latex microspheres having nominal diameters of 10 and 20 μ. The technique can be used on any size particle, independent of its charge-to-mass ratio, and provides the size information in a short time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138837
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for a single aerosol particle (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 58 (1987), S. 584-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A spectrometer is reported here for obtaining the infrared spectrum of a single aqueous aerosol particle by a Fourier transform technique. The particle is held in an electrodynamic balance and irradiated simultaneously by the infrared output from a Michelson interferometer and the visible light from a dye laser. The size of the particle is modulated by chopping the IR beam, and the resulting visible scattered light fluctuation is detected at 90° with a photomultiplier tube. The amplitude of the scattered light fluctuation is measured with a lock-in amplifier at each interferometer mirror position. The electronic circuitry for stepping the interferometer mirror is presented and discussed. Inverting the lock-in signal by a discrete fast Fourier transform routine (FFT) yields the particle absorption spectrum. The resulting spectrum for an (NH4)2SO4 droplet is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139220
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