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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 1816-1821 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Cd1−xZnxTe films of various stoichiometries have been prepared by the two-stage process. The technique involves sequentially depositing thin layers of Cd, Zn, and Te on a substrate and reacting these elemental layers to form the compound. Both electrodeposition and evaporation techniques have been used in this work to deposit the elemental films. Properties of the electroplated elemental films, as well as the structural, optical and electrical characteristics of the reacted compounds, have been studied. Transparent ZnTe films of low resistivity have been obtained. Cd1−xZnxTe/CdS solar cells using films processed by the two-stage technique are demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 50 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . An initial survey of sequences of PCR-amplified portions of the 18S rRNA genes from a community DNA clone library, prepared from an algal mat in a thermal, acidic stream in Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA, revealed among other sequences, several that matched Vahlkampfia. This finding prompted further investigation using primers specific for Naegleria. Sequences from a subsequent DNA clone library, prepared from the 5.8S rRNA gene and the adjacent internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the rRNA, closely matched Naegleria and formed an independent lineage within a clade containing Naegleria sturti and Naegleria niuginiensis. The sequences may represent a new Naegleria species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 396 (1998), S. 226-228 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Small unicellular cyanobacteria (Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus ) are the most abundant photosynthetic microorganisms in the world's oceans, yet we know little of the genetic structure of these populations. Here we show that distinct clades of Prochlorococcus, and possibly of Synechococcus, ...
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 50 (1991), S. 359-366 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Sharp minima ; proximal point ; finite termination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper concerns the notion of a sharp minimum on a set and its relationship to the proximal point algorithm. We give several equivalent definitions of the property and use the notion to prove finite termination of the proximal point algorithm.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 80 (1998), S. 35-61 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Graph partitioning ; Linear programming ; Bundle method ; Parallel optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper describes heuristics for partitioning a generalM × N matrix into arrowhead form. Such heuristics are useful for decomposing large, constrained, optimization problems into forms that are amenable to parallel processing. The heuristics presented can be easily implemented using publicly available graph partitioning algorithms. The application of such techniques for solving large linear programs is described. Extensive computational results on the effectiveness of our partitioning procedures and their usefulness for parallel optimization are presented. © 1998 The Mathematical Programming Society, Inc. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 56 (1992), S. 361-364 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Affine scaling ; semi-infinite linear programming ; free variables
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We consider an extension of the affine scaling algorithm for linear programming problems with free variables to problems having infinitely many constraints, and explore the relationship between this algorithm and the finite affine scaling method applied to a discretization of the problem.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 86 (1999), S. 475-497 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Key words: mixed complementarity problems – global convergence – superlinear convergence – feasible descent methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we consider a general algorithmic framework for solving nonlinear mixed complementarity problems. The main features of this framework are: (a) it is well-defined for an arbitrary mixed complementarity problem, (b) it generates only feasible iterates, (c) it has a strong global convergence theory, and (d) it is locally fast convergent under standard regularity assumptions. This framework is applied to the PATH solver in order to show viability of the approach. Numerical results for an appropriate modification of the PATH solver indicate that this framework leads to substantial computational improvements.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 68 (1996), S. 211-232 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Complementarity problems ; computable general equilibria ; pathsearch ; Newton-type algorithms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Computable general equilibrium models and other types of variational inequalities play a key role in computational economics. This paper describes the design and implementation of a pathsearch damped Newton method for solving such problems. Our algorithm improves on the typical Newton method (which generates and solves a sequence of LCPs) in both speed and robustness. The underlying complementarity problem is reformulated as a normal map so that standard algorithmic enhancements of Newton's method for solving nonlinear equations can be easily applied. The solver is implemented as a GAMS subsystem, using an interface library developed for this purpose. Computational results obtained from a number of test problems arising in economics are given.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 88 (2000), S. 487-505 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Mathematics Subject Classification (1991): 90C90, 90C11
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. A generic framework is postulated for utilizing the computational resources provided by a metacomputer to concurrently solve a large number of optimization problems generated by a modeling language. An example of the framework using the Condor resource manager and the AMPL and GAMS modeling languages is provided. A mixed integer programming formulation of a feature selection problem from machine learning is used to test the mechanism developed. Due to this application’s computational requirements, the ability to perform optimizations in parallel is necessary in order to obtain results within a reasonable amount of time. Details about the simple and easy to use tool and implementation are presented so that other modelers with applications generating many independent mathematical programs can take advantage of it to significantly reduce solution times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 86 (1999), S. 65-90 
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: Key words: complementarity problems – smoothing – proximal algorithms – augmented Lagrangians
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper describes several methods for solving nonlinear complementarity problems. A general duality framework for pairs of monotone operators is developed and then applied to the monotone complementarity problem, obtaining primal, dual, and primal-dual formulations. We derive Bregman-function-based generalized proximal algorithms for each of these formulations, generating three classes of complementarity algorithms. The primal class is well-known. The dual class is new and constitutes a general collection of methods of multipliers, or augmented Lagrangian methods, for complementarity problems. In a special case, it corresponds to a class of variational inequality algorithms proposed by Gabay. By appropriate choice of Bregman function, the augmented Lagrangian subproblem in these methods can be made continuously differentiable. The primal-dual class of methods is entirely new and combines the best theoretical features of the primal and dual methods. Some preliminary computation shows that this class of algorithms is effective at solving many of the standard complementarity test problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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